Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-P46M-G734-VPC4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-26 15:31 – Updated: 2026-08-26 15:31

Summary

cakephp/debug_kit: MailPreview contains unsafe reflection

Details

Impact

The MailPreview feature of debugkit is vulnerable to arbitrary constructor execution. For an application to be vulnerable the following conditions must be true:

debug mode must be enabled.
The hostname must match a 'local' domain or be in an allowlist.

Patches

5.2.4 and 4.10.3 contain patches for this issue.

Workarounds

Ensure that debugkit is only part of your development dependencies, and that debug mode is disabled in production environments.

Severity

4.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

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JSON

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "cakephp/debug_kit"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.10.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "cakephp/debug_kit"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.2.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-54614"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-26T15:31:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThe `MailPreview` feature of debugkit is vulnerable to arbitrary constructor execution. For an application to be vulnerable the following conditions must be true:\n\n1. `debug` mode must be enabled.\n2. The hostname must match a \u0027local\u0027 domain or be in an allowlist.\n\n### Patches\n5.2.4 and 4.10.3 contain patches for this issue.\n\n### Workarounds\nEnsure that debugkit is only part of your development dependencies, and that debug mode is disabled in production environments.",
  "id": "GHSA-p46m-g734-vpc4",
  "modified": "2026-08-26T15:31:01Z",
  "published": "2026-08-26T15:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/security/advisories/GHSA-p46m-g734-vpc4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/pull/1078"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/commit/7c4d85e984c2334b0f50cd02578a927ff9649e13"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/commit/c8a2a9e07d56a5e212d95f6947f370f3b5e6eed6"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/releases/tag/4.10.3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/releases/tag/5.2.4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "cakephp/debug_kit: MailPreview contains unsafe reflection"
}

CVE-2026-54614 (GCVE-0-2026-54614)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-26 15:30 – Updated: 2026-08-29 02:40

Title

DebugKit: MailPreview contains unsafe reflection

Summary

DebugKit provides a debugging toolbar for CakePHP applications. Prior to 4.10.3 and 5.2.4, the DebugKit MailPreview feature in src/Controller/MailPreviewController.php accepts a route-controlled previewName value in findPreview and passes the resolved class from App::className() to constructor execution without rejecting namespace separators or verifying that the class extends DebugKit\Mailer\MailPreview. An attacker able to access DebugKit while debug mode is enabled and the request hostname is local or allowlisted can select an unintended application class through the mail-preview preview route, resulting in arbitrary constructor execution and limited disclosure of application information. This issue is fixed in versions 4.10.3 and 5.2.4.

Severity

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-29 02:39 UTC

CWE

CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7637 records in the last 180 days details

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/pull/1078	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/commit/7c4d8…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/commit/c8a2a…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/releases/tag…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/releases/tag/5.2.4	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
cakephp	debug_kit	Affected: < 4.10.3 Affected: >= 5.0.0, < 5.2.4

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JSON

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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-54614",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-08-29T02:39:54.252351Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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              "type": "ssvc"
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        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-08-29T02:40:09.901Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "debug_kit",
          "vendor": "cakephp",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 4.10.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 5.0.0, \u003c 5.2.4"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "DebugKit provides a debugging toolbar for CakePHP applications. Prior to 4.10.3 and 5.2.4, the DebugKit MailPreview feature in src/Controller/MailPreviewController.php accepts a route-controlled previewName value in findPreview and passes the resolved class from App::className() to constructor execution without rejecting namespace separators or verifying that the class extends DebugKit\\Mailer\\MailPreview. An attacker able to access DebugKit while debug mode is enabled and the request hostname is local or allowlisted can select an unintended application class through the mail-preview preview route, resulting in arbitrary constructor execution and limited disclosure of application information. This issue is fixed in versions 4.10.3 and 5.2.4."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
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      ],
      "problemTypes": [
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          "descriptions": [
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              "cweId": "CWE-470",
              "description": "CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code (\u0027Unsafe Reflection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-26T15:30:23.966Z",
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      },
      "references": [
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          "name": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/security/advisories/GHSA-p46m-g734-vpc4",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
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          "url": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/security/advisories/GHSA-p46m-g734-vpc4"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/pull/1078",
          "tags": [
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        {
          "name": "https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit/commit/c8a2a9e07d56a5e212d95f6947f370f3b5e6eed6",
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        {
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          "tags": [
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        },
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          "tags": [
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        "advisory": "GHSA-p46m-g734-vpc4",
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      "title": "DebugKit: MailPreview contains unsafe reflection"
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    "datePublished": "2026-08-26T15:30:23.966Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-15T19:45:23.541Z",
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    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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