CVE-2026-12001 (GCVE-0-2026-12001)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 20:08 – Updated: 2026-08-11 21:03
VLAI
Title
Hardcoded Credential Vulnerability in Multiple TP-Link Router Models
Summary
A hardcoded credential vulnerability exists in the firmware of multiple TP-Link routers (TL-WR845N v4, TL-WR850N v3, TL-WR902AC v4, Archer C20 v6 & Archer MR200 v5).  Authentication-related credential material is embedded within a password file in the firmware image and may be recovered through firmware analysis. Successful exploitation could result in unauthorized access to privileged functions on affected devices.
Severity
5.2 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-28 15:09 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Assigner
TPLink CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 87/100 over 110 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
TP-Link Systems Inc. TL-WR850N v3 Affected: 0 , < TL-WR850N(IN)_V3.48_3.16.0 Build 260422_2048 (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer C20 v6 Affected: 0 , < Archer C20(US)_V6_250630 (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
TP Link Systems Inc. TL-WR845N v4 Affected: 0 , < TL-WR845N(UN)_V4_250401 (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
TP-Link Systems Inc. Archer MR200 v5 Affected: 0 , < EU_V5.20_1.3.0 Build 260319 (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
TP Link Systems Inc. TL-WR902AC v4 Affected: 0 , < US_V4_0.9.1 Build 260810 (custom)
Affected: 0 , < EU_V4_0.9.3 Build 260728 (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Carlos Trujillo Swaroop Dora, Akash Singh, Parth Chaurasia, Devel Lunkad, Ashutosh Kumar and S.Venkatesan , IoT Security Lab, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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              "value": "A hardcoded credential\nvulnerability exists in the firmware of multiple TP-Link routers (TL-WR845N v4, TL-WR850N v3, TL-WR902AC v4, Archer C20 v6 \u0026 Archer MR200 v5). \u00a0Authentication-related credential material is\nembedded within a password file in the firmware image and may be recovered\nthrough firmware analysis.\n\n\n\n\n\nSuccessful\nexploitation could result in unauthorized access to privileged functions on\naffected devices."
            }
          ],
          "impacts": [
            {
              "capecId": "CAPEC-70",
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CAPEC-70 Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV4_0": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
                "baseScore": 5.2,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "format": "CVSS",
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "GENERAL"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-798",
                  "description": "CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-08-11T21:03:54.866Z",
            "orgId": "f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630",
            "shortName": "TPLink"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/archer-mr200/v5/#Firmware"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/in/support/download/archer-mr200/v5/#Firmware"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/archer-c20/v6/#Firmware"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-c20/v6/#Firmware"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/in/support/download/archer-c20/v6/#Firmware"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/tl-wr845n/#Firmware"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/in/support/download/tl-wr845n/#Firmware"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/in/support/download/tl-wr850n/#Firmware"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/5210/"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/tl-wr902ac/v4/#Firmware"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/tl-wr902ac/v4/#Firmware"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
          },
          "title": "Hardcoded Credential Vulnerability in Multiple TP-Link Router Models",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630",
        "assignerShortName": "TPLink",
        "cveId": "CVE-2026-12001",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-27T20:08:50.230Z",
        "dateReserved": "2026-06-11T16:23:35.413Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-11T21:03:54.866Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

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    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.