CVE-2026-41316 (GCVE-0-2026-41316)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-24 02:35 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:05
VLAI
Title
ERB has an @_init deserialization guard bypass via def_module / def_method / def_class
Summary
ERB is a templating system for Ruby. Ruby 2.7.0 (before ERB 2.2.0 was published on rubygems.org) introduced an `@_init` instance variable guard in `ERB#result` and `ERB#run` to prevent code execution when an ERB object is reconstructed via `Marshal.load` (deserialization). However, three other public methods that also evaluate `@src` via `eval()` were not given the same guard: `ERB#def_method`, `ERB#def_module`, and `ERB#def_class`. An attacker who can trigger `Marshal.load` on untrusted data in a Ruby application that has `erb` loaded can use `ERB#def_module` (zero-arg, default parameters) as a code execution sink, bypassing the `@_init` protection entirely. ERB 4.0.3.1, 4.0.4.1, 6.0.1.1, and 6.0.4 patch the issue.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
  • CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://github.com/ruby/erb/security/advisories/G… x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-41316 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2461369 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… x_sadp-csaf-vex
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33478 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18065 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20606 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20614 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20670 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26312 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26655 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33462 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18039 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18030 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20596 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ruby erb Affected: < 4.0.3.1
Affected: = 4.0.4
Affected: >= 5.0.0, < 6.0.1.1
Affected: >= 6.0.2, < 6.0.4
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0)     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10)     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.1
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)     cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0)     cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.0::appstream
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.4)     cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.4::appstream
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6)     cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)     cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0)     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10)     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.1
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2
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Red Hat Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6)     cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::crb
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9)     cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::crb
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4     cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
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Red Hat Red Hat Hardened Images     cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1
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    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-41316\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-04-25T01:45:02.467085Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-04-25T01:45:39.369Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"ERB has an @_init deserialization guard bypass via def_module / def_method / def_class\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-q339-8rmv-2mhv\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 8.1, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"ruby\", \"product\": \"erb\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c 4.0.3.1\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"= 4.0.4\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 5.0.0, \u003c 6.0.1.1\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 6.0.2, \u003c 6.0.4\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/ruby/erb/security/advisories/GHSA-q339-8rmv-2mhv\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/ruby/erb/security/advisories/GHSA-q339-8rmv-2mhv\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"ERB is a templating system for Ruby. Ruby 2.7.0 (before ERB 2.2.0 was published on rubygems.org) introduced an `@_init` instance variable guard in `ERB#result` and `ERB#run` to prevent code execution when an ERB object is reconstructed via `Marshal.load` (deserialization). However, three other public methods that also evaluate `@src` via `eval()` were not given the same guard: `ERB#def_method`, `ERB#def_module`, and `ERB#def_class`. An attacker who can trigger `Marshal.load` on untrusted data in a Ruby application that has `erb` loaded can use `ERB#def_module` (zero-arg, default parameters) as a code execution sink, bypassing the `@_init` protection entirely. ERB 4.0.3.1, 4.0.4.1, 6.0.1.1, and 6.0.4 patch the issue.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-693\", \"description\": \"CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-04-24T02:35:41.160Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-41316\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-04-25T01:45:43.173Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-04-20T14:01:46.671Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-04-24T02:35:41.160Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.