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Vulnerability from cleanstart
Published
2026-04-10 01:03
Modified
2026-04-09 09:55
Summary
During chain building, the amount of work that is done is not correctly limited when a large number of intermediate certificates are passed in VerifyOptions
Details
Multiple security vulnerabilities affect the gitness package. During chain building, the amount of work that is done is not correctly limited when a large number of intermediate certificates are passed in VerifyOptions. See references for individual vulnerability details.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
References
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "CleanStart",
"name": "gitness"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.3.0-r1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [],
"database_specific": {},
"details": "Multiple security vulnerabilities affect the gitness package. During chain building, the amount of work that is done is not correctly limited when a large number of intermediate certificates are passed in VerifyOptions. See references for individual vulnerability details.",
"id": "CLEANSTART-2026-AC01087",
"modified": "2026-04-09T09:55:12Z",
"published": "2026-04-10T01:03:59.042951Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/cleanstart-dev/cleanstart-security-advisories/tree/main/advisories/2026/CLEANSTART-2026-AC01087.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-22868"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-30153"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-61726"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-61728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-61729"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-61730"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-68119"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-32280"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-32281"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-32282"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-32283"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-32289"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-33186"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-33540"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-33810"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-35172"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-4vq8-7jfc-9cvp"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-f6x5-jh6r-wrfv"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-j5w8-q4qc-rx2x"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/ghsa-vrw8-fxc6-2r93"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22868"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30153"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61726"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61729"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61730"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68119"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32280"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32281"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32282"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32283"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32289"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33186"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33540"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33810"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35172"
}
],
"related": [],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
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}
],
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"upstream": [
"CVE-2025-22868",
"CVE-2025-30153",
"CVE-2025-61726",
"CVE-2025-61728",
"CVE-2025-61729",
"CVE-2025-61730",
"CVE-2025-68119",
"CVE-2026-32280",
"CVE-2026-32281",
"CVE-2026-32282",
"CVE-2026-32283",
"CVE-2026-32289",
"CVE-2026-33186",
"CVE-2026-33540",
"CVE-2026-33810",
"CVE-2026-35172",
"ghsa-4vq8-7jfc-9cvp",
"ghsa-f6x5-jh6r-wrfv",
"ghsa-j5w8-q4qc-rx2x",
"ghsa-vrw8-fxc6-2r93"
]
}
CVE-2025-61726 (GCVE-0-2025-61726)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-28 19:30 – Updated: 2026-01-29 18:31
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Memory exhaustion in query parameter parsing in net/url
Summary
The net/url package does not set a limit on the number of query parameters in a query. While the maximum size of query parameters in URLs is generally limited by the maximum request header size, the net/http.Request.ParseForm method can parse large URL-encoded forms. Parsing a large form containing many unique query parameters can cause excessive memory consumption.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | net/url |
Affected:
0 , < 1.24.12
(semver)
Affected: 1.25.0 , < 1.25.6 (semver) |
Credits
jub0bs
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CVE-2025-68119 (GCVE-0-2025-68119)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-28 19:30 – Updated: 2026-02-26 15:04
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Unexpected code execution when invoking toolchain in cmd/go
Summary
Downloading and building modules with malicious version strings can cause local code execution. On systems with Mercurial (hg) installed, downloading modules from non-standard sources (e.g., custom domains) can cause unexpected code execution due to how external VCS commands are constructed. This issue can also be triggered by providing a malicious version string to the toolchain. On systems with Git installed, downloading and building modules with malicious version strings can allow an attacker to write to arbitrary files on the filesystem. This can only be triggered by explicitly providing the malicious version strings to the toolchain and does not affect usage of @latest or bare module paths.
Severity ?
CWE
- CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go toolchain | cmd/go |
Affected:
1.25.0 , < 1.25.6
(semver)
|
Credits
splitline (@splitline) from DEVCORE Research Team
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CVE-2026-33186 (GCVE-0-2026-33186)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 22:23 – Updated: 2026-03-24 18:09
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
gRPC-Go has an authorization bypass via missing leading slash in :path
Summary
gRPC-Go is the Go language implementation of gRPC. Versions prior to 1.79.3 have an authorization bypass resulting from improper input validation of the HTTP/2 `:path` pseudo-header. The gRPC-Go server was too lenient in its routing logic, accepting requests where the `:path` omitted the mandatory leading slash (e.g., `Service/Method` instead of `/Service/Method`). While the server successfully routed these requests to the correct handler, authorization interceptors (including the official `grpc/authz` package) evaluated the raw, non-canonical path string. Consequently, "deny" rules defined using canonical paths (starting with `/`) failed to match the incoming request, allowing it to bypass the policy if a fallback "allow" rule was present. This affects gRPC-Go servers that use path-based authorization interceptors, such as the official RBAC implementation in `google.golang.org/grpc/authz` or custom interceptors relying on `info.FullMethod` or `grpc.Method(ctx)`; AND that have a security policy contains specific "deny" rules for canonical paths but allows other requests by default (a fallback "allow" rule). The vulnerability is exploitable by an attacker who can send raw HTTP/2 frames with malformed `:path` headers directly to the gRPC server. The fix in version 1.79.3 ensures that any request with a `:path` that does not start with a leading slash is immediately rejected with a `codes.Unimplemented` error, preventing it from reaching authorization interceptors or handlers with a non-canonical path string. While upgrading is the most secure and recommended path, users can mitigate the vulnerability using one of the following methods: Use a validating interceptor (recommended mitigation); infrastructure-level normalization; and/or policy hardening.
Severity ?
9.1 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-285 - Improper Authorization
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
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CVE-2025-61730 (GCVE-0-2025-61730)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-28 19:30 – Updated: 2026-02-02 17:28
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Handshake messages may be processed at the incorrect encryption level in crypto/tls
Summary
During the TLS 1.3 handshake if multiple messages are sent in records that span encryption level boundaries (for instance the Client Hello and Encrypted Extensions messages), the subsequent messages may be processed before the encryption level changes. This can cause some minor information disclosure if a network-local attacker can inject messages during the handshake.
Severity ?
5.3 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-940 - Improper Verification of Source of a Communication Channel
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | crypto/tls |
Affected:
0 , < 1.24.12
(semver)
Affected: 1.25.0 , < 1.25.6 (semver) |
Credits
Coia Prant (github.com/rbqvq)
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CVE-2026-32281 (GCVE-0-2026-32281)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 01:06 – Updated: 2026-04-13 18:19
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Inefficient policy validation in crypto/x509
Summary
Validating certificate chains which use policies is unexpectedly inefficient when certificates in the chain contain a very large number of policy mappings, possibly causing denial of service. This only affects validation of otherwise trusted certificate chains, issued by a root CA in the VerifyOptions.Roots CertPool, or in the system certificate pool.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | crypto/x509 |
Affected:
0 , < 1.25.9
(semver)
Affected: 1.26.0-0 , < 1.26.2 (semver) |
Credits
Jakub Ciolek - https://ciolek.dev
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CVE-2026-32283 (GCVE-0-2026-32283)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 01:06 – Updated: 2026-04-13 18:19
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Unauthenticated TLS 1.3 KeyUpdate record can cause persistent connection retention and DoS in crypto/tls
Summary
If one side of the TLS connection sends multiple key update messages post-handshake in a single record, the connection can deadlock, causing uncontrolled consumption of resources. This can lead to a denial of service. This only affects TLS 1.3.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-667 - Improper Locking
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | crypto/tls |
Affected:
0 , < 1.25.9
(semver)
Affected: 1.26.0-0 , < 1.26.2 (semver) |
Credits
Jakub Ciolek - https://ciolek.dev/
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CVE-2026-33540 (GCVE-0-2026-33540)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 14:55 – Updated: 2026-04-06 15:04
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Distribution affected by pull-through cache credential exfiltration via www-authenticate bearer realm
Summary
Distribution is a toolkit to pack, ship, store, and deliver container content. Prior to 3.1.0, in pull-through cache mode, distribution discovers token auth endpoints by parsing WWW-Authenticate challenges returned by the configured upstream registry. The realm URL from a bearer challenge is used without validating that it matches the upstream registry host. As a result, an attacker-controlled upstream (or an attacker with MitM position to the upstream) can cause distribution to send the configured upstream credentials via basic auth to an attacker-controlled realm URL. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.1.0.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| distribution | distribution |
Affected:
< 3.1.0
|
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CVE-2025-61728 (GCVE-0-2025-61728)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-28 19:30 – Updated: 2026-01-29 18:30
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Excessive CPU consumption when building archive index in archive/zip
Summary
archive/zip uses a super-linear file name indexing algorithm that is invoked the first time a file in an archive is opened. This can lead to a denial of service when consuming a maliciously constructed ZIP archive.
Severity ?
6.5 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | archive/zip |
Affected:
0 , < 1.24.12
(semver)
Affected: 1.25.0 , < 1.25.6 (semver) |
Credits
Jakub Ciolek
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CVE-2026-32289 (GCVE-0-2026-32289)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 01:06 – Updated: 2026-04-13 18:20
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
JsBraceDepth Context Tracking Bugs (XSS) in html/template
Summary
Context was not properly tracked across template branches for JS template literals, leading to possibly incorrect escaping of content when branches were used. Additionally template actions within JS template literals did not properly track the brace depth, leading to incorrect escaping being applied. These issues could cause actions within JS template literals to be incorrectly or improperly escaped, leading to XSS vulnerabilities.
Severity ?
6.1 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | html/template |
Affected:
0 , < 1.25.9
(semver)
Affected: 1.26.0-0 , < 1.26.2 (semver) |
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CVE-2025-61729 (GCVE-0-2025-61729)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-02 18:54 – Updated: 2025-12-03 19:37
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Excessive resource consumption when printing error string for host certificate validation in crypto/x509
Summary
Within HostnameError.Error(), when constructing an error string, there is no limit to the number of hosts that will be printed out. Furthermore, the error string is constructed by repeated string concatenation, leading to quadratic runtime. Therefore, a certificate provided by a malicious actor can result in excessive resource consumption.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | crypto/x509 |
Affected:
0 , < 1.24.11
(semver)
Affected: 1.25.0 , < 1.25.5 (semver) |
Credits
Philippe Antoine (Catena cyber)
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CVE-2025-30153 (GCVE-0-2025-30153)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-19 16:03 – Updated: 2025-03-19 18:25
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification) in github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter
Summary
kin-openapi is a Go project for handling OpenAPI files. Prior to 0.131.0, when validating a request with a multipart/form-data schema, if the OpenAPI schema allows it, an attacker can upload a crafted ZIP file (e.g., a ZIP bomb), causing the server to consume all available system memory. The root cause comes from the ZipFileBodyDecoder, which is registered automatically by the module (contrary to what the documentation says). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.131.0.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| getkin | kin-openapi |
Affected:
< 0.131.0
|
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CVE-2026-32280 (GCVE-0-2026-32280)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 01:06 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:46
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Unexpected work during chain building in crypto/x509
Summary
During chain building, the amount of work that is done is not correctly limited when a large number of intermediate certificates are passed in VerifyOptions.Intermediates, which can lead to a denial of service. This affects both direct users of crypto/x509 and users of crypto/tls.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | crypto/x509 |
Affected:
0 , < 1.25.9
(semver)
Affected: 1.26.0-0 , < 1.26.2 (semver) |
Credits
Jakub Ciolek - https://ciolek.dev
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CVE-2026-32282 (GCVE-0-2026-32282)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 01:06 – Updated: 2026-04-13 18:20
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
TOCTOU permits root escape on Linux via Root.Chmod in os in internal/syscall/unix
Summary
On Linux, if the target of Root.Chmod is replaced with a symlink while the chmod operation is in progress, Chmod can operate on the target of the symlink, even when the target lies outside the root. The Linux fchmodat syscall silently ignores the AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW flag, which Root.Chmod uses to avoid symlink traversal. Root.Chmod checks its target before acting and returns an error if the target is a symlink lying outside the root, so the impact is limited to cases where the target is replaced with a symlink between the check and operation.
Severity ?
6.4 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-61 - UNIX Symbolic Link (Symlink) Following
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | internal/syscall/unix |
Affected:
0 , < 1.25.9
(semver)
Affected: 1.26.0-0 , < 1.26.2 (semver) |
Credits
Uuganbayar Lkhamsuren (https://github.com/uug4na)
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"Automatable": "no"
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}
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"cna": {
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"collectionURL": "https://pkg.go.dev",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageName": "internal/syscall/unix",
"platforms": [
"linux"
],
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{
"name": "Fchmodat"
}
],
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"value": "On Linux, if the target of Root.Chmod is replaced with a symlink while the chmod operation is in progress, Chmod can operate on the target of the symlink, even when the target lies outside the root. The Linux fchmodat syscall silently ignores the AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW flag, which Root.Chmod uses to avoid symlink traversal. Root.Chmod checks its target before acting and returns an error if the target is a symlink lying outside the root, so the impact is limited to cases where the target is replaced with a symlink between the check and operation."
}
],
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"descriptions": [
{
"description": "CWE-61: UNIX Symbolic Link (Symlink) Following",
"lang": "en"
}
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}
],
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"dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T01:06:55.953Z",
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"url": "https://go.dev/cl/763761"
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"url": "https://go.dev/issue/78293"
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"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/0uYbvbPZRWU"
},
{
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2026-4864"
}
],
"title": "TOCTOU permits root escape on Linux via Root.Chmod in os in internal/syscall/unix"
}
},
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"assignerOrgId": "1bb62c36-49e3-4200-9d77-64a1400537cc",
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CVE-2026-35172 (GCVE-0-2026-35172)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 19:08 – Updated: 2026-04-07 14:46
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Distribution has stale blob access resurrection via repo-scoped redis descriptor cache invalidation
Summary
Distribution is a toolkit to pack, ship, store, and deliver container content. Prior to 3.1.0, distribution can restore read access in repo a after an explicit delete when storage.cache.blobdescriptor: redis and storage.delete.enabled: true are both enabled. The delete path clears the shared digest descriptor but leaves stale repo-scoped membership behind, so a later Stat or Get from repo b repopulates the shared descriptor and makes the deleted blob readable from repo a again. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.1.0.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| distribution | distribution |
Affected:
< 3.1.0
|
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CVE-2026-33810 (GCVE-0-2026-33810)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 01:06 – Updated: 2026-04-13 18:20
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Case-sensitive excludedSubtrees name constraints cause Auth Bypass in crypto/x509
Summary
When verifying a certificate chain containing excluded DNS constraints, these constraints are not correctly applied to wildcard DNS SANs which use a different case than the constraint. This only affects validation of otherwise trusted certificate chains, issued by a root CA in the VerifyOptions.Roots CertPool, or in the system certificate pool.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-295 - Improper Certificate Validation
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go standard library | crypto/x509 |
Affected:
1.26.0-0 , < 1.26.2
(semver)
|
Credits
Riyas from Saintgits College of Engineering
k1rnt
@1seal
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"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
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"name": "newDNSConstraints"
},
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"name": "dnsConstraints.query"
},
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"name": "Certificate.Verify"
}
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CVE-2025-22868 (GCVE-0-2025-22868)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-26 03:07 – Updated: 2025-02-26 14:46
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
Unexpected memory consumption during token parsing in golang.org/x/oauth2
Summary
An attacker can pass a malicious malformed token which causes unexpected memory to be consumed during parsing.
Severity ?
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-1286 - Improper Validation of Syntactic Correctness of Input
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| golang.org/x/oauth2 | golang.org/x/oauth2/jws |
Affected:
0 , < 0.27.0
(semver)
|
Credits
jub0bs
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"packageName": "golang.org/x/oauth2/jws",
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{
"name": "Verify"
}
],
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"lessThan": "0.27.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
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"value": "jub0bs"
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"url": "https://go.dev/issue/71490"
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"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3488"
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GHSA-VRW8-FXC6-2R93
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-20 16:37 – Updated: 2025-10-13 15:41
VLAI?
Summary
chi Allows Host Header Injection which Leads to Open Redirect in RedirectSlashes
Details
Summary
The RedirectSlashes function in middleware/strip.go is vulnerable to host header injection which leads to open redirect.
We consider this a lower-severity open redirect, as it can't be exploited from browsers or email clients (requires manipulation of a Host header).
Details
The RedirectSlashes method uses the Host header to construct the redirectURL at this line https://github.com/go-chi/chi/blob/master/middleware/strip.go#L55
The Host header can be manipulated by a user to be any arbitrary host. This leads to open redirect when using the RedirectSlashes middleware
PoC
Create a simple server which uses the RedirectSlashes middleware
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net/http"
"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5/middleware" // Import the middleware package
)
func main() {
// Create a new Chi router
r := chi.NewRouter()
// Use the built-in RedirectSlashes middleware
r.Use(middleware.RedirectSlashes) // Use middleware.RedirectSlashes
// Define a route handler
r.Get("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
// A simple response
w.Write([]byte("Hello, World!"))
})
// Start the server
fmt.Println("Starting server on :8080")
http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r)
}
Run the server go run main.go
Once the server is running, send a request that will trigger the RedirectSlashes function with an arbitrary Host header
curl -iL -H "Host: example.com" http://localhost:8080/test/
Observe that the request will be redirected to example.com
curl -L -H "Host: example.com" http://localhost:8080/test/
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Example Domain</title>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<style type="text/css">
body {
background-color: #f0f0f2;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
... snipped ...
Without the host header, the response is returned from the test server
curl -L http://localhost:8080/test/
404 page not found
Impact
An open redirect vulnerability allows attackers to trick users into visiting malicious sites. This can lead to phishing attacks, credential theft, and malware distribution, as users trust the application’s domain while being redirected to harmful sites.
Potential mitigation
It seems that the purpose of the RedirectSlashes function is to redirect within the same application. In that case r.RequestURI can be used instead of r.Host by default. If there is a use case to redirect to a different host, a flag can be added to use the Host header instead. As this flag will be controlled by the developer they will make the decision of allowing redirects to arbitrary hosts based on their judgement.
Severity ?
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.2.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/go-chi/chi/v5"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.2.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-20T16:37:47Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\nThe RedirectSlashes function in middleware/strip.go is vulnerable to host header injection which leads to open redirect.\n\nWe consider this a **lower-severity** open redirect, as it can\u0027t be exploited from browsers or email clients (requires manipulation of a Host header).\n\n### Details\nThe RedirectSlashes method uses the Host header to construct the redirectURL at this line https://github.com/go-chi/chi/blob/master/middleware/strip.go#L55\n\nThe Host header can be manipulated by a user to be any arbitrary host. This leads to open redirect when using the RedirectSlashes middleware\n\n### PoC\nCreate a simple server which uses the RedirectSlashes middleware\n```\npackage main\n\nimport (\n\t\"fmt\"\n\t\"net/http\"\n\n\t\"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5\"\n\t\"github.com/go-chi/chi/v5/middleware\" // Import the middleware package\n)\n\nfunc main() {\n\t// Create a new Chi router\n\tr := chi.NewRouter()\n\n\t// Use the built-in RedirectSlashes middleware\n\tr.Use(middleware.RedirectSlashes) // Use middleware.RedirectSlashes\n\n\t// Define a route handler\n\tr.Get(\"/\", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {\n\t\t// A simple response\n\t\tw.Write([]byte(\"Hello, World!\"))\n\t})\n\n\t// Start the server\n\tfmt.Println(\"Starting server on :8080\")\n\thttp.ListenAndServe(\":8080\", r)\n}\n```\nRun the server `go run main.go`\n\nOnce the server is running, send a request that will trigger the RedirectSlashes function with an arbitrary Host header\n`curl -iL -H \"Host: example.com\" http://localhost:8080/test/`\n\nObserve that the request will be redirected to example.com\n\n```\ncurl -L -H \"Host: example.com\" http://localhost:8080/test/\n\n\u003c!doctype html\u003e\n\u003chtml\u003e\n\u003chead\u003e\n \u003ctitle\u003eExample Domain\u003c/title\u003e\n\n \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\" /\u003e\n \u003cmeta http-equiv=\"Content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" /\u003e\n \u003cmeta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\" /\u003e\n \u003cstyle type=\"text/css\"\u003e\n body {\n background-color: #f0f0f2;\n margin: 0;\n padding: 0;\n font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, \"Segoe UI\", \"Open Sans\", \"Helvetica Neue\", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\n... snipped ...\n```\nWithout the host header, the response is returned from the test server\n```\ncurl -L http://localhost:8080/test/\n\n404 page not found\n```\n\n### Impact\nAn open redirect vulnerability allows attackers to trick users into visiting malicious sites. This can lead to phishing attacks, credential theft, and malware distribution, as users trust the application\u2019s domain while being redirected to harmful sites.\n\n### Potential mitigation\nIt seems that the purpose of the RedirectSlashes function is to redirect within the same application. In that case r.RequestURI can be used instead of r.Host by default. If there is a use case to redirect to a different host, a flag can be added to use the Host header instead. As this flag will be controlled by the developer they will make the decision of allowing redirects to arbitrary hosts based on their judgement.",
"id": "GHSA-vrw8-fxc6-2r93",
"modified": "2025-10-13T15:41:17Z",
"published": "2025-06-20T16:37:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-chi/chi/security/advisories/GHSA-vrw8-fxc6-2r93"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-chi/chi/commit/1be7ad938cc9c5b39a9dea01a5c518848928ab65"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/go-chi/chi"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "chi Allows Host Header Injection which Leads to Open Redirect in RedirectSlashes"
}
GHSA-F6X5-JH6R-WRFV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-19 23:16 – Updated: 2025-11-20 16:35
VLAI?
Summary
golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/agent vulnerable to panic if message is malformed due to out of bounds read
Details
SSH Agent servers do not validate the size of messages when processing new identity requests, which may cause the program to panic if the message is malformed due to an out of bounds read.
Severity ?
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "golang.org/x/crypto"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.45.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-47914"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-11-19T23:16:40Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-19T21:15:50Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SSH Agent servers do not validate the size of messages when processing new identity requests, which may cause the program to panic if the message is malformed due to an out of bounds read.",
"id": "GHSA-f6x5-jh6r-wrfv",
"modified": "2025-11-20T16:35:18Z",
"published": "2025-11-19T23:16:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47914"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/cl/721960"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/issue/76364"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.googlesource.com/crypto"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/w-oX3UxNcZA"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-4135"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/agent vulnerable to panic if message is malformed due to out of bounds read"
}
GHSA-J5W8-Q4QC-RX2X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-19 23:01 – Updated: 2025-11-19 23:01
VLAI?
Summary
golang.org/x/crypto/ssh allows an attacker to cause unbounded memory consumption
Details
SSH servers parsing GSSAPI authentication requests do not validate the number of mechanisms specified in the request, allowing an attacker to cause unbounded memory consumption.
Severity ?
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "golang.org/x/crypto"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.45.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-58181"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-11-19T23:01:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-19T21:15:50Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SSH servers parsing GSSAPI authentication requests do not validate the number of mechanisms specified in the request, allowing an attacker to cause unbounded memory consumption.",
"id": "GHSA-j5w8-q4qc-rx2x",
"modified": "2025-11-19T23:01:20Z",
"published": "2025-11-19T23:01:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/cl/721961"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/issue/76363"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/w-oX3UxNcZA"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-4134"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh allows an attacker to cause unbounded memory consumption"
}
GHSA-4VQ8-7JFC-9CVP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-29 19:56 – Updated: 2026-03-27 17:37
VLAI?
Summary
Moby firewalld reload removes bridge network isolation
Details
Moby is an open source container framework developed by Docker Inc. that is distributed as Docker Engine, Mirantis Container Runtime, and various other downstream projects/products. The Moby daemon component (dockerd), which is developed as moby/moby is commonly referred to as Docker, or Docker Engine.
Firewalld is a daemon used by some Linux distributions to provide a dynamically managed firewall. When Firewalld is running, Docker uses its iptables backend to create rules, including rules to isolate containers in one bridge network from containers in other bridge networks.
Impact
The iptables rules created by Docker are removed when firewalld is reloaded using, for example "firewall-cmd --reload", "killall -HUP firewalld", or "systemctl reload firewalld".
When that happens, Docker must re-create the rules. However, in affected versions of Docker, the iptables rules that isolate containers in different bridge networks from each other are not re-created.
Once these rules have been removed, containers have access to any port, on any container, in any non-internal bridge network, running on the Docker host.
Containers running in networks created with --internal or equivalent have no access to other networks. Containers that are only connected to these networks remain isolated after a firewalld reload.
Where Docker Engine is not running in the host's network namespace, it is unaffected. Including, for example, Rootless Mode, and Docker Desktop.
Patches
Moby releases 28.0.0 and newer are not affected. A fix is available in moby release 25.0.13.
Workarounds
After reloading firewalld, either: - Restart the docker daemon, - Re-create bridge networks, or - Use rootless mode.
References
https://firewalld.org/ https://firewalld.org/documentation/howto/reload-firewalld.html
Severity ?
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 25.0.12"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/docker/docker"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "25.0.13"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/docker/docker"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "26.0.0-rc1"
},
{
"fixed": "28.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54410"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-909"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-07-29T19:56:25Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-30T14:15:28Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Moby is an open source container framework developed by Docker Inc. that is distributed as Docker Engine, Mirantis Container Runtime, and various other downstream projects/products. The Moby daemon component (dockerd), which is developed as [moby/moby](https://github.com/moby/moby) is commonly referred to as Docker, or Docker Engine.\n\nFirewalld is a daemon used by some Linux distributions to provide a dynamically managed firewall. When Firewalld is running, Docker uses its iptables backend to create rules, including rules to isolate containers in one bridge network from containers in other bridge networks.\n\n### Impact\n\nThe iptables rules created by Docker are removed when firewalld is reloaded using, for example \"firewall-cmd --reload\", \"killall -HUP firewalld\", or \"systemctl reload firewalld\".\n\nWhen that happens, Docker must re-create the rules. However, in affected versions of Docker, the iptables rules that isolate containers in different bridge networks from each other are not re-created.\n\nOnce these rules have been removed, containers have access to any port, on any container, in any non-internal bridge network, running on the Docker host.\n\nContainers running in networks created with `--internal` or equivalent have no access to other networks. Containers that are only connected to these networks remain isolated after a firewalld reload.\n\nWhere Docker Engine is not running in the host\u0027s network namespace, it is unaffected. Including, for example, Rootless Mode, and Docker Desktop.\n\n### Patches\n\nMoby releases 28.0.0 and newer are not affected. A fix is available in moby release 25.0.13.\n\n### Workarounds\nAfter reloading firewalld, either:\n- Restart the docker daemon,\n- Re-create bridge networks, or\n- Use rootless mode.\n\n### References\nhttps://firewalld.org/\nhttps://firewalld.org/documentation/howto/reload-firewalld.html",
"id": "GHSA-4vq8-7jfc-9cvp",
"modified": "2026-03-27T17:37:52Z",
"published": "2025-07-29T19:56:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/moby/security/advisories/GHSA-4vq8-7jfc-9cvp"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54410"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/moby/pull/49443"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/moby/pull/49728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://firewalld.org/documentation/howto/reload-firewalld.html"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/moby"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Moby firewalld reload removes bridge network isolation"
}
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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