Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-345

Discouraged

Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.

1088 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-82549 (GCVE-0-2026-82549)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-30 15:30 – Updated: 2026-08-30 15:30 X_Open Source

Title

Linux Foundation Magma SecurityModeComplete integrity check

Summary

A vulnerability was identified in Linux Foundation Magma 1.9.0. This affects an unknown function of the component SecurityModeComplete Handler. Such manipulation leads to improper validation of integrity check value. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:P

8.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

8.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

CWE

CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

VulDB mitre root

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/397065	vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/vuln/397065/cti	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-82549	third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/891574	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/magma/magma/issues/16024	exploitissue-tracking
https://www.linuxfoundation.org/	product

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux Foundation	Magma	Affected: 1.9.0 cpe:2.3:o:linux_foundation:magma::::::::

Credits

shovon0203 (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
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          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:o:linux_foundation:magma:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
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          "modules": [
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.9.0"
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          "lang": "en",
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          "value": "shovon0203 (VulDB User)"
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          "lang": "en",
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      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
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          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
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            "version": "3.0"
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            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
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              "cweId": "CWE-354",
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              "description": "Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity",
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          "name": "VDB-397065 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC)",
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          "name": "CVE-2026-82549 | CVE Analysis and Report",
          "tags": [
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          "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-82549"
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          "name": "Submit #891574 | Linux Foundation Projects Magma 5G v1.9.0 Missing Support for Integrity Check",
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          "tags": [
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          "lang": "en",
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CVE-2026-82465 (GCVE-0-2026-82465)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-29 16:35 – Updated: 2026-08-29 16:35

Title

pac4j-saml before 6.5.6 Session Destruction via Unsigned LogoutRequest

Summary

pac4j-saml before 6.5.6 does not require signature validation of SAML LogoutRequest messages in SAML2LogoutValidator.validateLogoutRequest(). When an IdP sends no SessionIndex, a session can be destroyed based solely on the NameID, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to submit an unsigned LogoutRequest with a guessed identifier (e.g., an email address used as NameID) to terminate a victim's SAML session.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

CWE

CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/pac4j/pac4j/commit/2270c3ff70e…	patch
https://www.pac4j.org/blog/security-advisory-pac4…	vendor-advisory
https://github.com/pac4j/pac4j/blob/pac4j-parent-…	technical-description
https://github.com/pac4j/pac4j	product
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/pac4j-saml-b…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
pac4j	pac4j	Affected: 0 , < 6.5.6 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:pac4j:pac4j::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-24 00:00

Credits

Joshua Rogers (AISLE Research)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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      "affected": [
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
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        }
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            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
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            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
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CVE-2026-82462 (GCVE-0-2026-82462)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-29 16:35 – Updated: 2026-08-29 16:35

Title

pac4j-oidc before 6.5.6 Authentication Bypass via Access Token Substitution

Summary

pac4j-oidc before 6.5.6 accepts OIDC callbacks carrying only an access token without authorization code or ID token validation. Attackers can substitute access tokens minted for other clients to create authenticated sessions without proper issuer, audience, nonce, or subject verification.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CWE

CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/pac4j/pac4j/commit/2270c3ff70e…	patch
https://www.pac4j.org/blog/security-advisory-pac4…	vendor-advisory
https://github.com/pac4j/pac4j/blob/pac4j-parent-…	technical-description
https://github.com/pac4j/pac4j	product
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/pac4j-oidc-b…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
pac4j	pac4j	Affected: 0 , < 6.5.6 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:pac4j:pac4j::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-24 00:00

Credits

Joshua Rogers (AISLE Research)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageURL": "pkg:maven/org.pac4j/pac4j-parent",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
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CVE-2026-82017 (GCVE-0-2026-82017)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 21:09 – Updated: 2026-08-28 21:09

Title

IGEL OS 12 / 11 Boot Registry Parameter Injection via Unsigned Configuration Area

Summary

IGEL OS 12 before 12.7.6 and IGEL OS 11 before 11.11.150 contain a boot registry parameter injection vulnerability that allows attackers with physical access to execute arbitrary Linux loader parameters by writing to an unencrypted and unsigned configuration area read by the signed bootloader. Attackers can inject malicious kernel command line parameters that execute with boot environment privileges without triggering TPM PCR measurement failures, as the attack does not modify the measured boot code.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

7.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://kb.igel.com/en/security-safety/current/is…	vendor-advisorypatch
https://blog.amberwolf.com/blog/2026/august/thin-…	technical-description
https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2034/DEF%20CON…
https://github.com/AmberWolfCyber/DEFCON34-ThinCl…	exploit
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/igel-os-12-1…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
IGEL	IGEL OS 12	Affected: 12.0.0 , < 12.7.6 (semver)
IGEL	IGEL OS 11	Affected: 11.0.0 , < 11.11.150 (semver)

Date Public

2026-06-16 00:00

Credits

Darren McDonald from AmberWolf

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "IGEL OS 12",
          "vendor": "IGEL",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "12.7.6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "12.0.0",
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CVE-2026-81706 (GCVE-0-2026-81706)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 14:51 – Updated: 2026-08-27 17:38

Title

openssl_encrypt before 1.4.9 Key Substitution via Identity Shadowing

Summary

openssl_encrypt before 1.4.9 fails to prevent namespace collisions between own identities and contacts in IdentityStore, allowing attackers to create shadowed contact entries invisible until the corresponding own identity is deleted. When the own identity is deleted, the shadowed contact becomes visible and resolves to the attacker's keys, enabling silent key substitution for encrypted files.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

6.8 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-27 17:38 UTC

CWE

CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/jahlives/openssl_encrypt/secur…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openssl-encr…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
jahlives	openssl_encrypt	Affected: 0 , < 1.4.9 (semver) Unaffected: 1.4.9 (semver)

Date Public

2026-08-12 00:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-81702 (GCVE-0-2026-81702)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 14:51 – Updated: 2026-08-27 14:51

Title

openssl_encrypt before 1.4.9 Key Substitution via Identity Load

Summary

openssl_encrypt before 1.4.9 fails to re-derive and validate fingerprints when loading identities from identity.json, allowing attackers to substitute public keys in identity stores. Attackers can replace legitimate public keys with their own while maintaining the claimed fingerprint, enabling silent key substitution where encryption uses attacker keys and signature verification appears valid.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/jahlives/openssl_encrypt/secur…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openssl-encr…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
jahlives	openssl_encrypt	Affected: 0 , < 1.4.9 (semver) Unaffected: 1.4.9 (semver)

Date Public

2026-08-12 00:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-78417 (GCVE-0-2026-78417)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-24 18:26 – Updated: 2026-08-28 17:33

Summary

Insufficient verification of data authenticity in the IronVNC client in Devolutions Remote Desktop Manager 2026.2.17.0 and earlier, 2026.1.24.0 and earlier, allows an on-path attacker to intercept and tamper with VNC sessions via automatic acceptance of the server's RSA key during RSA-AES authentication.

Severity

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-28 17:33 UTC

CWE

CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

DEVOLUTIONS mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://devolutions.net/security/advisories/DEVO-…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Devolutions	Remote Desktop Manager	Affected: 0 , < 2026.2.18 (custom)
Devolutions	Remote Desktop Manager	Affected: 0 , < 2026.1.25 (custom)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-76245 (GCVE-0-2026-76245)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 14:02 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:22

Title

stigmem Federation Peer Token Timestamp Validation Bypass

Summary

stigmem (pip package stigmem-node) version 0.9.0a1 contains a timestamp-handling mismatch in federation peer-token validation that can cause valid peer tokens to be incorrectly treated as expired. This affects the availability and reliability of authenticated federation flows on nodes using federation peer authentication paths. The issue is fixed in 0.9.0a2, which uses the canonical millisecond-based validation path.

Severity

7.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-20 13:41 UTC

CWE

CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/eidetic-labs/stigmem/security/…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/stigmem-fede…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
eidetic-labs	stigmem	Affected: 0 , < 0.9.0a2 (custom) Unaffected: 0.9.0a2 (custom)

Date Public

2026-05-19 00:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-75509 (GCVE-0-2026-75509)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-24 20:08 – Updated: 2026-08-25 16:42

Title

joserfc claim-validation bypass via array-typed single-string claims (iss/sub/jti)

Summary

joserfc is a Python library that provides an implementation of several JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE) standards. Prior to version 1.7.3, JWTClaimsRegistry applies membership matching to list-valued iss and sub claims, allowing an array-valued iss that contains the expected issuer to pass an intended equality check and enabling issuer-validation bypass. This issue is fixed in version 1.7.3.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-25 16:38 UTC

CWE

CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/authlib/joserfc/commit/76ee6a5…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
authlib	joserfc	Affected: < 1.7.3

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-74890 (GCVE-0-2026-74890)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 11:04 – Updated: 2026-08-17 14:43

Title

openssl_encrypt before 1.4.0 HMAC Authentication Bypass via Environment Variable

Summary

openssl_encrypt versions before 1.4.0 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in CamelliaCipher that disables HMAC tag generation and verification when the PYTEST_CURRENT_TEST environment variable is set. Attackers with code execution can set this environment variable to produce unauthenticated ciphertext and bypass integrity protection on encrypted data.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

5.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-17 14:43 UTC

CWE

CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/jahlives/openssl_encrypt/secur…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openssl-encr…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
jahlives	openssl_encrypt	Affected: 0 , < 1.4.0 (semver) Unaffected: 1.4.0 (semver)

Date Public

2026-02-10 00:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)

An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.

CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning

An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.

CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning

A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.

CAPEC-148: Content Spoofing

An adversary modifies content to make it contain something other than what the original content producer intended while keeping the apparent source of the content unchanged. The term content spoofing is most often used to describe modification of web pages hosted by a target to display the adversary's content instead of the owner's content. However, any content can be spoofed, including the content of email messages, file transfers, or the content of other network communication protocols. Content can be modified at the source (e.g. modifying the source file for a web page) or in transit (e.g. intercepting and modifying a message between the sender and recipient). Usually, the adversary will attempt to hide the fact that the content has been modified, but in some cases, such as with web site defacement, this is not necessary. Content Spoofing can lead to malware exposure, financial fraud (if the content governs financial transactions), privacy violations, and other unwanted outcomes.

CAPEC-218: Spoofing of UDDI/ebXML Messages

An attacker spoofs a UDDI, ebXML, or similar message in order to impersonate a service provider in an e-business transaction. UDDI, ebXML, and similar standards are used to identify businesses in e-business transactions. Among other things, they identify a particular participant, WSDL information for SOAP transactions, and supported communication protocols, including security protocols. By spoofing one of these messages an attacker could impersonate a legitimate business in a transaction or could manipulate the protocols used between a client and business. This could result in disclosure of sensitive information, loss of message integrity, or even financial fraud.

CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.

CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation

An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.

CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.

CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content

An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.

CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.

CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)

An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.

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