Vulnerability-Lookup

Vulnerability from bitnami_vulndb

Published

2026-04-18 08:36

Modified

2026-04-18 09:10

Summary

Composer is vulnerable to Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Repository

Details

Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method, which constructs shell commands by interpolating user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through these values in a malicious composer.json declaring a Perforce VCS repository, leading to command execution in the context of the user running Composer, even if Perforce is not installed. VCS repositories are only loaded from the root composer.json or the composer config directory, so this cannot be exploited through composer.json files of packages installed as dependencies. Users are at risk if they run Composer commands on untrusted projects with attacker-supplied composer.json files. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline).

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Bitnami",
        "name": "composer",
        "purl": "pkg:bitnami/composer"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.27"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "2.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.9.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "SEMVER"
        }
      ],
      "severity": [
        {
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "type": "CVSS_V3"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-40176"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cpes": [
      "cpe:2.3:a:getcomposer:composer:*:*:*:*:*:php:*:*"
    ],
    "severity": "High"
  },
  "details": "Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method, which constructs shell commands by interpolating user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through these values in a malicious composer.json declaring a Perforce VCS repository, leading to command execution in the context of the user running Composer, even if Perforce is not installed. VCS repositories are only loaded from the root composer.json or the composer config directory, so this cannot be exploited through composer.json files of packages installed as dependencies. Users are at risk if they run Composer commands on untrusted projects with attacker-supplied composer.json files. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline).",
  "id": "BIT-composer-2026-40176",
  "modified": "2026-04-18T09:10:03.541Z",
  "published": "2026-04-18T08:36:16.775Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/composer/composer/releases/tag/2.9.6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/composer/composer/security/advisories/GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40176"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.6.2",
  "summary": "Composer is vulnerable to Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Repository"
}

CVE-2026-40176 (GCVE-0-2026-40176)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-15 20:47 – Updated: 2026-04-16 14:16

Title

Composer is vulnerable to Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Repository

Summary

Severity ?

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

URL

Tags

	https://github.com/composer/composer/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
	https://github.com/composer/composer/releases/tag/2.9.6	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	composer	composer	Affected: >= 2.3, < 2.9.6 Affected: >= 1.0, < 2.2.27

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-40176",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-04-16T14:16:01.309579Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T14:16:39.968Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "composer",
          "vendor": "composer",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.3, \u003c 2.9.6"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 1.0, \u003c 2.2.27"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method, which constructs shell commands by interpolating user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through these values in a malicious composer.json declaring a Perforce VCS repository, leading to command execution in the context of the user running Composer, even if Perforce is not installed. VCS repositories are only loaded from the root composer.json or the composer config directory, so this cannot be exploited through composer.json files of packages installed as dependencies. Users are at risk if they run Composer commands on untrusted projects with attacker-supplied composer.json files. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline)."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-20",
              "description": "CWE-20: Improper Input Validation",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-78",
              "description": "CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-15T20:47:39.839Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/composer/composer/security/advisories/GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/composer/composer/security/advisories/GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/composer/composer/releases/tag/2.9.6",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/composer/composer/releases/tag/2.9.6"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Composer is vulnerable to Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Repository"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-40176",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-15T20:47:39.839Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-04-09T20:59:17.619Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T14:16:39.968Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

Vulnerability from bitnami_vulndb

CVE-2026-40176 (GCVE-0-2026-40176)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature