Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-H74C-Q9J7-MPCM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-10 00:03 – Updated: 2026-07-10 00:03

Summary

Tesla vulnerable to atom exhaustion via untrusted URL scheme

Details

Summary

In the Mint adapter for the Tesla HTTP client library, Tesla.Adapter.Mint.open_conn/2 passes the URL scheme of every outgoing request through String.to_atom/1 with no allow-list validation. Because BEAM atoms are permanent (never garbage-collected) and the atom table is bounded at roughly 1,048,576 entries, an attacker who can vary the URL scheme across requests can mint one fresh atom per request and eventually exhaust the table, crashing the VM.

Details

Vulnerable call (lib/tesla/adapter/mint.ex, open_conn/2): the scheme field parsed from the request URI is passed directly to String.to_atom/1 before being forwarded to Mint.HTTP.connect/4. Even though Mint raises for unrecognised schemes, the atom is already interned by that point. The function's HTTPS-branch guard confirms that no scheme normalisation occurs beforehand.

The attack surface has two entry points. First, any application-level URL-forwarding feature (webhook relay, link preview, SSRF-style proxy) where untrusted input reaches Tesla.get/2 or equivalent. Second, any pipeline that includes Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects: a server under the attacker's control can return a Location header with a novel scheme, triggering the atom creation on the redirect follow.

PoC

Stand up any application that accepts a user-supplied URL and forwards it through Tesla.Adapter.Mint.
Send requests to the application, each with a distinct, previously unseen URL scheme (e.g. atk1://, atk2://, ...).
Each request interns one new permanent atom; Mint rejects the connection but the atom persists.
After approximately 1,000,000 requests the BEAM atom table is exhausted and the VM crashes.

Impact

High severity (CVSS v4.0: 8.2). Any application using tesla 1.3.0 through 1.18.2 with Tesla.Adapter.Mint that allows untrusted input to influence request URLs is vulnerable to remote denial of service. No authentication or special privileges are required beyond access to the application's HTTP endpoint. Fixed in tesla 1.18.3.

Configurations

The application must use Tesla.Adapter.Mint and either expose a feature that forwards attacker-controlled URLs to Tesla, or include Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects in the middleware pipeline.

References

Introduction commit: https://github.com/elixir-tesla/tesla/commit/ccd0823d4ba37581a37d8f6108f9a81b263237ef
Patch commit: https://github.com/elixir-tesla/tesla/commit/4699c3cb3e2fd6078f99f45f11cf7466aeedbf0e

Severity

8.2 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Hex",
        "name": "tesla"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.18.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-48597"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-10T00:03:51Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-02T20:16:38Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nIn the Mint adapter for the Tesla HTTP client library, `Tesla.Adapter.Mint.open_conn/2` passes the URL scheme of every outgoing request through `String.to_atom/1` with no allow-list validation. Because BEAM atoms are permanent (never garbage-collected) and the atom table is bounded at roughly 1,048,576 entries, an attacker who can vary the URL scheme across requests can mint one fresh atom per request and eventually exhaust the table, crashing the VM.\n\n### Details\n\n**Vulnerable call** (`lib/tesla/adapter/mint.ex`, `open_conn/2`): the scheme field parsed from the request URI is passed directly to `String.to_atom/1` before being forwarded to `Mint.HTTP.connect/4`. Even though `Mint` raises for unrecognised schemes, the atom is already interned by that point. The function\u0027s HTTPS-branch guard confirms that no scheme normalisation occurs beforehand.\n\nThe attack surface has two entry points. First, any application-level URL-forwarding feature (webhook relay, link preview, SSRF-style proxy) where untrusted input reaches `Tesla.get/2` or equivalent. Second, any pipeline that includes `Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects`: a server under the attacker\u0027s control can return a `Location` header with a novel scheme, triggering the atom creation on the redirect follow.\n\n### PoC\n\n1. Stand up any application that accepts a user-supplied URL and forwards it through `Tesla.Adapter.Mint`.\n2. Send requests to the application, each with a distinct, previously unseen URL scheme (e.g. `atk1://`, `atk2://`, ...).\n3. Each request interns one new permanent atom; `Mint` rejects the connection but the atom persists.\n4. After approximately 1,000,000 requests the BEAM atom table is exhausted and the VM crashes.\n\n### Impact\n\nHigh severity (CVSS v4.0: 8.2). Any application using `tesla` 1.3.0 through 1.18.2 with `Tesla.Adapter.Mint` that allows untrusted input to influence request URLs is vulnerable to remote denial of service. No authentication or special privileges are required beyond access to the application\u0027s HTTP endpoint. Fixed in tesla 1.18.3.\n\n### Configurations\n\nThe application must use `Tesla.Adapter.Mint` and either expose a feature that forwards attacker-controlled URLs to Tesla, or include `Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects` in the middleware pipeline.\n\n### References\n\n* Introduction commit: https://github.com/elixir-tesla/tesla/commit/ccd0823d4ba37581a37d8f6108f9a81b263237ef\n* Patch commit: https://github.com/elixir-tesla/tesla/commit/4699c3cb3e2fd6078f99f45f11cf7466aeedbf0e",
  "id": "GHSA-h74c-q9j7-mpcm",
  "modified": "2026-07-10T00:03:51Z",
  "published": "2026-07-10T00:03:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/elixir-tesla/tesla/security/advisories/GHSA-h74c-q9j7-mpcm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48597"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/elixir-tesla/tesla/commit/4699c3cb3e2fd6078f99f45f11cf7466aeedbf0e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-48597.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/elixir-tesla/tesla"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-48597"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Tesla vulnerable to atom exhaustion via untrusted URL scheme"
}

CVE-2026-48597 (GCVE-0-2026-48597)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-02 19:08 – Updated: 2026-06-04 04:45

Title

Atom table exhaustion via untrusted URL scheme in Tesla.Adapter.Mint

Summary

Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in elixir-tesla tesla allows denial of service via atom table exhaustion in Tesla.Adapter.Mint. Tesla.Adapter.Mint.open_conn/2 converts the URL scheme of every outgoing request to a BEAM atom via String.to_atom(uri.scheme) with no allow-list validation. BEAM atoms are never garbage-collected and the atom table is bounded (approximately 1,048,576 entries by default). An attacker who can influence the URL of a Tesla request — either via an application-level URL-forwarding feature (webhook, proxy, importer) or via a Location header returned by a server when Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects is in the pipeline — can mint one fresh permanent atom per request by varying the scheme string. After enough requests the atom table fills and the VM crashes, taking down the entire application. This issue affects tesla: from 1.3.0 before 1.18.3.

Severity

8.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Assigner

EEF

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/elixir-tesla/tesla/security/ad…	vendor-advisoryrelated
https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-48597.html	related
https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-48597	related
https://github.com/elixir-tesla/tesla/commit/4699…	patch

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
elixir-tesla	tesla	Affected: 1.3.0 , < 1.18.3 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:elixir-tesla:tesla::::::::
elixir-tesla	tesla	Affected: ccd0823d4ba37581a37d8f6108f9a81b263237ef , < 4699c3cb3e2fd6078f99f45f11cf7466aeedbf0e (git) cpe:2.3:a:elixir-tesla:tesla::::::::

Credits

Peter Ullrich Yordis Prieto Jonatan Männchen

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

GHSA-H74C-Q9J7-MPCM

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

Configurations

References

CVE-2026-48597 (GCVE-0-2026-48597)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature