CVE-2026-77454 (GCVE-0-2026-77454)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-30 12:01 – Updated: 2026-08-31 15:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
exists/2 predicate silently dropped on limited relationships with a parent() filter in AshSql
Summary
Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a caller to bypass a scoping or authorization filter expressed as exists/2 over a relationship that declares both a limit (or from_many?) and a parent(...)-referencing filter or sort.
AshSql.Join.related_query/3 skips the caller-supplied exists predicate for such relationships and delegates it to limit_from_many/5. When the relationship's own filter or sort references parent(...), limit_from_many/5 takes a branch that drops both the limit and the predicate, emitting a bare correlated EXISTS with no predicate. The check then matches any record that has any related row. Most severely, when the expression backs a policy (for example authorize_if expr(exists(memberships, user_id == ^actor(:id)))), the actor-scoping condition disappears and the policy passes for any actor with any related row.
This issue affects ash_sql: from 0.4.1 before 0.7.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 14:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/security/a… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-77454.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-77454 | related |
| https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/commit/865… | patch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ash-project | ash_sql |
Affected:
0.4.1 , < 0.7.1
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
||
| ash-project | ash_sql |
Affected:
e26a63b29bd7501505fafd726f14262cdc3b6629 , < 865fdd4e5e70724a23b19c048e6768c31d2209ab
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eAn application must use \u003ccode\u003eexists/2\u003c/code\u003e (in a filter or a policy) over a relationship that declares both a limit or \u003ccode\u003efrom_many?\u003c/code\u003e and a filter or sort that references \u003ccode\u003eparent(...)\u003c/code\u003e. The predicate supplied to \u003ccode\u003eexists/2\u003c/code\u003e is the one that is dropped.\u003c/p\u003e"
},
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/markdown",
"value": "An application must use `exists/2` (in a filter or a policy) over a relationship that declares both a limit or `from_many?` and a filter or sort that references `parent(...)`. The predicate supplied to `exists/2` is the one that is dropped."
}
],
"value": "An application must use exists/2 (in a filter or a policy) over a relationship that declares both a limit or from_many? and a filter or sort that references parent(...). The predicate supplied to exists/2 is the one that is dropped."
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "0.7.1",
"versionStartIncluding": "0.4.1",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "AND"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Peter Ullrich"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "Peter Ullrich"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "remediation developer",
"value": "Zach Daniel / Ash Project"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "coordinator",
"value": "Jonatan M\u00e4nnchen / EEF"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIncorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a caller to bypass a scoping or authorization filter expressed as \u003ccode\u003eexists/2\u003c/code\u003e over a relationship that declares both a limit (or \u003ccode\u003efrom_many?\u003c/code\u003e) and a \u003ccode\u003eparent(...)\u003c/code\u003e-referencing filter or sort.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAshSql.Join.related_query/3\u003c/code\u003e skips the caller-supplied \u003ccode\u003eexists\u003c/code\u003e predicate for such relationships and delegates it to \u003ccode\u003elimit_from_many/5\u003c/code\u003e. When the relationship\u0027s own filter or sort references \u003ccode\u003eparent(...)\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003elimit_from_many/5\u003c/code\u003e takes a branch that drops both the limit and the predicate, emitting a bare correlated \u003ccode\u003eEXISTS\u003c/code\u003e with no predicate. The check then matches any record that has any related row. Most severely, when the expression backs a policy (for example \u003ccode\u003eauthorize_if expr(exists(memberships, user_id == ^actor(:id)))\u003c/code\u003e), the actor-scoping condition disappears and the policy passes for any actor with any related row.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects ash_sql: from 0.4.1 before 0.7.1.\u003c/p\u003e"
},
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/markdown",
"value": "Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a caller to bypass a scoping or authorization filter expressed as `exists/2` over a relationship that declares both a limit (or `from_many?`) and a `parent(...)`-referencing filter or sort.\n\n`AshSql.Join.related_query/3` skips the caller-supplied `exists` predicate for such relationships and delegates it to `limit_from_many/5`. When the relationship\u0027s own filter or sort references `parent(...)`, `limit_from_many/5` takes a branch that drops both the limit and the predicate, emitting a bare correlated `EXISTS` with no predicate. The check then matches any record that has any related row. Most severely, when the expression backs a policy (for example `authorize_if expr(exists(memberships, user_id == ^actor(:id)))`), the actor-scoping condition disappears and the policy passes for any actor with any related row.\n\nThis issue affects ash_sql: from 0.4.1 before 0.7.1."
}
],
"value": "Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a caller to bypass a scoping or authorization filter expressed as exists/2 over a relationship that declares both a limit (or from_many?) and a parent(...)-referencing filter or sort.\n\nAshSql.Join.related_query/3 skips the caller-supplied exists predicate for such relationships and delegates it to limit_from_many/5. When the relationship\u0027s own filter or sort references parent(...), limit_from_many/5 takes a branch that drops both the limit and the predicate, emitting a bare correlated EXISTS with no predicate. The check then matches any record that has any related row. Most severely, when the expression backs a policy (for example authorize_if expr(exists(memberships, user_id == ^actor(:id)))), the actor-scoping condition disappears and the policy passes for any actor with any related row.\n\nThis issue affects ash_sql: from 0.4.1 before 0.7.1."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-1",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-1 Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 5.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-863",
"description": "CWE-863 Incorrect Authorization",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-30T12:01:23.862Z",
"orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
"shortName": "EEF"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"related"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/security/advisories/GHSA-8v9m-8pxv-738c"
},
{
"tags": [
"related"
],
"url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-77454.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"related"
],
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-77454"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/commit/865fdd4e5e70724a23b19c048e6768c31d2209ab"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "exists/2 predicate silently dropped on limited relationships with a parent() filter in AshSql"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
"assignerShortName": "EEF",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-77454",
"datePublished": "2026-08-30T12:01:23.862Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-30T04:45:01.559Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-31T15:00:02.165Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.