Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-3125 (GCVE-0-2026-3125)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-04 18:14 – Updated: 2026-03-04 18:58

Title

SSRF vulnerability in opennextjs-cloudflare via /cdn-cgi/ path normalization bypass

Summary

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was identified in the @opennextjs/cloudflare package, resulting from a path normalization bypass in the /cdn-cgi/image/ handler.The @opennextjs/cloudflare worker template includes a /cdn-cgi/image/ handler intended for development use only. In production, Cloudflare's edge intercepts /cdn-cgi/image/ requests before they reach the Worker. However, by substituting a backslash for a forward slash (/cdn-cgi\image/ instead of /cdn-cgi/image/), an attacker can bypass edge interception and have the request reach the Worker directly. The JavaScript URL class then normalizes the backslash to a forward slash, causing the request to match the handler and trigger an unvalidated fetch of arbitrary remote URLs. For example: https://victim-site.com/cdn-cgi\image/aaaa/https://attacker.com In this example, attacker-controlled content from attacker.com is served through the victim site's domain (victim-site.com), violating the same-origin policy and potentially misleading users or other services. Note: This bypass only works via HTTP clients that preserve backslashes in paths (e.g., curl --path-as-is). Browsers normalize backslashes to forward slashes before sending requests. Additionally, Cloudflare Workers with Assets and Cloudflare Pages suffer from a similar vulnerability. Assets stored under /cdn-cgi/ paths are not publicly accessible under normal conditions. However, using the same backslash bypass (/cdn-cgi\... instead of /cdn-cgi/...), these assets become publicly accessible. This could be used to retrieve private data. For example, Open Next projects store incremental cache data under /cdn-cgi/_next_cache, which could be exposed via this bypass.

Severity

7.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-03-04 18:58 UTC

CWE

CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
CWE-706 - Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference

Assigner

cloudflare mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudfla…	patch
https://www.npmjs.com/package/@opennextjs/cloudfl…	product
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rvpw-p7vw-wj3m	related
https://www.cve.org/cverecord?id=CVE-2025-6087	related

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
opennextjs	@opennextjs/cloudflare	Affected: 0 , < 1.17.1 (npm)	guessed

Credits

https://x.com/ez_z3r

Show details on NVD website

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}

FKIE_CVE-2026-3125

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-03-04 19:16 - Updated: 2026-06-17 10:43

Severity

6.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Summary

References

URL	Tags
cna@cloudflare.com	https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rvpw-p7vw-wj3m	Third Party Advisory
cna@cloudflare.com	https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/pull/1147	Issue Tracking, Patch
cna@cloudflare.com	https://www.cve.org/cverecord?id=CVE-2025-6087	Third Party Advisory
cna@cloudflare.com	https://www.npmjs.com/package/@opennextjs/cloudflare/v/1.17.1	Product, Release Notes

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	opennextjs	opennext_for_cloudflare	*

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/@opennextjs/cloudflare",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "packages/cloudflare/src/cli/templates/worker.ts"
          ],
          "packageName": "@opennextjs/cloudflare",
          "platforms": [
            "Cloudflare Workers"
          ],
          "product": "@opennextjs/cloudflare",
          "repo": "https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare",
          "vendor": "opennextjs",
          "versions": [
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              "lessThan": "1.17.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "npm"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "cna@cloudflare.com"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
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              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:opennextjs:opennext_for_cloudflare:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "FFD587A5-A6DA-4D83-9903-7AD395DE5744",
              "versionEndExcluding": "1.17.1",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
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          "negate": false,
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        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was identified in the @opennextjs/cloudflare package, resulting from a path normalization bypass in the /cdn-cgi/image/ handler.The @opennextjs/cloudflare worker template includes a /cdn-cgi/image/ handler intended for development use only. In production, Cloudflare\u0027s edge intercepts /cdn-cgi/image/ requests before they reach the Worker. However, by substituting a backslash for a forward slash (/cdn-cgi\\image/ instead of /cdn-cgi/image/), an attacker can bypass edge interception and have the request reach the Worker directly. The JavaScript URL class then normalizes the backslash to a forward slash, causing the request to match the handler and trigger an unvalidated fetch of arbitrary remote URLs.\n\nFor example: \n\n https://victim-site.com/cdn-cgi\\image/aaaa/https://attacker.com \n\nIn this example, attacker-controlled content from attacker.com is served through the victim site\u0027s domain (victim-site.com), violating the same-origin policy and potentially misleading users or other services.\n\nNote: This bypass only works via HTTP clients that preserve backslashes in paths (e.g., curl --path-as-is). Browsers normalize backslashes to forward slashes before sending requests.\n\nAdditionally, Cloudflare Workers with Assets and Cloudflare Pages suffer from a similar vulnerability. Assets stored under /cdn-cgi/ paths are not publicly accessible under normal conditions. However, using the same backslash bypass (/cdn-cgi\\... instead of /cdn-cgi/...), these assets become publicly accessible. This could be used to retrieve private data. For example, Open Next projects store incremental cache data under /cdn-cgi/_next_cache, which could be exposed via this bypass."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Una vulnerabilidad de falsificaci\u00f3n de petici\u00f3n del lado del servidor (SSRF) fue identificada en el paquete @opennextjs/cloudflare, resultante de un bypass de normalizaci\u00f3n de ruta en el gestor /cdn-cgi/image/. La plantilla de worker @opennextjs/cloudflare incluye un gestor /cdn-cgi/image/ destinado solo para uso en desarrollo. En producci\u00f3n, el edge de Cloudflare intercepta las peticiones /cdn-cgi/image/ antes de que lleguen al Worker. Sin embargo, al sustituir una barra invertida por una barra inclinada (/cdn-cgi\\image/ en lugar de /cdn-cgi/image/), un atacante puede eludir la intercepci\u00f3n del edge y hacer que la petici\u00f3n llegue directamente al Worker. La clase URL de JavaScript luego normaliza la barra invertida a una barra inclinada, haciendo que la petici\u00f3n coincida con el gestor y desencadene una obtenci\u00f3n no validada de URLs remotas arbitrarias.\n\nPor ejemplo:\n\nhttps://victim-site.com/cdn-cgi\\image/aaaa/https://attacker.com\n\nEn este ejemplo, contenido controlado por el atacante de attacker.com se sirve a trav\u00e9s del dominio del sitio v\u00edctima (victim-site.com), violando la pol\u00edtica de mismo origen y potencialmente enga\u00f1ando a usuarios u otros servicios.\n\nNota: Este bypass solo funciona a trav\u00e9s de clientes HTTP que preservan las barras invertidas en las rutas (p. ej., curl --path-as-is). Los navegadores normalizan las barras invertidas a barras inclinadas antes de enviar las peticiones.\n\nAdem\u00e1s, Cloudflare Workers con Assets y Cloudflare Pages sufren de una vulnerabilidad similar. Los Assets almacenados bajo rutas /cdn-cgi/ no son accesibles p\u00fablicamente bajo condiciones normales. Sin embargo, utilizando el mismo bypass de barra invertida (/cdn-cgi\\... en lugar de /cdn-cgi/...), estos assets se vuelven accesibles p\u00fablicamente. Esto podr\u00eda usarse para recuperar datos privados. Por ejemplo, los proyectos Open Next almacenan datos de cach\u00e9 incremental bajo /cdn-cgi/_next_cache, que podr\u00edan ser expuestos a trav\u00e9s de este bypass."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-3125",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:43:05.107",
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        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
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          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
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          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "version": "4.0",
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          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
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        "source": "cna@cloudflare.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
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          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-03-04T18:58:41.207814Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
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  "published": "2026-03-04T19:16:19.730",
  "references": [
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      "source": "cna@cloudflare.com",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
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      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rvpw-p7vw-wj3m"
    },
    {
      "source": "cna@cloudflare.com",
      "tags": [
        "Issue Tracking",
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/pull/1147"
    },
    {
      "source": "cna@cloudflare.com",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/cverecord?id=CVE-2025-6087"
    },
    {
      "source": "cna@cloudflare.com",
      "tags": [
        "Product",
        "Release Notes"
      ],
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/@opennextjs/cloudflare/v/1.17.1"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "cna@cloudflare.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-706"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-918"
        }
      ],
      "source": "cna@cloudflare.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    },
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-918"
        }
      ],
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C7MQ-GH6Q-6Q7C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-05 00:57 – Updated: 2026-03-05 00:57

Summary

opennextjs-cloudflare has SSRF vulnerability via /cdn-cgi/ path normalization bypass

Details

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was identified in the @opennextjs/cloudflare package, resulting from a path normalization bypass in the /cdn-cgi/image/ handler.

The @opennextjs/cloudflare worker template includes a /cdn-cgi/image/ handler intended for development use only. In production, Cloudflare's edge intercepts /cdn-cgi/image/ requests before they reach the Worker. However, by substituting a backslash for a forward slash (/cdn-cgi\image/ instead of /cdn-cgi/image/), an attacker can bypass edge interception and have the request reach the Worker directly. The JavaScript URL class then normalizes the backslash to a forward slash, causing the request to match the handler and trigger an unvalidated fetch of arbitrary remote URLs.

For example: https://victim-site.com/cdn-cgi\image/aaaa/https://attacker.com

In this example, attacker-controlled content from attacker.com is served through the victim site's domain (victim-site.com), violating the same-origin policy and potentially misleading users or other services.

Note: This bypass only works via HTTP clients that preserve backslashes in paths (e.g., curl --path-as-is). Browsers normalize backslashes to forward slashes before sending requests.

Additionally, Cloudflare Workers with Assets and Cloudflare Pages suffer from a similar vulnerability. Assets stored under /cdn-cgi/ paths are not publicly accessible under normal conditions. However, using the same backslash bypass (/cdn-cgi... instead of /cdn-cgi/...), these assets become publicly accessible. This could be used to retrieve private data. For example, Open Next projects store incremental cache data under /cdn-cgi/_next_cache, which could be exposed via this bypass.

Impact

SSRF via path normalization bypass of Cloudflare edge interception
Arbitrary remote content loading under the victim site's domain
Same-origin policy bypass
Potential for infrastructure abuse (scanning from Cloudflare IP space, worker resource exhaustion)
Exposure of private assets stored under /cdn-cgi/ paths. For example, Open Next projects store incremental cache data under /cdn-cgi/_next_cache, which could be exposed via this bypass.

Credits

Disclosed responsibly by security researcher @Ezzer17.

Mitigations

The following mitigations have been put in place:

Server-side updates to Cloudflare's Workers platform to block backslash path normalization bypasses for /cdn-cgi requests. The update automatically mitigates the issue for all existing and any future sites deployed to Cloudflare Workers.

In addition to the platform level fix, Root cause fix has been implemented to the Cloudflare adapter for Open Next. The patched version of the adapter is found at @opennextjs/cloudflare@1.17.1 (https://www.npmjs.com/package/@opennextjs/cloudflare)

Dependency update to the Next.js template used with create-cloudflare (c3) to use the fixed version of the Cloudflare adapter for Open Next. Despite the automatic mitigation deployed on Cloudflare's platform, we encourage affected users to upgrade to the patched version of @opennextjs/cloudflare.

Severity

7.7 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@opennextjs/cloudflare"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.17.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-3125"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-706",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-05T00:57:07Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-04T19:16:19Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was identified in the @opennextjs/cloudflare package, resulting from a path normalization bypass in the /cdn-cgi/image/ handler.\n\nThe @opennextjs/cloudflare worker template includes a /cdn-cgi/image/ handler intended for development use only. In production, Cloudflare\u0027s edge intercepts /cdn-cgi/image/ requests before they reach the Worker. However, by substituting a backslash for a forward slash (/cdn-cgi\\image/ instead of /cdn-cgi/image/), an attacker can bypass edge interception and have the request reach the Worker directly. The JavaScript URL class then normalizes the backslash to a forward slash, causing the request to match the handler and trigger an unvalidated fetch of arbitrary remote URLs.\n\nFor example: https://victim-site.com/cdn-cgi\\image/aaaa/https://attacker.com\n\nIn this example, attacker-controlled content from attacker.com is served through the victim site\u0027s domain (victim-site.com), violating the same-origin policy and potentially misleading users or other services.\n\nNote: This bypass only works via HTTP clients that preserve backslashes in paths (e.g., curl --path-as-is). Browsers normalize backslashes to forward slashes before sending requests.\n\nAdditionally, Cloudflare Workers with Assets and Cloudflare Pages  suffer from a similar vulnerability. Assets stored under /cdn-cgi/ paths are not publicly accessible under normal conditions. However, using the same backslash bypass (/cdn-cgi\\... instead of /cdn-cgi/...), these assets become publicly accessible. This could be used to retrieve private data. For example, Open Next projects store incremental cache data under /cdn-cgi/_next_cache, which could be exposed via this bypass.\n\n### Impact\n\n- SSRF via path normalization bypass of Cloudflare edge interception\n- Arbitrary remote content loading under the victim site\u0027s domain\n- Same-origin policy bypass\n- Potential for infrastructure abuse (scanning from Cloudflare IP space, worker resource exhaustion)\n- Exposure of private assets stored under /cdn-cgi/ paths. For example, Open Next projects store incremental cache data under /cdn-cgi/_next_cache, which could be exposed via this bypass.\n\n### Credits\n\nDisclosed responsibly by security researcher @Ezzer17.\n\n### Mitigations\n\nThe following mitigations have been put in place:\n\nServer-side updates to Cloudflare\u0027s Workers platform to block backslash path normalization bypasses for /cdn-cgi requests. The update automatically mitigates the issue for all existing and any future sites deployed to Cloudflare Workers.\n\nIn addition to the platform level fix, [Root cause fix](https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/pull/1147) has been implemented to the Cloudflare adapter for Open Next. The patched version of the adapter is found at @opennextjs/cloudflare@1.17.1 (https://www.npmjs.com/package/@opennextjs/cloudflare)\n\n[Dependency update](https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/pull/1150) to the Next.js template used with create-cloudflare (c3) to use the fixed version of the Cloudflare adapter for Open Next. Despite the automatic mitigation deployed on Cloudflare\u0027s platform, we encourage affected users to upgrade to the patched version of @opennextjs/cloudflare.",
  "id": "GHSA-c7mq-gh6q-6q7c",
  "modified": "2026-03-05T00:57:07Z",
  "published": "2026-03-05T00:57:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/security/advisories/GHSA-c7mq-gh6q-6q7c"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3125"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/pull/1147"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare/commit/f5bd138fd3c77e02f2aa4b9c76d55681e59e98b4"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-rvpw-p7vw-wj3m"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/opennextjs/opennextjs-cloudflare"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/cverecord?id=CVE-2025-6087"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/@opennextjs/cloudflare/v/1.17.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "opennextjs-cloudflare has SSRF vulnerability via /cdn-cgi/ path normalization bypass"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

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Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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Action not permitted

CVE-2026-3125 (GCVE-0-2026-3125)

FKIE_CVE-2026-3125

GHSA-C7MQ-GH6Q-6Q7C

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