CVE-2025-39956 (GCVE-0-2025-39956)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-09 09:47 – Updated: 2026-10-15 22:02
VLAI
Title
igc: don't fail igc_probe() on LED setup error
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: igc: don't fail igc_probe() on LED setup error When igc_led_setup() fails, igc_probe() fails and triggers kernel panic in free_netdev() since unregister_netdev() is not called. [1] This behavior can be tested using fault-injection framework, especially the failslab feature. [2] Since LED support is not mandatory, treat LED setup failures as non-fatal and continue probe with a warning message, consequently avoiding the kernel panic. [1] kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12047! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 937 Comm: repro-igc-led-e Not tainted 6.17.0-rc4-enjuk-tnguy-00865-gc4940196ab02 #64 PREEMPT(voluntary) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:free_netdev+0x278/0x2b0 [...] Call Trace: <TASK> igc_probe+0x370/0x910 local_pci_probe+0x3a/0x80 pci_device_probe+0xd1/0x200 [...] [2] #!/bin/bash -ex FAILSLAB_PATH=/sys/kernel/debug/failslab/ DEVICE=0000:00:05.0 START_ADDR=$(grep " igc_led_setup" /proc/kallsyms \ | awk '{printf("0x%s", $1)}') END_ADDR=$(printf "0x%x" $((START_ADDR + 0x100))) echo $START_ADDR > $FAILSLAB_PATH/require-start echo $END_ADDR > $FAILSLAB_PATH/require-end echo 1 > $FAILSLAB_PATH/times echo 100 > $FAILSLAB_PATH/probability echo N > $FAILSLAB_PATH/ignore-gfp-wait echo $DEVICE > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/igc/bind
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 21:55 UTC
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6848 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: ea578703b03d5d651b091c39f717dc829155b520 , < bec504867acc7315de9cd96ef9161fa52a25abe8 (git)
Affected: ea578703b03d5d651b091c39f717dc829155b520 , < f05e82d8553232cef150a6dbb70ed67d162abb2b (git)
Affected: ea578703b03d5d651b091c39f717dc829155b520 , < 528eb4e19ec0df30d0c9ae4074ce945667dde919 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.9
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.9 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.49 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16.9 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nigc: no fallar igc_probe() en error de configuraci\u00f3n de LED\n\nCuando igc_led_setup() falla, igc_probe() falla y dispara un p\u00e1nico del kernel\nen free_netdev() ya que unregister_netdev() no es llamado. [1]\nEste comportamiento puede ser probado usando el framework de inyecci\u00f3n de fallos, especialmente\nla caracter\u00edstica failslab. [2]\n\nDado que el soporte de LED no es obligatorio, tratar los fallos de configuraci\u00f3n de LED como\nno fatales y continuar la sonda con un mensaje de advertencia, consecuentemente\nevitando el p\u00e1nico del kernel.\n\n[1]\n BUG del kernel en net/core/dev.c:12047!\n Oops: c\u00f3digo de operaci\u00f3n inv\u00e1lido: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 937 Comm: repro-igc-led-e No contaminado 6.17.0-rc4-enjuk-tnguy-00865-gc4940196ab02 #64 PREEMPT(voluntario)\n Nombre del hardware: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n RIP: 0010:free_netdev+0x278/0x2b0\n [...]\n Traza de llamada:\n  \u003cTAREA\u003e\n  igc_probe+0x370/0x910\n  local_pci_probe+0x3a/0x80\n  pci_device_probe+0xd1/0x200\n [...]\n\n[2]\n #!/bin/bash -ex\n\n FAILSLAB_PATH=/sys/kernel/debug/failslab/\n DEVICE=0000:00:05.0\n START_ADDR=$(grep \u201c igc_led_setup\u201d /proc/kallsyms \\\n         | awk \u0027{printf(\u201c0x%s\u201d, $1)}\u0027)\n END_ADDR=$(printf \u201c0x%x\u201d $((START_ADDR + 0x100)))\n\n echo $START_ADDR \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/require-start\n echo $END_ADDR \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/require-end\n echo 1 \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/times\n echo 100 \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/probability\n echo N \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/ignore-gfp-wait\n\n echo $DEVICE \u003e /sys/bus/pci/drivers/igc/bind"
          }
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        "id": "CVE-2025-39956",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-19T21:10:00.160",
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              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-39956",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:55:00.586485Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-10-09T10:15:36.813",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/528eb4e19ec0df30d0c9ae4074ce945667dde919"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bec504867acc7315de9cd96ef9161fa52a25abe8"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f05e82d8553232cef150a6dbb70ed67d162abb2b"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T10:08:30+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-39956",
      "id": "CVE-2025-39956",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-10-09T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "184",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: igc: don\u0027t fail igc_probe() on LED setup error",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-39956.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-39956",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "total"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:55:00.586485Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:55:01.381Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "drivers/net/ethernet/intel/igc/igc.h",
                "drivers/net/ethernet/intel/igc/igc_main.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThan": "bec504867acc7315de9cd96ef9161fa52a25abe8",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "ea578703b03d5d651b091c39f717dc829155b520",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "f05e82d8553232cef150a6dbb70ed67d162abb2b",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "ea578703b03d5d651b091c39f717dc829155b520",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "528eb4e19ec0df30d0c9ae4074ce945667dde919",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "ea578703b03d5d651b091c39f717dc829155b520",
                  "versionType": "git"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "defaultStatus": "affected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "drivers/net/ethernet/intel/igc/igc.h",
                "drivers/net/ethernet/intel/igc/igc_main.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "6.9"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "6.9",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.12.49",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.16.9",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.17",
                  "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
            {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.49",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "6.9",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.9",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "6.9",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.17",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "6.9",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    }
                  ],
                  "negate": false,
                  "operator": "OR"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nigc: don\u0027t fail igc_probe() on LED setup error\n\nWhen igc_led_setup() fails, igc_probe() fails and triggers kernel panic\nin free_netdev() since unregister_netdev() is not called. [1]\nThis behavior can be tested using fault-injection framework, especially\nthe failslab feature. [2]\n\nSince LED support is not mandatory, treat LED setup failures as\nnon-fatal and continue probe with a warning message, consequently\navoiding the kernel panic.\n\n[1]\n kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12047!\n Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 937 Comm: repro-igc-led-e Not tainted 6.17.0-rc4-enjuk-tnguy-00865-gc4940196ab02 #64 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n RIP: 0010:free_netdev+0x278/0x2b0\n [...]\n Call Trace:\n  \u003cTASK\u003e\n  igc_probe+0x370/0x910\n  local_pci_probe+0x3a/0x80\n  pci_device_probe+0xd1/0x200\n [...]\n\n[2]\n #!/bin/bash -ex\n\n FAILSLAB_PATH=/sys/kernel/debug/failslab/\n DEVICE=0000:00:05.0\n START_ADDR=$(grep \" igc_led_setup\" /proc/kallsyms \\\n         | awk \u0027{printf(\"0x%s\", $1)}\u0027)\n END_ADDR=$(printf \"0x%x\" $((START_ADDR + 0x100)))\n\n echo $START_ADDR \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/require-start\n echo $END_ADDR \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/require-end\n echo 1 \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/times\n echo 100 \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/probability\n echo N \u003e $FAILSLAB_PATH/ignore-gfp-wait\n\n echo $DEVICE \u003e /sys/bus/pci/drivers/igc/bind"
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is a PCI driver probe reached locally (sysfs bind, module load, PCI rescan/hotplug), and the resulting corrupted-but-registered netdev is exercised through local syscalls (ioctl, socket TX, /proc/net/dev). No remote or adjacent network input reaches `igc_probe()`.\nAC:L - The failure is deterministic once `igc_led_setup()` returns an error \u2014 the commit\u0027s own reproducer makes it fire 100% of the time \u2014 and the required slab-allocation failure is reachable through ordinary memory-exhaustion pressure with no race to win and no unknowable memory layout required.\nPR:L - A low-privileged local user can drive the system-wide slab exhaustion that makes the GFP_KERNEL allocations in `igc_led_setup()`/`led_classdev_register()` fail during any probe event, and every follow-on use-after-free on the gutted-but-registered netdev (packet transmit, `/proc/net/dev` reads, ethtool GET ioctls) is reachable with no privileges at all.\nUI:N - `igc_probe()` runs automatically on device enumeration, module load, or hotplug with no victim action required, and the post-oops UAF state is reachable without any user cooperation.\nS:U - The BUG(), the premature frees and the dangling driver/iomem state all occur inside the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `free_netdev()` releases `dev-\u003eethtool`, `dev-\u003e_tx`/`dev-\u003e_rx` queue arrays and the percpu refcount/stats before hitting the BUG_ON, leaving a still-registered net_device whose freed slab objects can be reallocated and read back through unprivileged ethtool/stat/transmit paths, yielding arbitrary kernel heap disclosure.\nI:H - The same dangling `netdev_queue`/`struct ethtool` pointers on a live registered device give a use-after-free write primitive on attacker-sprayable slab memory, plus writes through the iounmap\u0027d MMIO pointer and freed igc rings retained by the still-active adapter.\nA:H - `BUG_ON(dev-\u003ereg_state != NETREG_UNREGISTERED)` fires an invalid-opcode oops that is an immediate panic on `panic_on_oops`/hardened embedded builds, and even when it isn\u0027t the probe thread dies holding `device_lock()`, permanently wedging bind/unbind/rmmod and leaving a netdev whose next use crashes the kernel."
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:06:26.765Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bec504867acc7315de9cd96ef9161fa52a25abe8"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f05e82d8553232cef150a6dbb70ed67d162abb2b"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/528eb4e19ec0df30d0c9ae4074ce945667dde919"
            }
          ],
          "title": "igc: don\u0027t fail igc_probe() on LED setup error",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-39956",
        "datePublished": "2025-10-09T09:47:34.253Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.149Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T22:02:33.822Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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