CVE-2026-13149 (GCVE-0-2026-13149)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 08:30 – Updated: 2026-07-08 11:38
VLAI
Summary
brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.
Severity
7.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-30 12:43 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
juliangruber brace-expansion Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.0.6 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Credits
bnbdr
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-13149",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-30T12:43:12.568372Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:43:23.029Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://registry.npmjs.org",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "brace-expansion",
          "product": "brace-expansion",
          "repo": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion",
          "vendor": "juliangruber",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.0.6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "bnbdr"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work."
            }
          ],
          "value": "brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-469",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-469 HTTP DoS"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "YES",
            "Recovery": "USER",
            "Safety": "NEGLIGIBLE",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 7.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "exploitMaturity": "PROOF_OF_CONCEPT",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "AMBER",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "DIFFUSE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "MODERATE"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-400",
              "description": "CWE-400 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            },
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-407",
              "description": "CWE-407 Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-08T11:38:35.974Z",
        "orgId": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
        "shortName": "seal"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/brace-expansion"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "INTERNAL"
      },
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
    "assignerShortName": "seal",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-13149",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-30T08:30:34.502Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-24T10:17:07.027Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-08T11:38:35.974Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-13149",
      "date": "2026-08-25",
      "epss": "0.00364",
      "percentile": "0.29099"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-13149\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df\",\"published\":\"2026-06-30T10:16:34.560\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-08T12:17:20.087\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Deferred\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"juliangruber\",\"product\":\"brace-expansion\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"collectionURL\":\"https://registry.npmjs.org\",\"packageName\":\"brace-expansion\",\"repo\":\"https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.0.6\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV40\":[{\"source\":\"22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"4.0\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber\",\"baseScore\":7.7,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"attackRequirements\":\"NONE\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"vulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"vulnIntegrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"vulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"subConfidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subIntegrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subAvailabilityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"exploitMaturity\":\"PROOF_OF_CONCEPT\",\"confidentialityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"integrityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"availabilityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackVector\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackComplexity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackRequirements\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedPrivilegesRequired\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedUserInteraction\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Safety\":\"NEGLIGIBLE\",\"Automatable\":\"YES\",\"Recovery\":\"USER\",\"valueDensity\":\"DIFFUSE\",\"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\":\"MODERATE\",\"providerUrgency\":\"AMBER\"}}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2026-06-30T12:43:12.568372Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2026-13149\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"none\"},{\"automatable\":\"yes\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"partial\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-400\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-407\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754\",\"source\":\"22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.npmjs.com/package/brace-expansion\",\"source\":\"22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-25T13:19:15+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-13149",
      "id": "CVE-2026-13149",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-06-30T08:30:34.502000+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "652",
      "product_status:known_affected": "76",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1651",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "brace-expansion: Brace-expansion: Denial of Service due to exponential-time complexity",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-13149.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-13149\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-06-30T12:43:12.568372Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-30T12:43:19.177Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"source\": {\"discovery\": \"INTERNAL\"}, \"credits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"finder\", \"value\": \"bnbdr\"}], \"impacts\": [{\"capecId\": \"CAPEC-469\", \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"CAPEC-469 HTTP DoS\"}]}], \"metrics\": [{\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV4_0\": {\"Safety\": \"NEGLIGIBLE\", \"version\": \"4.0\", \"Recovery\": \"USER\", \"baseScore\": 7.7, \"Automatable\": \"YES\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"valueDensity\": \"DIFFUSE\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber\", \"exploitMaturity\": \"PROOF_OF_CONCEPT\", \"providerUrgency\": \"AMBER\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"attackRequirements\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"subIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"subAvailabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnAvailabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\": \"MODERATE\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"juliangruber\", \"product\": \"brace-expansion\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.0.6\"}], \"platforms\": [\"Linux\", \"macOS\", \"Windows\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.npmjs.com/package/brace-expansion\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"Vulnogram 1.0.2\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-400\", \"description\": \"CWE-400 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-407\", \"description\": \"CWE-407 Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df\", \"shortName\": \"seal\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-30T08:30:34.502Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-13149\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-30T12:43:23.029Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-06-24T10:17:07.027Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-06-30T08:30:34.502Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"seal\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.