GHSA-W727-8J6C-2RJ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-03 19:03 – Updated: 2026-09-03 19:03Summary
Orval's zod schema generation emits a schema's default value as a module-level template literal (export const …Default =;) without escaping ${ or the backtick. A default of the form v${<code>}w injects a live JavaScript expression that is evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, executing attacker-controlled code at import — no request or function call needed. Verified on Orval 8.19.0; survives default OpenAPI validation.
Details
export const getIResponseDsDefault = `v${globalThis.ORVPWN()}w`;
${...} permits an arbitrary JS expression. Orval escapes its other value sinks (enum, mock, regex, object-default values) with \' inside single-quoted strings; the string default is the one value emitted as a backtick template literal, so ${...}/backtick are interpreted, not escaped. Distinct from the URL-template-literal cases (different field and sink) and from the published Orval CVEs (summary/MCP, x-enumDescriptions, const/mock).
PoC
reproduce.sh (+ make_spec.py) attached: generates the zod schema with default validation, bundles it, imports it, and shows a marker written at import. Verified on 8.19.0.
Impact
Code execution at import in any application that imports a zod schema module generated from an attacker-controlled or attacker-influenced OpenAPI description.
Suggested fix
Emit default values via a proper string-literal encoder (JSON.stringify, or escape backtick and ${ if a template literal must be used); never interpolate a spec value into a template literal.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "orval"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.21.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-72717"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-116",
"CWE-1336",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-03T19:03:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-19T18:17:25Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nOrval\u0027s zod schema generation emits a schema\u0027s `default` value as a module-level template literal (`export const \u2026Default = `\u003cdefault\u003e`;`) without escaping `${` or the backtick. A default of the form `v${\u003ccode\u003e}w` injects a live JavaScript expression that is evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, executing attacker-controlled code at import \u2014 no request or function call needed. Verified on Orval 8.19.0; survives default OpenAPI validation.\n\n### Details\n\n```ts\nexport const getIResponseDsDefault = `v${globalThis.ORVPWN()}w`;\n```\n\n`${...}` permits an arbitrary JS expression. Orval escapes its other value sinks (enum, mock, regex, object-default values) with `\\\u0027` inside single-quoted strings; the string `default` is the one value emitted as a backtick template literal, so `${...}`/backtick are interpreted, not escaped. Distinct from the URL-template-literal cases (different field and sink) and from the published Orval CVEs (summary/MCP, x-enumDescriptions, const/mock).\n\n### PoC\n\n`reproduce.sh` (+ `make_spec.py`) attached: generates the zod schema with default validation, bundles it, imports it, and shows a marker written at import. Verified on 8.19.0.\n\n### Impact\n\nCode execution at import in any application that imports a zod schema module generated from an attacker-controlled or attacker-influenced OpenAPI description.\n\n### Suggested fix\n\nEmit `default` values via a proper string-literal encoder (JSON.stringify, or escape backtick and ${ if a template literal must be used); never interpolate a spec value into a template literal. \n\n[maintainer-report.txt](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/29399048/maintainer-report.txt)\n[make_spec.py](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/29399049/make_spec.py)\n[reproduce.sh](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/29399050/reproduce.sh)",
"id": "GHSA-w727-8j6c-2rj4",
"modified": "2026-09-03T19:03:03Z",
"published": "2026-09-03T19:03:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/security/advisories/GHSA-w727-8j6c-2rj4"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72717"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/pull/3692"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/commit/8ef1bfdf3f9bcaf9dabfbe2e42887f1c0e159ab6"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/releases/tag/v8.21.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Orval: Import-time RCE via schema default -\u003e zod module-level template literal"
}
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
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- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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