CVE-2026-40176 (GCVE-0-2026-40176)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-15 20:47 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Composer is vulnerable to Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Repository
Summary
Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method, which constructs shell commands by interpolating user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through these values in a malicious composer.json declaring a Perforce VCS repository, leading to command execution in the context of the user running Composer, even if Perforce is not installed. VCS repositories are only loaded from the root composer.json or the composer config directory, so this cannot be exploited through composer.json files of packages installed as dependencies. Users are at risk if they run Composer commands on untrusted projects with attacker-supplied composer.json files. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline).
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-16 14:16 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/composer/composer/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/composer/composer/releases/tag/2.9.6 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40176 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458828 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8165 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| composer | composer |
Affected:
>= 2.3, < 2.9.6
Affected: >= 1.0, < 2.2.27 |
guessed | |
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
2.9.7-1.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
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vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.