FKIE_CVE-2026-54496

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-07-17 17:17 - Updated: 2026-07-17 18:45
Severity
9.3 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L
Summary
ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2_gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assign_advice() for the base point without a copy constraint tying it to the actual base, allowing a malicious prover to produce a valid proof for an Orchard Action with an under-constrained base point and bypass the diversified-address-integrity check that binds pk_d, g_d, ivk, the nullifier (nf), and the spend validating key (ak) to the note being spent. This issue is fixed in zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0.
References
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases/tag/v5.0.0
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-ww9q-8r59-xv46
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/zcash/halo2/releases/tag/halo2_gadgets-0.5.0
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/releases/tag/zcash_primitives-0.28.0
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/zcash/orchard/releases/tag/0.14.0
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/zcash/zcash/releases/tag/v6.20.0
security-advisories@github.comhttps://zfnd.org/zebra-4-5-3-and-5-0-0-emergency-soft-fork-and-nu6-2-activation
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "zebra",
          "vendor": "ZcashFoundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 5.0.0"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "halo2_gadgets",
          "vendor": "zcash",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 0.5.0"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "orchard",
          "vendor": "zcash",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 0.14.0"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "librustzcash",
          "vendor": "zcash",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 0.28.0"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "product": "zcash",
          "vendor": "zcash",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 6.20.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2_gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assign_advice() for the base point without a copy constraint tying it to the actual base, allowing a malicious prover to produce a valid proof for an Orchard Action with an under-constrained base point and bypass the diversified-address-integrity check that binds pk_d, g_d, ivk, the nullifier (nf), and the spend validating key (ak) to the note being spent. This issue is fixed in zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-54496",
  "lastModified": "2026-07-17T18:45:20.713",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "baseScore": 9.3,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 4.7,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-54496",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-07-17T17:23:34.445671Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-07-17T17:17:16.620",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases/tag/v5.0.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-ww9q-8r59-xv46"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/zcash/halo2/releases/tag/halo2_gadgets-0.5.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/releases/tag/zcash_primitives-0.28.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/zcash/orchard/releases/tag/0.14.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/zcash/zcash/releases/tag/v6.20.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://zfnd.org/zebra-4-5-3-and-5-0-0-emergency-soft-fork-and-nu6-2-activation"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-345"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}



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