GCVE Workshop - 22 September 2026 (14:00-18:00), Luxembourg Before The Vulnopticon Conference - Registration

CVE-2026-63996 (GCVE-0-2026-63996)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-19 14:56 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:38
VLAI
Title
ethtool: cmis: require exact CDB reply length
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ethtool: cmis: require exact CDB reply length Malicious SFP module could respond with rpl_len longer than what cmis_cdb_process_reply() expected, leading to OOB writes. Malicious HW is a bit theoretical but some modules may just be buggy and/or the reads may occasionally get corrupted, so let's protect the kernel. The existing check protects from short replies. We need to protect from long ones, too. All callers that pass a non-zero rpl_exp_len cast the reply payload to a fixed-layout struct and read fields at fixed offsets, with no version negotiation or short-reply handling: - cmis_cdb_validate_password() - cmis_cdb_module_features_get() - cmis_fw_update_fw_mng_features_get() so let's assume that responses longer than expected do not have to be handled gracefully here. Add a warning message to make the debug easier in case my understanding is wrong... Note that page_data->length (argument of kmalloc) comes from last arg to ethtool_cmis_page_init() which is rpl_exp_len. Note2 that AIs also like to point out overflows in args->req.payload itself (which is a fixed-size 120 B buffer, on the stack), but callers should be reading structs defined by the standard, so protecting from requests for more data than max seem like defensive programming.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291 , < 2f818cc98fd2c63a08239cb48995f6c3bfe9d9b3 (git)
Affected: a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291 , < 4d42fb88ec61f2e98c33a9e3a2de371d5edbc6b1 (git)
Affected: a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291 , < eb5dcd740cd7fa27bc2caeff2d28ef28e93ff4d3 (git)
Affected: a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291 , < 6c3f999a9d1338c6c89a9ff4549eafe72bc2e7b1 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 6.11
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.11 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.93 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.35 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0.12 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/ethtool/cmis_cdb.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2f818cc98fd2c63a08239cb48995f6c3bfe9d9b3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4d42fb88ec61f2e98c33a9e3a2de371d5edbc6b1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "eb5dcd740cd7fa27bc2caeff2d28ef28e93ff4d3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6c3f999a9d1338c6c89a9ff4549eafe72bc2e7b1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/ethtool/cmis_cdb.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.11"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.11",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.93",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.35",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0.12",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.1",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.93",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.11",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.35",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.11",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0.12",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.11",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.11",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nethtool: cmis: require exact CDB reply length\n\nMalicious SFP module could respond with rpl_len longer than\nwhat cmis_cdb_process_reply() expected, leading to OOB writes.\nMalicious HW is a bit theoretical but some modules may just\nbe buggy and/or the reads may occasionally get corrupted,\nso let\u0027s protect the kernel.\n\nThe existing check protects from short replies. We need to\nprotect from long ones, too. All callers that pass a non-zero\nrpl_exp_len cast the reply payload to a fixed-layout struct\nand read fields at fixed offsets, with no version negotiation\nor short-reply handling:\n\n  - cmis_cdb_validate_password()\n  - cmis_cdb_module_features_get()\n  - cmis_fw_update_fw_mng_features_get()\n\nso let\u0027s assume that responses longer than expected do not\nhave to be handled gracefully here. Add a warning message\nto make the debug easier in case my understanding is wrong...\n\nNote that page_data-\u003elength (argument of kmalloc) comes from\nlast arg to ethtool_cmis_page_init() which is rpl_exp_len.\n\nNote2 that AIs also like to point out overflows in args-\u003ereq.payload\nitself (which is a fixed-size 120 B buffer, on the stack),\nbut callers should be reading structs defined by the standard,\nso protecting from requests for more data than max seem like\ndefensive programming."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached only via the local ethtool genetlink firmware-flash path (ETHTOOL_MSG_MODULE_FW_FLASH_ACT), not from remote network input; a malicious transceiver supplies the malformed CDB reply once that local ioctl-like operation is invoked.\nAC:L - A malicious CMIS module can reliably set rpl_len up to 255 on CDB replies; no race or uncontrollable memory layout is required, and an attacker with CAP_NET_ADMIN can bring the netdev down and initiate flashing deterministically.\nPR:L - Triggering module firmware flash requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, which is enforced via GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM/netlink_ns_capable and is obtainable by unprivileged users inside a user namespace (unshare -Urn), not only by init-namespace root.\nUI:N - Exploitation does not require a separate victim user action beyond the attacker (or compromised local process with CAP_NET_ADMIN) issuing the ethtool module firmware-flash command; no interactive victim steps are needed.\nS:U - Impact is kernel stack corruption and potential privilege escalation or denial of service within the same kernel security boundary; this is not a VM escape, sandbox escape, or cross-authority boundary crossing.\nC:H - The out-of-bounds stack write corrupts adjacent kernel stack memory and can be leveraged for arbitrary kernel memory disclosure; related CMIS ethtool bugs in the same path have already caused demonstrable stack corruption.\nI:H - memcpy() can write up to 135 bytes past the 120-byte payload buffer on the kernel stack, enabling control-data corruption and potential arbitrary kernel code execution, not merely a bounded modification.\nA:H - Stack corruption in this CMIS firmware-flash workqueue path can trigger kernel oops/panic (as seen in the related CVE-2025-37791 stack-protector failure in the same call chain) or hang the affected system."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:38:00.530Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f818cc98fd2c63a08239cb48995f6c3bfe9d9b3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d42fb88ec61f2e98c33a9e3a2de371d5edbc6b1"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb5dcd740cd7fa27bc2caeff2d28ef28e93ff4d3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c3f999a9d1338c6c89a9ff4549eafe72bc2e7b1"
        }
      ],
      "title": "ethtool: cmis: require exact CDB reply length",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-63996",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-19T14:56:15.256Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T07:54:57.026Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:38:00.530Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63996",
      "date": "2026-09-04",
      "epss": "0.00129",
      "percentile": "0.028"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-63996\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-07-19T16:17:39.170\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-30T14:51:11.223\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Awaiting Analysis\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nethtool: cmis: require exact CDB reply length\\n\\nMalicious SFP module could respond with rpl_len longer than\\nwhat cmis_cdb_process_reply() expected, leading to OOB writes.\\nMalicious HW is a bit theoretical but some modules may just\\nbe buggy and/or the reads may occasionally get corrupted,\\nso let\u0027s protect the kernel.\\n\\nThe existing check protects from short replies. We need to\\nprotect from long ones, too. All callers that pass a non-zero\\nrpl_exp_len cast the reply payload to a fixed-layout struct\\nand read fields at fixed offsets, with no version negotiation\\nor short-reply handling:\\n\\n  - cmis_cdb_validate_password()\\n  - cmis_cdb_module_features_get()\\n  - cmis_fw_update_fw_mng_features_get()\\n\\nso let\u0027s assume that responses longer than expected do not\\nhave to be handled gracefully here. Add a warning message\\nto make the debug easier in case my understanding is wrong...\\n\\nNote that page_data-\u003elength (argument of kmalloc) comes from\\nlast arg to ethtool_cmis_page_init() which is rpl_exp_len.\\n\\nNote2 that AIs also like to point out overflows in args-\u003ereq.payload\\nitself (which is a fixed-size 120 B buffer, on the stack),\\nbut callers should be reading structs defined by the standard,\\nso protecting from requests for more data than max seem like\\ndefensive programming.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/ethtool/cmis_cdb.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291\",\"lessThan\":\"2f818cc98fd2c63a08239cb48995f6c3bfe9d9b3\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291\",\"lessThan\":\"4d42fb88ec61f2e98c33a9e3a2de371d5edbc6b1\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291\",\"lessThan\":\"eb5dcd740cd7fa27bc2caeff2d28ef28e93ff4d3\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"a39c84d796254e6b1662ca0c46dbc313379e9291\",\"lessThan\":\"6c3f999a9d1338c6c89a9ff4549eafe72bc2e7b1\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"net/ethtool/cmis_cdb.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6.11\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"6.11\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.93\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.35\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.0.12\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.0.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f818cc98fd2c63a08239cb48995f6c3bfe9d9b3\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d42fb88ec61f2e98c33a9e3a2de371d5edbc6b1\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c3f999a9d1338c6c89a9ff4549eafe72bc2e7b1\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb5dcd740cd7fa27bc2caeff2d28ef28e93ff4d3\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-22T00:00:31+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63996",
      "id": "CVE-2026-63996",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-19T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "184",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: ethtool: cmis: require exact CDB reply length",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-63996.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.