Vulnerability-Lookup

PYSEC-2026-4256

Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2026-10-15 10:22 - Updated: 2026-10-15 14:38

Details

Summary

The deploy/api.py module generates Python server code by directly interpolating the agents_file parameter into an f-string that is then written to a file and executed via subprocess.Popen(). An attacker who controls the agents_file value (via CLI argument, configuration, or upstream API) can inject arbitrary Python code.

Details

src/praisonai/praisonai/deploy/api.py (line 80):

code = f'''...
    praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file="{agents_file}")
...
    "agent_file": "{agents_file}"
...'''

The generated code is then executed (line 190):

subprocess.Popen(['python', server_file])

agents_file is never sanitized or validated. A malicious value breaks out of the string context:

agents_file = '"); import os; os.system("id"); #'
# Generated code becomes:
# praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=""); import os; os.system("id"); #")

The same pattern exists in deploy/docker.py (line 33) for Dockerfile generation.

PoC

# The injection:
agents_file = '"); import os; os.system("id"); #'

# What the generated code looks like:
template = f'praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file="{agents_file}")'
print(template)
# Output: praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=""); import os; os.system("id"); #")

Impact

Arbitrary code execution on the machine running the deploy command
Supply chain risk if agents_file comes from a configuration file or CI/CD pipeline

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Impacted products

Name	purl
praisonai	pkg:pypi/praisonai

Aliases

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "praisonai",
        "purl": "pkg:pypi/praisonai"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.6.78"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "0.0.1",
        "0.0.10",
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        "4.6.55",
        "4.6.56",
        "4.6.57",
        "4.6.58",
        "4.6.59",
        "4.6.60",
        "4.6.62",
        "4.6.63",
        "4.6.64",
        "4.6.65",
        "4.6.67",
        "4.6.68",
        "4.6.70",
        "4.6.71",
        "4.6.72",
        "4.6.74",
        "4.6.75",
        "4.6.77",
        "4.6.9"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-62176",
    "GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg"
  ],
  "details": "### Summary\nThe `deploy/api.py` module generates Python server code by directly interpolating the `agents_file` parameter into an f-string that is then written to a file and executed via `subprocess.Popen()`. An attacker who controls the `agents_file` value (via CLI argument, configuration, or upstream API) can inject arbitrary Python code.\n\n### Details\n\n`src/praisonai/praisonai/deploy/api.py` (line 80):\n\n```python\ncode = f\u0027\u0027\u0027...\n    praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=\"{agents_file}\")\n...\n    \"agent_file\": \"{agents_file}\"\n...\u0027\u0027\u0027\n```\n\nThe generated code is then executed (line 190):\n```python\nsubprocess.Popen([\u0027python\u0027, server_file])\n```\n\n`agents_file` is never sanitized or validated. A malicious value breaks out of the string context:\n\n```python\nagents_file = \u0027\"); import os; os.system(\"id\"); #\u0027\n# Generated code becomes:\n# praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=\"\"); import os; os.system(\"id\"); #\")\n```\n\nThe same pattern exists in `deploy/docker.py` (line 33) for Dockerfile generation.\n\n\n### PoC\n\n```python\n# The injection:\nagents_file = \u0027\"); import os; os.system(\"id\"); #\u0027\n\n# What the generated code looks like:\ntemplate = f\u0027praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=\"{agents_file}\")\u0027\nprint(template)\n# Output: praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=\"\"); import os; os.system(\"id\"); #\")\n```\n\n### Impact\n- **Arbitrary code execution** on the machine running the deploy command\n- **Supply chain risk** if `agents_file` comes from a configuration file or CI/CD pipeline",
  "id": "PYSEC-2026-4256",
  "modified": "2026-10-15T14:38:02.188332Z",
  "published": "2026-10-15T10:22:47.806013Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://pypi.org/project/praisonai"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62176"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PraisonAI: Code Injection via f-string Interpolation in Deploy API Server Generation"
}

CVE-2026-62176 (GCVE-0-2026-62176)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 16:06 – Updated: 2026-10-07 16:57

Title

PraisonAI: Code Injection via f-string Interpolation in Deploy API Server Generation

Summary

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 4.6.78, the `deploy/api.py` module generates Python server code by directly interpolating the `agents_file` parameter into an f-string that is then written to a file and executed via `subprocess.Popen()`. An attacker who controls the `agents_file` value (via CLI argument, configuration, or upstream API) can inject arbitrary Python code. Version 4.6.78 patches the issue.

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-07 16:57 UTC

CWE

CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7909 records in the last 180 days details

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/securi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
MervinPraison	PraisonAI	Affected: < 4.6.78

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-62176",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-07T16:57:09.228475Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-07T16:57:30.065Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "PraisonAI",
          "vendor": "MervinPraison",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 4.6.78"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 4.6.78, the `deploy/api.py` module generates Python server code by directly interpolating the `agents_file` parameter into an f-string that is then written to a file and executed via `subprocess.Popen()`. An attacker who controls the `agents_file` value (via CLI argument, configuration, or upstream API) can inject arbitrary Python code. Version 4.6.78 patches the issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-07T16:06:56.016Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "PraisonAI: Code Injection via f-string Interpolation in Deploy API Server Generation"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-62176",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-07T16:06:56.016Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-13T14:16:29.574Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-07T16:57:30.065Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

GHSA-G6J7-PFFP-8WHG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-07 16:05 – Updated: 2026-10-07 16:05

Summary

PraisonAI: Code Injection via f-string Interpolation in Deploy API Server Generation

Details

Summary

Details

src/praisonai/praisonai/deploy/api.py (line 80):

code = f'''...
    praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file="{agents_file}")
...
    "agent_file": "{agents_file}"
...'''

The generated code is then executed (line 190):

subprocess.Popen(['python', server_file])

agents_file is never sanitized or validated. A malicious value breaks out of the string context:

agents_file = '"); import os; os.system("id"); #'
# Generated code becomes:
# praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=""); import os; os.system("id"); #")

The same pattern exists in deploy/docker.py (line 33) for Dockerfile generation.

PoC

# The injection:
agents_file = '"); import os; os.system("id"); #'

# What the generated code looks like:
template = f'praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file="{agents_file}")'
print(template)
# Output: praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=""); import os; os.system("id"); #")

Impact

Arbitrary code execution on the machine running the deploy command
Supply chain risk if agents_file comes from a configuration file or CI/CD pipeline

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.6.77"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "PraisonAI"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.6.78"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-62176"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-07T16:05:53Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nThe `deploy/api.py` module generates Python server code by directly interpolating the `agents_file` parameter into an f-string that is then written to a file and executed via `subprocess.Popen()`. An attacker who controls the `agents_file` value (via CLI argument, configuration, or upstream API) can inject arbitrary Python code.\n\n### Details\n\n`src/praisonai/praisonai/deploy/api.py` (line 80):\n\n```python\ncode = f\u0027\u0027\u0027...\n    praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=\"{agents_file}\")\n...\n    \"agent_file\": \"{agents_file}\"\n...\u0027\u0027\u0027\n```\n\nThe generated code is then executed (line 190):\n```python\nsubprocess.Popen([\u0027python\u0027, server_file])\n```\n\n`agents_file` is never sanitized or validated. A malicious value breaks out of the string context:\n\n```python\nagents_file = \u0027\"); import os; os.system(\"id\"); #\u0027\n# Generated code becomes:\n# praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=\"\"); import os; os.system(\"id\"); #\")\n```\n\nThe same pattern exists in `deploy/docker.py` (line 33) for Dockerfile generation.\n\n\n### PoC\n\n```python\n# The injection:\nagents_file = \u0027\"); import os; os.system(\"id\"); #\u0027\n\n# What the generated code looks like:\ntemplate = f\u0027praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=\"{agents_file}\")\u0027\nprint(template)\n# Output: praisonai = PraisonAI(agent_file=\"\"); import os; os.system(\"id\"); #\")\n```\n\n### Impact\n- **Arbitrary code execution** on the machine running the deploy command\n- **Supply chain risk** if `agents_file` comes from a configuration file or CI/CD pipeline",
  "id": "GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg",
  "modified": "2026-10-07T16:05:53Z",
  "published": "2026-10-07T16:05:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-g6j7-pffp-8whg"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PraisonAI: Code Injection via f-string Interpolation in Deploy API Server Generation"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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PYSEC-2026-4256

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

CVE-2026-62176 (GCVE-0-2026-62176)

GHSA-G6J7-PFFP-8WHG

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

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