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CVE-2024-49861 (GCVE-0-2024-49861)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-21 12:27 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:40
VLAI
Title
bpf: Fix helper writes to read-only maps
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix helper writes to read-only maps Lonial found an issue that despite user- and BPF-side frozen BPF map (like in case of .rodata), it was still possible to write into it from a BPF program side through specific helpers having ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} as arguments. In check_func_arg() when the argument is as mentioned, the meta->raw_mode is never set. Later, check_helper_mem_access(), under the case of PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE as register base type, it assumes BPF_READ for the subsequent call to check_map_access_type() and given the BPF map is read-only it succeeds. The helpers really need to be annotated as ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} | MEM_UNINIT when results are written into them as opposed to read out of them. The latter indicates that it's okay to pass a pointer to uninitialized memory as the memory is written to anyway. However, ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} is a special case of ARG_PTR_TO_FIXED_SIZE_MEM just with additional alignment requirement. So it is better to just get rid of the ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} special cases altogether and reuse the fixed size memory types. For this, add MEM_ALIGNED to additionally ensure alignment given these helpers write directly into the args via *<ptr> = val. The .arg*_size has been initialized reflecting the actual sizeof(*<ptr>). MEM_ALIGNED can only be used in combination with MEM_FIXED_SIZE annotated argument types, since in !MEM_FIXED_SIZE cases the verifier does not know the buffer size a priori and therefore cannot blindly write *<ptr> = val.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-21 12:55 UTC
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 57c3bb725a3dd97d960d7e1cd0845d88de53217f , < 988e55abcf7fdb8fc9a76a7cf3f4e939a4d4fb3a (git)
Affected: 57c3bb725a3dd97d960d7e1cd0845d88de53217f , < a2c8dc7e21803257e762b0bf067fd13e9c995da0 (git)
Affected: 57c3bb725a3dd97d960d7e1cd0845d88de53217f , < 2ed98ee02d1e08afee88f54baec39ea78dc8a23c (git)
Affected: 57c3bb725a3dd97d960d7e1cd0845d88de53217f , < 1e75d25133158b525e0456876e9bcfd6b2993fd5 (git)
Affected: 57c3bb725a3dd97d960d7e1cd0845d88de53217f , < 32556ce93bc45c730829083cb60f95a2728ea48b (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.2
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.120 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.54 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.10.13 , ≤ 6.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.11.2 , ≤ 6.11.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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Later, check_helper_mem_access(), under the case of\\nPTR_TO_MAP_VALUE as register base type, it assumes BPF_READ for the\\nsubsequent call to check_map_access_type() and given the BPF map is\\nread-only it succeeds.\\n\\nThe helpers really need to be annotated as ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} | MEM_UNINIT\\nwhen results are written into them as opposed to read out of them. The\\nlatter indicates that it\u0027s okay to pass a pointer to uninitialized memory\\nas the memory is written to anyway.\\n\\nHowever, ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} is a special case of ARG_PTR_TO_FIXED_SIZE_MEM\\njust with additional alignment requirement. So it is better to just get\\nrid of the ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} special cases altogether and reuse the\\nfixed size memory types. For this, add MEM_ALIGNED to additionally ensure\\nalignment given these helpers write directly into the args via *\u003cptr\u003e = val.\\nThe .arg*_size has been initialized reflecting the actual sizeof(*\u003cptr\u003e).\\n\\nMEM_ALIGNED can only be used in combination with MEM_FIXED_SIZE annotated\\nargument types, since in !MEM_FIXED_SIZE cases the verifier does not know\\nthe buffer size a priori and therefore cannot blindly write *\u003cptr\u003e = val.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: bpf: Arregla las escrituras del ayudante en mapas de solo lectura Lonial encontr\u00f3 un problema que a pesar del mapa BPF congelado del lado del usuario y del BPF (como en el caso de .rodata), a\u00fan era posible escribir en \u00e9l desde el lado del programa BPF a trav\u00e9s de ayudantes espec\u00edficos que tienen ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} como argumentos. En check_func_arg() cuando el argumento es como se menciona, el meta-\u0026gt;raw_mode nunca se establece. M\u00e1s tarde, check_helper_mem_access(), bajo el caso de PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE como tipo base de registro, asume BPF_READ para la llamada posterior a check_map_access_type() y dado que el mapa BPF es de solo lectura, tiene \u00e9xito. Los ayudantes realmente necesitan ser anotados como ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} | MEM_UNINIT cuando los resultados se escriben en ellos en lugar de leerse de ellos. Este \u00faltimo indica que est\u00e1 bien pasar un puntero a la memoria no inicializada, ya que la memoria se escribe de todos modos. Sin embargo, ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} es un caso especial de ARG_PTR_TO_FIXED_SIZE_MEM solo que con un requisito de alineaci\u00f3n adicional. Por lo tanto, es mejor deshacerse de los casos especiales ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} por completo y reutilizar los tipos de memoria de tama\u00f1o fijo. 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MEM_ALIGNED solo se puede usar en combinaci\u00f3n con los tipos de argumentos anotados MEM_FIXED_SIZE, ya que en los casos !MEM_FIXED_SIZE el verificador no conoce el tama\u00f1o del b\u00fafer a priori y, por lo tanto, no puede escribir ciegamente * = 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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-04T22:41:16+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2024-49861",
      "id": "CVE-2024-49861",
      "initial_release_date": "2024-10-21T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "305",
      "product_status:known_affected": "76",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: bpf: Fix helper writes to read-only maps",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2024/cve-2024-49861.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
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Later, check_helper_mem_access(), under the case of\\nPTR_TO_MAP_VALUE as register base type, it assumes BPF_READ for the\\nsubsequent call to check_map_access_type() and given the BPF map is\\nread-only it succeeds.\\n\\nThe helpers really need to be annotated as ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} | MEM_UNINIT\\nwhen results are written into them as opposed to read out of them. The\\nlatter indicates that it\u0027s okay to pass a pointer to uninitialized memory\\nas the memory is written to anyway.\\n\\nHowever, ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} is a special case of ARG_PTR_TO_FIXED_SIZE_MEM\\njust with additional alignment requirement. So it is better to just get\\nrid of the ARG_PTR_TO_{LONG,INT} special cases altogether and reuse the\\nfixed size memory types. For this, add MEM_ALIGNED to additionally ensure\\nalignment given these helpers write directly into the args via *\u003cptr\u003e = val.\\nThe .arg*_size has been initialized reflecting the actual sizeof(*\u003cptr\u003e).\\n\\nMEM_ALIGNED can only be used in combination with MEM_FIXED_SIZE annotated\\nargument types, since in !MEM_FIXED_SIZE cases the verifier does not know\\nthe buffer size a priori and therefore cannot blindly write *\u003cptr\u003e = val.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.120\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.2\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.54\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.2\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.10.13\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.2\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.11.2\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.2\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.2\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-11T20:40:38.986Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2024-49861\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-11T20:40:38.986Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2024-10-21T12:17:06.017Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2024-10-21T12:27:19.321Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.