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CVE-2026-23231 (GCVE-0-2026-23231)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-04 12:58 – Updated: 2026-09-08 08:45
VLAI
Title
netfilter: nf_tables: fix use-after-free in nf_tables_addchain()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: fix use-after-free in nf_tables_addchain() nf_tables_addchain() publishes the chain to table->chains via list_add_tail_rcu() (in nft_chain_add()) before registering hooks. If nf_tables_register_hook() then fails, the error path calls nft_chain_del() (list_del_rcu()) followed by nf_tables_chain_destroy() with no RCU grace period in between. This creates two use-after-free conditions: 1) Control-plane: nf_tables_dump_chains() traverses table->chains under rcu_read_lock(). A concurrent dump can still be walking the chain when the error path frees it. 2) Packet path: for NFPROTO_INET, nf_register_net_hook() briefly installs the IPv4 hook before IPv6 registration fails. Packets entering nft_do_chain() via the transient IPv4 hook can still be dereferencing chain->blob_gen_X when the error path frees the chain. Add synchronize_rcu() between nft_chain_del() and the chain destroy so that all RCU readers -- both dump threads and in-flight packet evaluation -- have finished before the chain is freed.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-16 20:18 UTC
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 91c7b38dc9f0de4f7f444b796d14476bc12df7bc , < 2a6586ecfa4ce1413daaafee250d2590e05f1a33 (git)
Affected: 91c7b38dc9f0de4f7f444b796d14476bc12df7bc , < 7017745068a9068904e1e7a1b170a5785647cc81 (git)
Affected: 91c7b38dc9f0de4f7f444b796d14476bc12df7bc , < f3fe58ce37926a10115ede527d59b91bcc05400a (git)
Affected: 91c7b38dc9f0de4f7f444b796d14476bc12df7bc , < dbd0af8083dd201f07c49110b2ee93710abdff28 (git)
Affected: 91c7b38dc9f0de4f7f444b796d14476bc12df7bc , < 2f9a4ffeb763aec822f8ff3d1e82202d27d46d4b (git)
Affected: 91c7b38dc9f0de4f7f444b796d14476bc12df7bc , < 71e99ee20fc3f662555118cf1159443250647533 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 3.16
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.16 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.165 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.128 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.75 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.14 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19.4 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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Siemens RUGGEDCOM RST2428P Affected: 0 , < V4.0 (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
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Si nf_tables_register_hook() falla entonces, la ruta de error llama a nft_chain_del() (list_del_rcu()) seguido de nf_tables_chain_destroy() sin un per\u00edodo de gracia RCU intermedio.\\n\\nEsto crea dos condiciones de uso despu\u00e9s de liberaci\u00f3n:\\n\\n1) Plano de control: nf_tables_dump_chains() recorre table-\u0026gt;chains bajo rcu_read_lock(). Un volcado concurrente a\u00fan puede estar recorriendo la cadena cuando la ruta de error la libera.\\n\\n2) Ruta de paquetes: para NFPROTO_INET, nf_register_net_hook() instala brevemente el gancho IPv4 antes de que falle el registro de IPv6. 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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-11T09:46:11+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-23231",
      "id": "CVE-2026-23231",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-03-04T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "2416",
      "product_status:known_affected": "22",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: kernel: Privilege escalation or denial of service via use-after-free in nf_tables_addchain()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-23231.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
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A concurrent dump can still be walking\\n    the chain when the error path frees it.\\n\\n 2) Packet path: for NFPROTO_INET, nf_register_net_hook() briefly\\n    installs the IPv4 hook before IPv6 registration fails.  Packets\\n    entering nft_do_chain() via the transient IPv4 hook can still be\\n    dereferencing chain-\u003eblob_gen_X when the error path frees the\\n    chain.\\n\\nAdd synchronize_rcu() between nft_chain_del() and the chain destroy\\nso that all RCU readers -- both dump threads and in-flight packet\\nevaluation -- have finished before the chain is freed.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.165\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.16\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.128\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.16\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.75\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.16\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.18.14\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.16\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.19.4\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.16\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"7.0\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.16\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:20:47.711Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-23231\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-09-08T08:45:05.203Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-01-13T15:37:45.988Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-03-04T12:58:42.029Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.