CVE-2023-4408 (GCVE-0-2023-4408)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-13 14:04 – Updated: 2025-03-14 16:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Parsing large DNS messages may cause excessive CPU load
Summary
The DNS message parsing code in `named` includes a section whose computational complexity is overly high. It does not cause problems for typical DNS traffic, but crafted queries and responses may cause excessive CPU load on the affected `named` instance by exploiting this flaw. This issue affects both authoritative servers and recursive resolvers.
This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.0.0 through 9.16.45, 9.18.0 through 9.18.21, 9.19.0 through 9.19.19, 9.9.3-S1 through 9.11.37-S1, 9.16.8-S1 through 9.16.45-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.21-S1.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-02-21 20:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
7 references
Impacted products
1 product
Date Public
2024-02-13 00:00
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"cve": "CVE-2023-4408",
"id": "CVE-2023-4408",
"initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:fixed": "2047",
"product_status:known_affected": "9",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "103",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "bind9: Parsing large DNS messages may cause excessive CPU load",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-4408.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
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"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240426-0001/"
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],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
},
{
"metrics": [
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"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2023-4408",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-02-21T20:37:05.447060Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
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"problemTypes": [
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"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-407",
"description": "CWE-407 Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
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"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-05-23T19:01:12.582Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
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"cna": {
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"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "BIND 9",
"vendor": "ISC",
"versions": [
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"credits": [
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"value": "ISC would like to thank Shoham Danino from Reichman University, Anat Bremler-Barr from Tel-Aviv University, Yehuda Afek from Tel-Aviv University, and Yuval Shavitt from Tel-Aviv University for bringing this vulnerability to our attention."
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"datePublic": "2024-02-13T00:00:00.000Z",
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"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
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"orgId": "404fd4d2-a609-4245-b543-2c944a302a22",
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"lang": "en",
"value": "Upgrade to the patched release most closely related to your current version of BIND 9: 9.16.48, 9.18.24, 9.19.21, 9.16.48-S1, or 9.18.24-S1."
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"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
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"title": "Parsing large DNS messages may cause excessive CPU load",
"workarounds": [
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"value": "No workarounds known."
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"assignerShortName": "isc",
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"datePublished": "2024-02-13T14:04:17.519Z",
"dateReserved": "2023-08-18T07:59:28.420Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-14T16:16:25.564Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.