Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-X4FP-GJPV-C6R5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-01 12:30 – Updated: 2025-12-01 15:30

Details

Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version < 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.

Root Cause: The bRPC json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.

Affected Scenarios: Use bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from untrusted input.

How to Fix: (Choose one of the following options) 1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue. 2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099

Note: No matter which option

you choose, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:

ProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.

If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-59789"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-674"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-01T11:15:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version \u003c 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.\n\nRoot Cause:\nThe bRPC\u00a0json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.\n\nAffected Scenarios:\nUse bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use\u00a0JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from\u00a0untrusted input.\n\n\n\nHow to Fix: \n(Choose one of the following options)\u00a0\n1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.\n2. Apply this patch:  https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099 \n\n\n\nNote:\nNo matter which option \n\nyou choose, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:\u00a0\n\nProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit.",
  "id": "GHSA-x4fp-gjpv-c6r5",
  "modified": "2025-12-01T15:30:17Z",
  "published": "2025-12-01T12:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59789"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/ozmcsztcpxn61jxod8jo8q46jo0oc1zx"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/01/1"
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    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-59789 (GCVE-0-2025-59789)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-01 10:22 – Updated: 2025-12-01 15:05

Title

Apache bRPC: Stack Exhaustion via Unbounded Recursion in JSON Parser

Summary

Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version < 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data. Root Cause: The bRPC json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow. Affected Scenarios: Use bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from untrusted input. How to Fix: (Choose one of the following options) 1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue. 2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099 Note: No matter which option you choose, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions: ProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage. If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-12-01 15:04 UTC

CWE

CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion

Assigner

apache mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://lists.apache.org/thread/ozmcsztcpxn61jxod…	vendor-advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/01/1

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Apache Software Foundation	Apache bRPC	Affected: 0 , < 1.15.0 (semver)

Credits

Tyler Zars

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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GHSA-X4FP-GJPV-C6R5

CVE-2025-59789 (GCVE-0-2025-59789)

Tags

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