GCVE Workshop - 22 September 2026 (14:00-18:00), Luxembourg Before The Vulnopticon Conference - Registration

CVE-2025-61729 (GCVE-0-2025-61729)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-02 18:54 – Updated: 2025-12-03 19:37
VLAI
Title
Excessive resource consumption when printing error string for host certificate validation in crypto/x509
Summary
Within HostnameError.Error(), when constructing an error string, there is no limit to the number of hosts that will be printed out. Furthermore, the error string is constructed by repeated string concatenation, leading to quadratic runtime. Therefore, a certificate provided by a malicious actor can result in excessive resource consumption.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-02 21:52 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Go standard library crypto/x509 Affected: 0 , < 1.24.11 (semver)
Affected: 1.25.0 , < 1.25.5 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Philippe Antoine (Catena cyber)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 7.5,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "NONE",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-61729",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-02T21:52:36.341575Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-12-02T21:52:58.224Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://pkg.go.dev",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "crypto/x509",
          "product": "crypto/x509",
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "Certificate.VerifyHostname"
            },
            {
              "name": "Certificate.Verify"
            }
          ],
          "vendor": "Go standard library",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.24.11",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "1.25.5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.25.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Philippe Antoine (Catena cyber)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Within HostnameError.Error(), when constructing an error string, there is no limit to the number of hosts that will be printed out. Furthermore, the error string is constructed by repeated string concatenation, leading to quadratic runtime. Therefore, a certificate provided by a malicious actor can result in excessive resource consumption."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption",
              "lang": "en"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-12-03T19:37:14.903Z",
        "orgId": "1bb62c36-49e3-4200-9d77-64a1400537cc",
        "shortName": "Go"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://go.dev/cl/725920"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://go.dev/issue/76445"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/8FJoBkPddm4"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-4155"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Excessive resource consumption when printing error string for host certificate validation in crypto/x509"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1bb62c36-49e3-4200-9d77-64a1400537cc",
    "assignerShortName": "Go",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-61729",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-02T18:54:10.166Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-09-30T15:05:03.605Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-12-03T19:37:14.903Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-61729",
      "date": "2026-09-13",
      "epss": "0.00457",
      "percentile": "0.38427"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-09T14:56:05.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-61729",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2025-61729",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-12-05T01:01:55.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "18",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "7",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "Excessive resource consumption when printing error string for host certificate validation in crypto/x509",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-61729.json",
      "version": "18"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-61729\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security@golang.org\",\"published\":\"2025-12-02T19:15:51.447\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T09:50:48.507\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Within HostnameError.Error(), when constructing an error string, there is no limit to the number of hosts that will be printed out. Furthermore, the error string is constructed by repeated string concatenation, leading to quadratic runtime. Therefore, a certificate provided by a malicious actor can result in excessive resource consumption.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"security@golang.org\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Go standard library\",\"product\":\"crypto/x509\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"collectionURL\":\"https://pkg.go.dev\",\"packageName\":\"crypto/x509\",\"programRoutines\":[{\"name\":\"Certificate.VerifyHostname\"},{\"name\":\"Certificate.Verify\"}],\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"1.24.11\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1.25.0\",\"lessThan\":\"1.25.5\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":3.6}],\"ssvcV203\":[{\"source\":\"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\",\"ssvcData\":{\"timestamp\":\"2025-12-02T21:52:36.341575Z\",\"id\":\"CVE-2025-61729\",\"options\":[{\"exploitation\":\"none\"},{\"automatable\":\"no\"},{\"technicalImpact\":\"partial\"}],\"role\":\"CISA Coordinator\",\"version\":\"2.0.3\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-295\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:golang:go:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"1.24.11\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F2E6FD2A-A487-4099-B91D-2429F286AC6D\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:golang:go:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"1.25.0\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"1.25.5\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"39C03A37-B94B-46E4-B1C2-A70A870F8E53\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://go.dev/cl/725920\",\"source\":\"security@golang.org\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://go.dev/issue/76445\",\"source\":\"security@golang.org\",\"tags\":[\"Issue Tracking\",\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/8FJoBkPddm4\",\"source\":\"security@golang.org\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Release Notes\"]},{\"url\":\"https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-4155\",\"source\":\"security@golang.org\",\"tags\":[\"Vendor Advisory\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-13T11:58:45+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-61729",
      "id": "CVE-2025-61729",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-12-02T18:54:10.166000+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "8116",
      "product_status:known_affected": "433",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "5143",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "crypto/x509: golang: Denial of Service due to excessive resource consumption via crafted certificate",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-61729.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.5, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-61729\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-12-02T21:52:36.341575Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-12-02T21:52:53.822Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Excessive resource consumption when printing error string for host certificate validation in crypto/x509\", \"credits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Philippe Antoine (Catena cyber)\"}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"Go standard library\", \"product\": \"crypto/x509\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"1.24.11\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"1.25.0\", \"lessThan\": \"1.25.5\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}], \"packageName\": \"crypto/x509\", \"collectionURL\": \"https://pkg.go.dev\", \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\", \"programRoutines\": [{\"name\": \"Certificate.VerifyHostname\"}, {\"name\": \"Certificate.Verify\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://go.dev/cl/725920\"}, {\"url\": \"https://go.dev/issue/76445\"}, {\"url\": \"https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/8FJoBkPddm4\"}, {\"url\": \"https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-4155\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Within HostnameError.Error(), when constructing an error string, there is no limit to the number of hosts that will be printed out. Furthermore, the error string is constructed by repeated string concatenation, leading to quadratic runtime. Therefore, a certificate provided by a malicious actor can result in excessive resource consumption.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"description\": \"CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"1bb62c36-49e3-4200-9d77-64a1400537cc\", \"shortName\": \"Go\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-12-03T19:37:14.903Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-61729\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-12-03T19:37:14.903Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-09-30T15:05:03.605Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"1bb62c36-49e3-4200-9d77-64a1400537cc\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-12-02T18:54:10.166Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Go\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.