ubuntu-cve-2025-25291
Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu
Published
2025-03-12 21:15
Modified
2026-01-20 05:27
Summary
Details

ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.

Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
N/A (UNKNOWN)
medium
References
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-saml",
            "binary_version": "1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS",
        "name": "ruby-saml",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2?arch=source\u0026distro=esm-apps/xenial"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "0.9.2-1",
        "1.0.0-1",
        "1.1.2-1ubuntu1",
        "1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm1",
        "1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "availability": "Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro",
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-saml",
            "binary_version": "1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS",
        "name": "ruby-saml",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2?arch=source\u0026distro=esm-apps/bionic"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.4.1-1",
        "1.7.2-1",
        "1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "availability": "Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro",
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-saml",
            "binary_version": "1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS",
        "name": "ruby-saml",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1?arch=source\u0026distro=esm-apps/focal"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.7.2-1",
        "1.11.0-1",
        "1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "availability": "Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro",
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-saml",
            "binary_version": "1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS",
        "name": "ruby-saml",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1?arch=source\u0026distro=esm-apps/jammy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.11.0-1",
        "1.13.0-1",
        "1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "availability": "Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro",
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "ruby-saml",
            "binary_version": "1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:24.04:LTS",
        "name": "ruby-saml",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1?arch=source\u0026distro=esm-apps/noble"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.15.0-1",
        "1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "details": "ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.",
  "id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2025-25291",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T05:27:22Z",
  "published": "2025-03-12T21:15:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-25291"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-25291"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-7409-1"
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    "USN-7409-1"
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.7.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "medium",
      "type": "Ubuntu"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-25291"
  ]
}



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  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
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