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Vulnerability from cleanstart
Published
2026-07-30 07:10
Modified
2026-07-30 09:37
Summary
Security fixes in cert-manager-webhook-pdns-fips 2.3.0-r0
Details
Package cert-manager-webhook-pdns-fips version 2.3.0-r0 fixes 17 vulnerabilities: CVE-2022-1996, CVE-2023-45142, CVE-2023-25151, CVE-2022-21698, CVE-2022-30636...
References
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
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"name": "cert-manager-webhook-pdns-fips"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
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}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
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]
}
],
"credits": [],
"database_specific": {},
"details": "Package cert-manager-webhook-pdns-fips version 2.3.0-r0 fixes 17 vulnerabilities: CVE-2022-1996, CVE-2023-45142, CVE-2023-25151, CVE-2022-21698, CVE-2022-30636...",
"id": "CLEANSTART-2026-EP15881",
"modified": "2026-07-30T09:37:10Z",
"published": "2026-07-30T07:10:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zachomedia/cert-manager-webhook-pdns"
}
],
"related": [],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"summary": "Security fixes in cert-manager-webhook-pdns-fips 2.3.0-r0",
"upstream": [
"CVE-2022-1996",
"CVE-2023-45142",
"CVE-2023-25151",
"CVE-2022-21698",
"CVE-2022-30636",
"CVE-2022-27191",
"CVE-2023-48795",
"CVE-2023-44487",
"CVE-2023-47108",
"CVE-2022-32149",
"CVE-2022-28948",
"CVE-2022-27664",
"CVE-2024-12401",
"CVE-2022-29526",
"CVE-2024-24786",
"ghsa-m425-mq94-257g",
"ghsa-r4pg-vg54-wxx4"
]
}
CVE-2023-45142 (GCVE-0-2023-45142)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-12 16:33 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenTelemetry-Go Contrib has DoS vulnerability in otelhttp due to unbound cardinality metrics
Summary
OpenTelemetry-Go Contrib is a collection of third-party packages for OpenTelemetry-Go. A handler wrapper out of the box adds labels `http.user_agent` and `http.method` that have unbound cardinality. It leads to the server's potential memory exhaustion when many malicious requests are sent to it. HTTP header User-Agent or HTTP method for requests can be easily set by an attacker to be random and long. The library internally uses `httpconv.ServerRequest` that records every value for HTTP `method` and `User-Agent`. In order to be affected, a program has to use the `otelhttp.NewHandler` wrapper and not filter any unknown HTTP methods or User agents on the level of CDN, LB, previous middleware, etc. Version 0.44.0 fixed this issue when the values collected for attribute `http.request.method` were changed to be restricted to a set of well-known values and other high cardinality attributes were removed. As a workaround to stop being affected, `otelhttp.WithFilter()` can be used, but it requires manual careful configuration to not log certain requests entirely. For convenience and safe usage of this library, it should by default mark with the label `unknown` non-standard HTTP methods and User agents to show that such requests were made but do not increase cardinality. In case someone wants to stay with the current behavior, library API should allow to enable it.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Assigner
References
9 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cg3q-j54f-5p7p | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-telemetry | opentelemetry-go-contrib |
Affected:
< 0.44.0
|
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CVE-2023-47108 (GCVE-0-2023-47108)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-10 18:31 – Updated: 2025-10-28 18:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
DoS vulnerability in otelgrpc (uncontrolled resource consumption) due to unbound cardinality metrics
Summary
OpenTelemetry-Go Contrib is a collection of third-party packages for OpenTelemetry-Go. Starting in version 0.37.0 and prior to version 0.46.0, the grpc Unary Server Interceptor out of the box adds labels `net.peer.sock.addr` and `net.peer.sock.port` that have unbound cardinality. It leads to the server's potential memory exhaustion when many malicious requests are sent. An attacker can easily flood the peer address and port for requests. Version 0.46.0 contains a fix for this issue. As a workaround to stop being affected, a view removing the attributes can be used. The other possibility is to disable grpc metrics instrumentation by passing `otelgrpc.WithMeterProvider` option with `noop.NewMeterProvider`.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-g… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://pkg.go.dev/go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metri… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-telemetry | opentelemetry-go-contrib |
Affected:
>= 0.37.0, < 0.46.0
|
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CVE-2023-48795 (GCVE-0-2023-48795)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-18 00:00 – Updated: 2026-07-14 12:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
The SSH transport protocol with certain OpenSSH extensions, found in OpenSSH before 9.6 and other products, allows remote attackers to bypass integrity checks such that some packets are omitted (from the extension negotiation message), and a client and server may consequently end up with a connection for which some security features have been downgraded or disabled, aka a Terrapin attack. This occurs because the SSH Binary Packet Protocol (BPP), implemented by these extensions, mishandles the handshake phase and mishandles use of sequence numbers. For example, there is an effective attack against SSH's use of ChaCha20-Poly1305 (and CBC with Encrypt-then-MAC). The bypass occurs in chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com and (if CBC is used) the -etm@openssh.com MAC algorithms. This also affects Maverick Synergy Java SSH API before 3.1.0-SNAPSHOT, Dropbear through 2022.83, Ssh before 5.1.1 in Erlang/OTP, PuTTY before 0.80, AsyncSSH before 2.14.2, golang.org/x/crypto before 0.17.0, libssh before 0.10.6, libssh2 through 1.11.0, Thorn Tech SFTP Gateway before 3.4.6, Tera Term before 5.1, Paramiko before 3.4.0, jsch before 0.2.15, SFTPGo before 2.5.6, Netgate pfSense Plus through 23.09.1, Netgate pfSense CE through 2.7.2, HPN-SSH through 18.2.0, ProFTPD before 1.3.8b (and before 1.3.9rc2), ORYX CycloneSSH before 2.3.4, NetSarang XShell 7 before Build 0144, CrushFTP before 10.6.0, ConnectBot SSH library before 2.2.22, Apache MINA sshd through 2.11.0, sshj through 0.37.0, TinySSH through 20230101, trilead-ssh2 6401, LANCOM LCOS and LANconfig, FileZilla before 3.66.4, Nova before 11.8, PKIX-SSH before 14.4, SecureCRT before 9.4.3, Transmit5 before 5.10.4, Win32-OpenSSH before 9.5.0.0p1-Beta, WinSCP before 6.2.2, Bitvise SSH Server before 9.32, Bitvise SSH Client before 9.33, KiTTY through 0.76.1.13, the net-ssh gem 7.2.0 for Ruby, the mscdex ssh2 module before 1.15.0 for Node.js, the thrussh library before 0.35.1 for Rust, and the Russh crate before 0.40.2 for Rust.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- n/a
- CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
References
139 references
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM APE1808 |
Affected:
0 , < *
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
|
| Siemens | SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.5 , < *
(custom)
|
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CVE-2024-12401 (GCVE-0-2024-12401)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-12 09:06 – Updated: 2026-06-26 04:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cert-manager: potential dos when parsing specially crafted pem inputs
Summary
A flaw was found in the cert-manager package. This flaw allows an attacker who can modify PEM data that the cert-manager reads, for example, in a Secret resource, to use large amounts of CPU in the cert-manager controller pod to effectively create a denial-of-service (DoS) vector for the cert-manager in the cluster.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
9 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.12.14
(semver)
Affected: 1.13.0-alpha.0 , ≤ 1.15.4 (semver) Affected: 1.16.0-alpha.0 , ≤ 1.16.2 (semver) |
|||
| Red Hat | cert-manager Operator for Red Hat OpenShift |
cpe:/a:redhat:cert_manager:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Cryostat 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:cryostat:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Multicluster Engine for Kubernetes |
cpe:/a:redhat:multicluster_engine |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Serverless |
cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Connectivity Link 1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:connectivity_link:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_data_foundation:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift GitOps |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_gitops:1 |
Date Public
2024-11-21 19:52
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CVE-2024-24786 (GCVE-0-2024-24786)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-05 22:22 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Infinite loop in JSON unmarshaling in google.golang.org/protobuf
Summary
The protojson.Unmarshal function can enter an infinite loop when unmarshaling certain forms of invalid JSON. This condition can occur when unmarshaling into a message which contains a google.protobuf.Any value, or when the UnmarshalOptions.DiscardUnknown option is set.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1286 - Improper Validation of Syntactic Correctness of Input
Assigner
References
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| google.golang.org/protobuf | google.golang.org/protobuf/encoding/protojson |
Affected:
0 , < 1.33.0
(semver)
|
|
| google.golang.org/protobuf | google.golang.org/protobuf/internal/encoding/json |
Affected:
0 , < 1.33.0
(semver)
|
|
| golang | go |
Affected:
0 , < 1.33.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:golang:go:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:golang:go:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "go",
"vendor": "golang",
"versions": [
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"lessThan": "1.33.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2024-24786",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-11-07T16:22:27.828054Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-11-07T16:23:32.865Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
},
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-01T23:28:12.790Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://go.dev/cl/569356"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2024-2611"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JDMBHAVSDU2FBDZ45U3A2VLSM35OJ2HU/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/03/08/4"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240517-0002/"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"collectionURL": "https://pkg.go.dev",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageName": "google.golang.org/protobuf/encoding/protojson",
"product": "google.golang.org/protobuf/encoding/protojson",
"programRoutines": [
{
"name": "UnmarshalOptions.unmarshal"
},
{
"name": "Unmarshal"
},
{
"name": "UnmarshalOptions.Unmarshal"
}
],
"vendor": "google.golang.org/protobuf",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "1.33.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"collectionURL": "https://pkg.go.dev",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageName": "google.golang.org/protobuf/internal/encoding/json",
"product": "google.golang.org/protobuf/internal/encoding/json",
"programRoutines": [
{
"name": "Decoder.Read"
},
{
"name": "Decoder.Peek"
}
],
"vendor": "google.golang.org/protobuf",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "1.33.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The protojson.Unmarshal function can enter an infinite loop when unmarshaling certain forms of invalid JSON. This condition can occur when unmarshaling into a message which contains a google.protobuf.Any value, or when the UnmarshalOptions.DiscardUnknown option is set."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "CWE-1286: Improper Validation of Syntactic Correctness of Input",
"lang": "en"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-06-10T17:12:44.017Z",
"orgId": "1bb62c36-49e3-4200-9d77-64a1400537cc",
"shortName": "Go"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://go.dev/cl/569356"
},
{
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2024-2611"
},
{
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JDMBHAVSDU2FBDZ45U3A2VLSM35OJ2HU/"
},
{
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/03/08/4"
},
{
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240517-0002/"
}
],
"title": "Infinite loop in JSON unmarshaling in google.golang.org/protobuf"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1bb62c36-49e3-4200-9d77-64a1400537cc",
"assignerShortName": "Go",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-24786",
"datePublished": "2024-03-05T22:22:35.299Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-01-30T16:05:14.757Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-02-13T17:40:25.868Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
GHSA-M425-MQ94-257G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 21:17 – Updated: 2024-07-19 16:32
VLAI
Summary
gRPC-Go HTTP/2 Rapid Reset vulnerability
Details
Impact
In affected releases of gRPC-Go, it is possible for an attacker to send HTTP/2 requests, cancel them, and send subsequent requests, which is valid by the HTTP/2 protocol, but would cause the gRPC-Go server to launch more concurrent method handlers than the configured maximum stream limit.
Patches
This vulnerability was addressed by #6703 and has been included in patch releases: 1.56.3, 1.57.1, 1.58.3. It is also included in the latest release, 1.59.0.
Along with applying the patch, users should also ensure they are using the grpc.MaxConcurrentStreams server option to apply a limit to the server's resources used for any single connection.
Workarounds
None.
References
6703
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "google.golang.org/grpc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.56.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "google.golang.org/grpc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.57.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.57.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "google.golang.org/grpc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.58.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.58.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-25T21:17:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nIn affected releases of gRPC-Go, it is possible for an attacker to send HTTP/2 requests, cancel them, and send subsequent requests, which is valid by the HTTP/2 protocol, but would cause the gRPC-Go server to launch more concurrent method handlers than the configured maximum stream limit.\n\n### Patches\nThis vulnerability was addressed by #6703 and has been included in patch releases: 1.56.3, 1.57.1, 1.58.3. It is also included in the latest release, 1.59.0.\n\nAlong with applying the patch, users should also ensure they are using the `grpc.MaxConcurrentStreams` server option to apply a limit to the server\u0027s resources used for any single connection.\n\n### Workarounds\nNone.\n\n### References\n#6703\n",
"id": "GHSA-m425-mq94-257g",
"modified": "2024-07-19T16:32:30Z",
"published": "2023-10-25T21:17:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/security/advisories/GHSA-m425-mq94-257g"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44487"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/pull/6703"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/commit/f2180b4d5403d2210b30b93098eb7da31c05c721"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "gRPC-Go HTTP/2 Rapid Reset vulnerability"
}
GHSA-R4PG-VG54-WXX4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-20 20:48 – Updated: 2026-06-05 21:21
VLAI
Summary
cert-manager ha a potential slowdown / DoS when parsing specially crafted PEM inputs
Details
Impact
cert-manager packages which call the standard library pem.Decode() function can take a long time to process specially crafted invalid PEM data.
If an attacker is able to modify PEM data which cert-manager reads (e.g. in a Secret resource), they may be able to use large amounts of CPU in the cert-manager controller pod to effectively create a denial-of-service (DoS) vector for cert-manager in the cluster.
Secrets are limited in size to 1MiB, which reduces the impact of this issue; it was discovered through an ~856kB fuzz test input which causes pem.Decode to take roughly 750ms to reject the input on an M2 Max Macbook Pro. By way of comparison, a valid PEM-encoded 4096-bit RSA key takes roughly 70µs to parse on the same machine.
Given the required size of PEM data needed to present a realistic DoS vector, an attacker would need to create or insert many different large sized resources in the cluster, and so the best secondary defense is to ensure that sensible limits are placed via RBAC.
This issue affects all versions of cert-manager to have been released since at least v0.1.0 (since pem.Decode is core functionality for cert-manager). All supported releases are patched.
Patches
The fixed versions are v1.16.2, v1.15.4 and v1.12.14.
- master branch: https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7400
- release-1.16 branch: https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7401
- release-1.15 branch: https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7402
- release-1.12 branch: https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7403
Workarounds
Ensure that RBAC is scoped correctly in your cluster. If a user is able to modify resources containing PEM data to be able to exploit this, it's like that those permissions are a bigger security threat than this issue - especially for Secret resources.
References
- Upstream issue: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/50116
- Similar issue: https://github.com/sigstore/sigstore/issues/198
- Google OSSFuzz: https://issues.oss-fuzz.com/issues/376728466
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.12.14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.13.0-alpha.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.15.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.16.0-alpha.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.16.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-11-20T20:48:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\ncert-manager packages which call the standard library `pem.Decode()` function can take a long time to process specially crafted invalid PEM data.\n\nIf an attacker is able to modify PEM data which cert-manager reads (e.g. in a Secret resource), they may be able to use large amounts of CPU in the cert-manager controller pod to effectively create a denial-of-service (DoS) vector for cert-manager in the cluster.\n\nSecrets are limited in size to [1MiB](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/#restriction-data-size), which reduces the impact of this issue; it was discovered through an ~856kB fuzz test input which causes `pem.Decode` to take roughly 750ms to reject the input on an M2 Max Macbook Pro. By way of comparison, a valid PEM-encoded 4096-bit RSA key takes roughly 70\u00b5s to parse on the same machine.\n\nGiven the required size of PEM data needed to present a realistic DoS vector, an attacker would need to create or insert many different large sized resources in the cluster, and so the best secondary defense is to ensure that sensible limits are placed via RBAC.\n\nThis issue affects all versions of cert-manager to have been released since at least v0.1.0 (since `pem.Decode` is core functionality for cert-manager). All [supported releases](https://cert-manager.io/docs/releases/) are patched.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe fixed versions are v1.16.2, v1.15.4 and v1.12.14.\n\n- master branch: https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7400\n- release-1.16 branch: https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7401\n- release-1.15 branch: https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7402\n- release-1.12 branch: https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7403\n\n### Workarounds\n\nEnsure that RBAC is scoped correctly in your cluster. If a user is able to modify resources containing PEM data to be able to exploit this, it\u0027s like that those permissions are a bigger security threat than this issue - especially for Secret resources.\n\n### References\n\n- Upstream issue: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/50116\n- Similar issue: https://github.com/sigstore/sigstore/issues/198\n- Google OSSFuzz: https://issues.oss-fuzz.com/issues/376728466",
"id": "GHSA-r4pg-vg54-wxx4",
"modified": "2026-06-05T21:21:55Z",
"published": "2024-11-20T20:48:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/security/advisories/GHSA-r4pg-vg54-wxx4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/golang/go/issues/50116"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7400"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7401"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7402"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/pull/7403"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/commit/3a4c9eb55e2e43570679840bbe3217869fbc8efc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager/commit/f22f78c8c0a64d718e203b326bc844c488ad7850"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/cert-manager/cert-manager"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/issue/50116"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2024-3282"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "cert-manager ha a potential slowdown / DoS when parsing specially crafted PEM inputs"
}
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Trend slope:
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(linear fit over daily sighting counts)
Show additional events:
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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