Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-42078 (GCVE-0-2026-42078)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-04 16:55 – Updated: 2026-05-04 18:38

Title

PPTAgent: Arbitrary File Write + Directory Creation via markdown_table_to_image

Summary

PPTAgent is an agentic framework for reflective PowerPoint generation. Prior to commit 418491a, PPTAgent is vulnerable to arbitrary file write and directory creation via markdown_table_to_image. This issue has been patched via commit 418491a.

Severity ?

4.6 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/commit/41849…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
icip-cas	PPTAgent	Affected: < 418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-42078",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-04T18:38:03.199383Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-04T18:38:50.608Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "PPTAgent",
          "vendor": "icip-cas",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "PPTAgent is an agentic framework for reflective PowerPoint generation. Prior to commit 418491a, PPTAgent is vulnerable to arbitrary file write and directory creation via markdown_table_to_image. This issue has been patched via commit 418491a."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 4.6,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-22",
              "description": "CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-04T16:56:52.563Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/security/advisories/GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/security/advisories/GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/commit/418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/commit/418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "PPTAgent: Arbitrary File Write + Directory Creation via markdown_table_to_image"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-42078",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-04T16:55:17.870Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-04-23T19:17:30.565Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-04T18:38:50.608Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-42078",
      "date": "2026-05-23",
      "epss": "0.00042",
      "percentile": "0.12975"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-42078\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2026-05-04T17:16:24.740\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-05-05T20:19:04.323\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Deferred\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"PPTAgent is an agentic framework for reflective PowerPoint generation. Prior to commit 418491a, PPTAgent is vulnerable to arbitrary file write and directory creation via markdown_table_to_image. This issue has been patched via commit 418491a.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L\",\"baseScore\":4.6,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"REQUIRED\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"LOW\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.1,\"impactScore\":2.5}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-22\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/commit/418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/security/advisories/GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-42078\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-05-04T18:38:03.199383Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-04T18:38:42.517Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"PPTAgent: Arbitrary File Write + Directory Creation via markdown_table_to_image\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 4.6, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L\", \"integrityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"userInteraction\": \"REQUIRED\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"icip-cas\", \"product\": \"PPTAgent\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c 418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/security/advisories/GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/security/advisories/GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/commit/418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/commit/418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"PPTAgent is an agentic framework for reflective PowerPoint generation. Prior to commit 418491a, PPTAgent is vulnerable to arbitrary file write and directory creation via markdown_table_to_image. This issue has been patched via commit 418491a.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-22\", \"description\": \"CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-04T16:56:52.563Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-42078\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-04T18:38:50.608Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-04-23T19:17:30.565Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-05-04T16:55:17.870Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}

FKIE_CVE-2026-42078

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-04 17:16 - Updated: 2026-05-05 20:19

Severity ?

4.6 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/commit/418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/security/advisories/GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "PPTAgent is an agentic framework for reflective PowerPoint generation. Prior to commit 418491a, PPTAgent is vulnerable to arbitrary file write and directory creation via markdown_table_to_image. This issue has been patched via commit 418491a."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-42078",
  "lastModified": "2026-05-05T20:19:04.323",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "baseScore": 4.6,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.1,
        "impactScore": 2.5,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-05-04T17:16:24.740",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/commit/418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/security/advisories/GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-22"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HRCW-XC63-G29M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-05 18:55 – Updated: 2026-05-05 18:55

Summary

PPTAgent: Arbitrary File Write + Directory Creation via markdown_table_to_image

Details

Summary

The markdown_table_to_image tool accepts a caller-controlled path parameter and passes it directly to get_html_table_image:

# pptagent/mcp_server.py:127-143
def markdown_table_to_image(markdown_table: str, path: str, css: str) -> str:
    """
    Args:
        path (str): The file path where the image will be saved
    """
    html = markdown_to_html(markdown_table)
    get_html_table_image(html, path, css)           # ← no path validation
    return f"Markdown table converted to image and saved to {path}"

# pptagent/utils.py:337-366
def get_html_table_image(html: str, output_path: str, css: str = None):
    parent_dir, base_name = os.path.split(output_path)
    if parent_dir and not os.path.exists(parent_dir):
        os.makedirs(parent_dir)                     # ← creates arbitrary directories
    hti = Html2Image(...)
    hti.screenshot(
        html_str=html,
        css_str=css,
        save_as=base_name,                          # ← writes image to any directory
        size=(1000, 600),
    )

os.makedirs(parent_dir) creates arbitrary directory trees, and Html2Image.screenshot writes the rendered image to parent_dir/base_name. Unlike download_file in the same project, there is no is_relative_to(workspace) guard. This behaviour can be fixed with the same pattern as the above.

Impact

The concrete attack scenarios include

SSH key replacement: path = "/home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys" — replaces the authorized_keys file with an image binary (breaks - SSH but could be an image crafted with a specific PNG/JPEG payload).
Web shell: path = "/var/www/html/uploads/shell.php" — writes the rendered PNG there; the file has the .php extension but PNG content; combined with Apache Options +MultiViews or file-include vulnerabilities could be dangerous.
Directory creation oracle: path = "/root/test/probe.png" — if the directory is created, confirms the target path exists; if it errors, reveals permissions information.

Severity ?

4.6 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "pptagent"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.36"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-42078"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-05T18:55:50Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-04T17:16:24Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nThe `markdown_table_to_image` tool accepts a caller-controlled path parameter and passes it directly to `get_html_table_image`:\n\n```python\n# pptagent/mcp_server.py:127-143\ndef markdown_table_to_image(markdown_table: str, path: str, css: str) -\u003e str:\n    \"\"\"\n    Args:\n        path (str): The file path where the image will be saved\n    \"\"\"\n    html = markdown_to_html(markdown_table)\n    get_html_table_image(html, path, css)           # \u2190 no path validation\n    return f\"Markdown table converted to image and saved to {path}\"\n\n# pptagent/utils.py:337-366\ndef get_html_table_image(html: str, output_path: str, css: str = None):\n    parent_dir, base_name = os.path.split(output_path)\n    if parent_dir and not os.path.exists(parent_dir):\n        os.makedirs(parent_dir)                     # \u2190 creates arbitrary directories\n    hti = Html2Image(...)\n    hti.screenshot(\n        html_str=html,\n        css_str=css,\n        save_as=base_name,                          # \u2190 writes image to any directory\n        size=(1000, 600),\n    )\n```\n\n`os.makedirs(parent_dir)` creates arbitrary directory trees, and `Html2Image.screenshot` writes the rendered image to `parent_dir/base_name`. Unlike `download_file` in the same project, there is no `is_relative_to(workspace)` guard. This behaviour can be fixed with the same pattern as the above.\n\n\n### Impact\n\nThe concrete attack scenarios include\n\n- SSH key replacement: `path = \"/home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys\"` \u2014 replaces the authorized_keys file with an image binary (breaks - SSH but could be an image crafted with a specific PNG/JPEG payload).\n- Web shell: `path = \"/var/www/html/uploads/shell.php\"` \u2014 writes the rendered PNG there; the file has the .php extension but PNG content; combined with Apache Options +MultiViews or file-include vulnerabilities could be dangerous.\n- Directory creation oracle: `path = \"/root/test/probe.png\"` \u2014 if the directory is created, confirms the target path exists; if it errors, reveals permissions information.",
  "id": "GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m",
  "modified": "2026-05-05T18:55:50Z",
  "published": "2026-05-05T18:55:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/security/advisories/GHSA-hrcw-xc63-g29m"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42078"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent/commit/418491a9a1c02d9d93194b5973bb58df35cf9d00"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/icip-cas/PPTAgent"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PPTAgent: Arbitrary File Write + Directory Creation via markdown_table_to_image"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-42078 (GCVE-0-2026-42078)

FKIE_CVE-2026-42078

GHSA-HRCW-XC63-G29M

Summary

Impact

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature