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CVE-2026-72123 (GCVE-0-2026-72123)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 05:53 – Updated: 2026-08-19 16:36
VLAI
Title
can: bcm: defer rx_op deallocation to workqueue to fix thrtimer UAF
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: bcm: defer rx_op deallocation to workqueue to fix thrtimer UAF Commit f1b4e32aca08 ("can: bcm: use call_rcu() instead of costly synchronize_rcu()") replaced synchronize_rcu() in bcm_delete_rx_op() with call_rcu() and introduced the RX_NO_AUTOTIMER flag. However, this flag check was omitted for thrtimer in the packet rx fast-path. During BCM RX operation teardown, a concurrent RCU reader (bcm_rx_handler) can race and re-arm thrtimer via bcm_rx_update_and_send() after call_rcu() has been scheduled. Once the RCU grace period elapses, bcm_op is freed. The subsequently firing thrtimer then dereferences the deallocated op, causing a UAF. Adding flag checks to the rx fast-path (bcm_rx_update_and_send) does not fully close the TOCTOU race and introduces latency for every CAN frame. Conversely, calling hrtimer_cancel() directly inside the RCU callback (softirq context) is fatal as hrtimer_cancel() can sleep, triggering a "scheduling while atomic" panic. Resolve this by deferring the timer cancellation and memory free to a dedicated unbound workqueue (bcm_wq). The RCU callback now queues a work item to bcm_wq, which safely cancels both timers and deallocates memory in sleepable process context. A dedicated workqueue is used to prevent system-wide WQ saturation and is cleanly flushed/destroyed on module unload to avoid rmmod page faults. Since the deferred work can now outlive the calling context by an unbounded amount, also take a reference on op->sk when it is assigned and drop it only once the deferred work has cancelled both timers, so a socket can no longer be freed out from under a still-armed timer whose callback (bcm_send_to_user()) dereferences op->sk.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 85cd41070df992d3c0dfd828866fdd243d3b774a , < de5fce46637de05bef56ec08528127676eb6fc9b (git)
Affected: f34f2a18e47b73e48f90a757e1f4aaa8c7d665a1 , < 036a8c320ca11bc912e8027adcfad14b326f067e (git)
Affected: f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386 , < 3cf4fd5316f449811d8baf1bc6978ef5a7b743a9 (git)
Affected: f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386 , < 4177762f70646ac48a2af382e45a795cbd295198 (git)
Affected: f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386 , < 6fd08e8d826c3aa4cc7021f5f9cdbb7fa7441d3f (git)
Affected: f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386 , < cd830e0bc25ee2d38cbfbdbb3cd77c5f53b2b6d5 (git)
Affected: f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386 , < ce2d4b121fb7545e1ed588e860c8e5fd5ad45224 (git)
Affected: f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386 , < 68973f9db76144825e4f35dfdc80fb8279eb2d57 (git)
Affected: fbac09a3b8890003c0c55294c00709f3ae5501bb (git)
Affected: 5b48f5711f1c630841ab78dcc061de902f0e37bf (git)
Affected: edb4baffb9483141a50fb7f7146cfe4a4c0c2db8 (git)
Affected: 5.10.130 , < 5.10.265 (semver)
Affected: 5.15.54 , < 5.15.216 (semver)
Affected: 4.19.252 , < 4.20 (semver)
Affected: 5.4.205 , < 5.5 (semver)
Affected: 5.18.11 , < 5.19 (semver)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.19
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.19 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.265 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.216 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.97 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncan: bcm: defer rx_op deallocation to workqueue to fix thrtimer UAF\n\nCommit f1b4e32aca08 (\"can: bcm: use call_rcu() instead of costly\nsynchronize_rcu()\") replaced synchronize_rcu() in bcm_delete_rx_op()\nwith call_rcu() and introduced the RX_NO_AUTOTIMER flag.\n\nHowever, this flag check was omitted for thrtimer in the packet rx\nfast-path. During BCM RX operation teardown, a concurrent RCU reader\n(bcm_rx_handler) can race and re-arm thrtimer via\nbcm_rx_update_and_send() after call_rcu() has been scheduled.  Once\nthe RCU grace period elapses, bcm_op is freed.  The subsequently\nfiring thrtimer then dereferences the deallocated op, causing a UAF.\n\nAdding flag checks to the rx fast-path (bcm_rx_update_and_send) does not\nfully close the TOCTOU race and introduces latency for every CAN frame.\nConversely, calling hrtimer_cancel() directly inside the RCU callback\n(softirq context) is fatal as hrtimer_cancel() can sleep, triggering\na \"scheduling while atomic\" panic.\n\nResolve this by deferring the timer cancellation and memory free to a\ndedicated unbound workqueue (bcm_wq).  The RCU callback now queues a\nwork item to bcm_wq, which safely cancels both timers and deallocates\nmemory in sleepable process context.  A dedicated workqueue is used to\nprevent system-wide WQ saturation and is cleanly flushed/destroyed\non module unload to avoid rmmod page faults.\n\nSince the deferred work can now outlive the calling context by an\nunbounded amount, also take a reference on op-\u003esk when it is assigned\nand drop it only once the deferred work has cancelled both timers, so a\nsocket can no longer be freed out from under a still-armed timer whose\ncallback (bcm_send_to_user()) dereferences op-\u003esk."
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              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local BCM socket syscalls (sendmsg with RX_SETUP/SETTIMER/ival2 throttling and RX_DELETE); CAN frames can be injected locally via loopback without physical bus access.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race by concurrently issuing RX_DELETE teardown and delivering matching CAN frames (e.g., via threads or paired BCM/RAW sockets), making the thrtimer re-arm UAF reliably triggerable.\nPR:L - No kernel capability check gates AF_CAN/CAN_BCM socket creation or bcm_sendmsg opcodes; any unprivileged local user with socket access (including via user namespaces with vcan) can reach the vulnerable path.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required; the attacker self-triggers the race through their own BCM socket operations and locally injected CAN traffic.\nS:U - Impact is confined to kernel memory corruption and local privilege escalation within the same kernel security boundary, not a cross-boundary escape such as VM or IOMMU bypass.\nC:H - The thrtimer UAF dereferences freed bcm_op fields (locks, frame buffers, op-\u003esk) in bcm_rx_thr_handler/bcm_send_to_user, enabling attacker-controlled heap reuse and arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - UAF on the bcm_op slab object allows heap spraying to corrupt function pointers, timers, and sock structures, providing a standard path to arbitrary kernel writes and local privilege escalation.\nA:H - The freed-op dereference in the hrtimer softirq path causes kernel oops/panic under normal exploitation attempts, and successful memory corruption can crash or hang the system."
            }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T16:36:18.988Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de5fce46637de05bef56ec08528127676eb6fc9b"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4177762f70646ac48a2af382e45a795cbd295198"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6fd08e8d826c3aa4cc7021f5f9cdbb7fa7441d3f"
        },
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        {
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      ],
      "title": "can: bcm: defer rx_op deallocation to workqueue to fix thrtimer UAF",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-72123",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-15T05:53:01.433Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-09T03:40:39.907Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T16:36:18.988Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72123",
      "date": "2026-09-04",
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    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-72123\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-08-15T06:21:29.577\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-19T17:20:59.547\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\ncan: bcm: defer rx_op deallocation to workqueue to fix thrtimer UAF\\n\\nCommit f1b4e32aca08 (\\\"can: bcm: use call_rcu() instead of costly\\nsynchronize_rcu()\\\") replaced synchronize_rcu() in bcm_delete_rx_op()\\nwith call_rcu() and introduced the RX_NO_AUTOTIMER flag.\\n\\nHowever, this flag check was omitted for thrtimer in the packet rx\\nfast-path. During BCM RX operation teardown, a concurrent RCU reader\\n(bcm_rx_handler) can race and re-arm thrtimer via\\nbcm_rx_update_and_send() after call_rcu() has been scheduled.  Once\\nthe RCU grace period elapses, bcm_op is freed.  The subsequently\\nfiring thrtimer then dereferences the deallocated op, causing a UAF.\\n\\nAdding flag checks to the rx fast-path (bcm_rx_update_and_send) does not\\nfully close the TOCTOU race and introduces latency for every CAN frame.\\nConversely, calling hrtimer_cancel() directly inside the RCU callback\\n(softirq context) is fatal as hrtimer_cancel() can sleep, triggering\\na \\\"scheduling while atomic\\\" panic.\\n\\nResolve this by deferring the timer cancellation and memory free to a\\ndedicated unbound workqueue (bcm_wq).  The RCU callback now queues a\\nwork item to bcm_wq, which safely cancels both timers and deallocates\\nmemory in sleepable process context.  A dedicated workqueue is used to\\nprevent system-wide WQ saturation and is cleanly flushed/destroyed\\non module unload to avoid rmmod page faults.\\n\\nSince the deferred work can now outlive the calling context by an\\nunbounded amount, also take a reference on op-\u003esk when it is assigned\\nand drop it only once the deferred work has cancelled both timers, so a\\nsocket can no longer be freed out from under a still-armed timer whose\\ncallback (bcm_send_to_user()) dereferences op-\u003esk.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/can/bcm.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"85cd41070df992d3c0dfd828866fdd243d3b774a\",\"lessThan\":\"de5fce46637de05bef56ec08528127676eb6fc9b\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"f34f2a18e47b73e48f90a757e1f4aaa8c7d665a1\",\"lessThan\":\"036a8c320ca11bc912e8027adcfad14b326f067e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386\",\"lessThan\":\"3cf4fd5316f449811d8baf1bc6978ef5a7b743a9\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386\",\"lessThan\":\"4177762f70646ac48a2af382e45a795cbd295198\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386\",\"lessThan\":\"6fd08e8d826c3aa4cc7021f5f9cdbb7fa7441d3f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386\",\"lessThan\":\"cd830e0bc25ee2d38cbfbdbb3cd77c5f53b2b6d5\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386\",\"lessThan\":\"ce2d4b121fb7545e1ed588e860c8e5fd5ad45224\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"f1b4e32aca0811aa011c76e5d6cf2fa19224b386\",\"lessThan\":\"68973f9db76144825e4f35dfdc80fb8279eb2d57\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"fbac09a3b8890003c0c55294c00709f3ae5501bb\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5b48f5711f1c630841ab78dcc061de902f0e37bf\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"edb4baffb9483141a50fb7f7146cfe4a4c0c2db8\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.130\",\"lessThan\":\"5.10.265\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.54\",\"lessThan\":\"5.15.216\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4.19.252\",\"lessThan\":\"4.20\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5.4.205\",\"lessThan\":\"5.5\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5.18.11\",\"lessThan\":\"5.19\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/can/bcm.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5.19\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"5.19\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.265\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.216\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.178\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.145\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.97\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.40\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.5\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/036a8c320ca11bc912e8027adcfad14b326f067e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3cf4fd5316f449811d8baf1bc6978ef5a7b743a9\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4177762f70646ac48a2af382e45a795cbd295198\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68973f9db76144825e4f35dfdc80fb8279eb2d57\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6fd08e8d826c3aa4cc7021f5f9cdbb7fa7441d3f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cd830e0bc25ee2d38cbfbdbb3cd77c5f53b2b6d5\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ce2d4b121fb7545e1ed588e860c8e5fd5ad45224\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de5fce46637de05bef56ec08528127676eb6fc9b\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-31T11:12:32+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-72123",
      "id": "CVE-2026-72123",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-05-26T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "184",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "93",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: can: bcm: thrtimer use-after-free during RX operation teardown",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-72123.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.