Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-65625 (GCVE-0-2026-65625)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-26 19:52 – Updated: 2026-10-26 19:52

Title

Attacker-controlled AES-GCM authentication tag length allows tag forgery in jose

Summary

The pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in jose_jwa_aes derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the {aes_gcm, Bits} clause of block_decrypt/4, the incoming tag is guarded only by is_binary/1, with no check on its length. Verification in gcm_block_decrypt/6 then computes TBits = bit_size(T) and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds. This issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13.

Severity

5.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CWE

CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value

Assigner

EEF CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard A 97/100 over 345 records in the last 180 days details

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/securi…	vendor-advisoryrelated
https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-65625.html	related
https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-65625	related
https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit…	related
https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit…	patch

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
potatosalad	jose	Affected: 1.2.0 , < 1.11.13 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose::::::::
potatosalad	jose	Affected: 8848b172575fb7d7e1e2977e8ae0a21678d2157a , < 3fa1f8e3efda0da5ce6f4c9984789f979dc02740 (git) cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose::::::::

Credits

Peter Ullrich Andrew Bennett Jonatan Männchen / EEF

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "jose_jwa_aes"
          ],
          "packageName": "jose",
          "packageURL": "pkg:hex/jose",
          "product": "jose",
          "programFiles": [
            "src/jwa/jose_jwa_aes.erl"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
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              "name": "jose_jwa_aes:block_decrypt/4"
            },
            {
              "name": "jose_jwa_aes:gcm_block_decrypt/6"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
          "vendor": "potatosalad",
          "versions": [
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.2.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
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          ]
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          "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
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          "modules": [
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          ],
          "packageName": "potatosalad/erlang-jose",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
          "product": "jose",
          "programFiles": [
            "src/jwa/jose_jwa_aes.erl"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "jose_jwa_aes:block_decrypt/4"
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            },
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              "value": "This vulnerability is only exploitable when AES-GCM is handled by the pure-Erlang `jose_jwa_aes` fallback. That fallback is used on deployments where the Erlang/OTP `crypto` NIF does not expose native AES-GCM (for example FIPS builds, or stripped or older OTP releases). Deployments with a native AES-GCM crypto provider dispatch GCM through `crypto` and are not affected."
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        }
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          "type": "remediation developer",
          "value": "Andrew Bennett"
        },
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          "type": "analyst",
          "value": "Jonatan M\u00e4nnchen / EEF"
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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in \u003ccode\u003ejose_jwa_aes\u003c/code\u003e derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the \u003ccode\u003e{aes_gcm, Bits}\u003c/code\u003e clause of \u003ccode\u003eblock_decrypt/4\u003c/code\u003e, the incoming tag is guarded only by \u003ccode\u003eis_binary/1\u003c/code\u003e, with no check on its length. Verification in \u003ccode\u003egcm_block_decrypt/6\u003c/code\u003e then computes \u003ccode\u003eTBits = bit_size(T)\u003c/code\u003e and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13.\u003c/p\u003e"
            },
            {
              "base64": false,
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              "value": "The pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in `jose_jwa_aes` derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the `{aes_gcm, Bits}` clause of `block_decrypt/4`, the incoming tag is guarded only by `is_binary/1`, with no check on its length. Verification in `gcm_block_decrypt/6` then computes `TBits = bit_size(T)` and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds.\n\nThis issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13."
            }
          ],
          "value": "The pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in jose_jwa_aes derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the {aes_gcm, Bits} clause of block_decrypt/4, the incoming tag is guarded only by is_binary/1, with no check on its length. Verification in gcm_block_decrypt/6 then computes TBits = bit_size(T) and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds.\n\nThis issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-475",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-475 Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
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            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
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          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
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              "value": "GENERAL"
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      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
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              "description": "CWE-354 Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value",
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      "providerMetadata": {
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        "shortName": "EEF"
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          "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/security/advisories/GHSA-6gxw-6f7r-cjr6"
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        {
          "name": "EEF CNA record for CVE-2026-65625",
          "tags": [
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          "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-65625.html"
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        {
          "name": "OSV record EEF-CVE-2026-65625",
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        }
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      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
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      "title": "Attacker-controlled AES-GCM authentication tag length allows tag forgery in jose",
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        }
      ]
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "EEF",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-65625",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-26T19:52:54.987Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-22T13:55:59.401Z",
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    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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      "date": "2026-10-27",
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      "percentile": "0.01539"
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    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm",
                "cpes": [
                  "cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
                ],
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "modules": [
                  "jose_jwa_aes"
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                "packageName": "jose",
                "packageURL": "pkg:hex/jose",
                "product": "jose",
                "programFiles": [
                  "src/jwa/jose_jwa_aes.erl"
                ],
                "programRoutines": [
                  {
                    "name": "jose_jwa_aes:block_decrypt/4"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "jose_jwa_aes:gcm_block_decrypt/6"
                  }
                ],
                "repo": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
                "vendor": "potatosalad",
                "versions": [
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                    "lessThan": "1.11.13",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "1.2.0",
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              {
                "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
                "cpes": [
                  "cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
                ],
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "modules": [
                  "jose_jwa_aes"
                ],
                "packageName": "potatosalad/erlang-jose",
                "packageURL": "pkg:github/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
                "product": "jose",
                "programFiles": [
                  "src/jwa/jose_jwa_aes.erl"
                ],
                "programRoutines": [
                  {
                    "name": "jose_jwa_aes:block_decrypt/4"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "jose_jwa_aes:gcm_block_decrypt/6"
                  }
                ],
                "repo": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
                "vendor": "potatosalad",
                "versions": [
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                    "lessThan": "3fa1f8e3efda0da5ce6f4c9984789f979dc02740",
                    "status": "affected",
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        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "The pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in jose_jwa_aes derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the {aes_gcm, Bits} clause of block_decrypt/4, the incoming tag is guarded only by is_binary/1, with no check on its length. Verification in gcm_block_decrypt/6 then computes TBits = bit_size(T) and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds.\n\nThis issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-65625",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-27T15:00:49.240",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV40": [
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                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
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                "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "baseScore": 5.9,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
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                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
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              "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
              "type": "Secondary"
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          ]
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        "published": "2026-10-26T20:17:57.910",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-65625.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/3fa1f8e3efda0da5ce6f4c9984789f979dc02740"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/8848b172575fb7d7e1e2977e8ae0a21678d2157a"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/security/advisories/GHSA-6gxw-6f7r-cjr6"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-65625"
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        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
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                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-354"
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            ],
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

FKIE_CVE-2026-65625

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-10-26 20:17 - Updated: 2026-10-27 15:00

Severity

5.9 (Medium) - CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-65625.html
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/3fa1f8e3efda0da5ce6f4c9984789f979dc02740
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/8848b172575fb7d7e1e2977e8ae0a21678d2157a
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/security/advisories/GHSA-6gxw-6f7r-cjr6
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-65625

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "jose_jwa_aes"
          ],
          "packageName": "jose",
          "packageURL": "pkg:hex/jose",
          "product": "jose",
          "programFiles": [
            "src/jwa/jose_jwa_aes.erl"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "jose_jwa_aes:block_decrypt/4"
            },
            {
              "name": "jose_jwa_aes:gcm_block_decrypt/6"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
          "vendor": "potatosalad",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.11.13",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.2.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "jose_jwa_aes"
          ],
          "packageName": "potatosalad/erlang-jose",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
          "product": "jose",
          "programFiles": [
            "src/jwa/jose_jwa_aes.erl"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "jose_jwa_aes:block_decrypt/4"
            },
            {
              "name": "jose_jwa_aes:gcm_block_decrypt/6"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
          "vendor": "potatosalad",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "3fa1f8e3efda0da5ce6f4c9984789f979dc02740",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8848b172575fb7d7e1e2977e8ae0a21678d2157a",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "The pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in jose_jwa_aes derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the {aes_gcm, Bits} clause of block_decrypt/4, the incoming tag is guarded only by is_binary/1, with no check on its length. Verification in gcm_block_decrypt/6 then computes TBits = bit_size(T) and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds.\n\nThis issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-65625",
  "lastModified": "2026-10-27T15:00:49.240",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 5.9,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-10-26T20:17:57.910",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-65625.html"
    },
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/3fa1f8e3efda0da5ce6f4c9984789f979dc02740"
    },
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/8848b172575fb7d7e1e2977e8ae0a21678d2157a"
    },
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/security/advisories/GHSA-6gxw-6f7r-cjr6"
    },
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-65625"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-354"
        }
      ],
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

UBUNTU-CVE-2026-65625 (CVE-2026-65625)

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu – Published: 2026-10-27 00:00 – Updated: 2026-10-27 00:00 – Source website

Details

Severity

5.9 (Medium)


                    
                      CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

N/A (UNKNOWN)


                    
                      medium

References

URL

Type

	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-65625	REPORT
	https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-65625	REPORT
	https://cna.erlef.org/cves/cve-2026-65625.html	REPORT
	https://github.com	REPORT
	https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose	REPORT
	https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit…	REPORT
	https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit…	REPORT
	https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/securi…	REPORT
	https://hex.pm/packages/jose	REPORT
	https://repo.hex.pm	REPORT
	https://github.com/cveproject/cvelistv5/tree/main…	REPORT
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2026-65625	REPORT
	https://osv.dev/vulnerability/eef-cve-2026-65625	REPORT

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "jose",
            "binary_version": "10-2build1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libjose0",
            "binary_version": "10-2build1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:18.04:LTS",
        "name": "jose",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/jose@10-2build1?arch=source\u0026distro=bionic"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "10-2",
        "10-2build1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "jose",
            "binary_version": "10-2build2"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libjose0",
            "binary_version": "10-2build2"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:20.04:LTS",
        "name": "jose",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/jose@10-2build2?arch=source\u0026distro=focal"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "10-2build2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "jose",
            "binary_version": "11-2"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libjose0",
            "binary_version": "11-2"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:22.04:LTS",
        "name": "jose",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/jose@11-2?arch=source\u0026distro=jammy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "10-3",
        "11-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "jose",
            "binary_version": "13-1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libjose0",
            "binary_version": "13-1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:24.04:LTS",
        "name": "jose",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/jose@13-1?arch=source\u0026distro=noble"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "11-2",
        "11-3",
        "11-3build1",
        "11-3build2",
        "13-1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "jose",
            "binary_version": "14-2build2"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libjose0",
            "binary_version": "14-2build2"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:26.10",
        "name": "jose",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/jose@14-2build2?arch=source\u0026distro=stonking"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "14-2build1",
        "14-2build2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "jose",
            "binary_version": "14-2build1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "libjose0",
            "binary_version": "14-2build1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:26.04:LTS",
        "name": "jose",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/jose@14-2build1?arch=source\u0026distro=resolute"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "14-2build1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "details": "The pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in jose_jwa_aes derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the {aes_gcm, Bits} clause of block_decrypt/4, the incoming tag is guarded only by is_binary/1, with no check on its length. Verification in gcm_block_decrypt/6 then computes TBits = bit_size(T) and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds. This issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13.",
  "id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2026-65625",
  "modified": "2026-10-27T00:00:00Z",
  "published": "2026-10-27T00:00:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-65625"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-65625"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/cve-2026-65625.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/3fa1f8e3efda0da5ce6f4c9984789f979dc02740"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/8848b172575fb7d7e1e2977e8ae0a21678d2157a"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/security/advisories/ghsa-6gxw-6f7r-cjr6"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://hex.pm/packages/jose"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://repo.hex.pm"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/cveproject/cvelistv5/tree/main/cves/2026/65xxx/cve-2026-65625.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/cve-2026-65625"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/eef-cve-2026-65625"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    },
    {
      "score": "medium",
      "type": "Ubuntu"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-65625"
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-65625 (GCVE-0-2026-65625)

FKIE_CVE-2026-65625

UBUNTU-CVE-2026-65625 (CVE-2026-65625)

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