CVE-2025-59957 (GCVE-0-2025-59957)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-09 15:43 – Updated: 2025-10-09 19:49
VLAI?
Title
Junos OS: EX4600 Series and QFX5000 Series: An attacker with physical access can open a persistent backdoor
Summary
An Origin Validation Error vulnerability in an insufficient protected file of Juniper Networks Junos OS on EX4600 Series and QFX5000 Series allows an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to the device to create a backdoor which allows complete control of the system. When a device isn't configured with a root password, an attacker can modify a specific file. It's contents will be added to the Junos configuration of the device without being visible. This allows for the addition of any configuration unknown to the actual operator, which includes users, IP addresses and other configuration which could allow unauthorized access to the device. This exploit is persistent across reboots and even zeroization. The indicator of compromise is a modified /etc/config/<platform>-defaults[-flex].conf file. Review that file for unexpected configuration statements, or compare it to an unmodified version which can be extracted from the original Juniper software image file. For details on the extraction procedure please contact Juniper Technical Assistance Center (JTAC). To restore the device to a trusted initial configuration the system needs to be reinstalled from physical media.  This issue affects Junos OS on EX4600 Series and QFX5000 Series: * All versions before 21.4R3, * 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S3.
Severity ?
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/RE:H
CWE
  • CWE-346 - Origin Validation Error
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Juniper Networks Junos OS Affected: 0 , < 21.4R3 (semver)
Affected: 22.2 , < 22.2R3-S3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public ?
2025-10-08 12:20
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-59957\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-10-09T19:45:08.214706Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-10-09T19:45:09.262Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Junos OS: EX4600 Series and QFX5000 Series: An attacker with physical access can open a persistent backdoor\", \"source\": {\"defect\": [\"1514927\"], \"advisory\": \"JSA103146\", \"discovery\": \"INTERNAL\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 6.8, \"attackVector\": \"PHYSICAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}, {\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV4_0\": {\"Safety\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"version\": \"4.0\", \"Recovery\": \"USER\", \"baseScore\": 7, \"Automatable\": \"NO\", \"attackVector\": \"PHYSICAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"valueDensity\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/RE:H\", \"providerUrgency\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"attackRequirements\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"subIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnIntegrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subAvailabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnAvailabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnConfidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\": \"HIGH\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"Juniper Networks\", \"product\": \"Junos OS\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"21.4R3\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"22.2\", \"lessThan\": \"22.2R3-S3\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}], \"platforms\": [\"EX4600\", \"QFX5000\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"exploits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Juniper SIRT is not aware of any malicious exploitation of this vulnerability.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"Juniper SIRT is not aware of any malicious exploitation of this vulnerability.\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"solutions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"The following software releases have been updated to resolve this specific issue: 21.4R3, 22.2R3-S3, 22.3R1, and all subsequent releases.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"The following software releases have been updated to resolve this specific issue: 21.4R3, 22.2R3-S3, 22.3R1, and all subsequent releases.\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"datePublic\": \"2025-10-08T12:20:00.000Z\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA103146\", \"tags\": [\"vendor-advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/EX-QFX-Procedure-to-format-install-QFX5K-device-using-a-USB\", \"tags\": [\"technical-description\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://support.juniper.net/support/requesting-support/\", \"tags\": [\"technical-description\"]}], \"workarounds\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"There are no known workarounds for this issue.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"There are no known workarounds for this issue.\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"An Origin Validation Error vulnerability in an insufficient protected file of Juniper Networks Junos OS on\\u00a0EX4600 Series and QFX5000 Series allows an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to the device to create a backdoor which allows complete control of the system.\\n\\nWhen a device isn\u0027t configured with a root password, an attacker can modify a specific file. It\u0027s contents will be added to the Junos configuration of the device without being visible. This allows for the addition of any configuration unknown \\n\\nto the actual operator,\\u00a0which includes users, IP addresses and other configuration which could allow unauthorized access to the device.\\nThis exploit is persistent across reboots and even zeroization.\\n\\nThe indicator of compromise is a modified /etc/config/\u003cplatform\u003e-defaults[-flex].conf file. Review that file for unexpected configuration statements, or compare it to an unmodified version which can be\\u00a0extracted from the original Juniper software image file. For details on the extraction procedure please contact Juniper Technical Assistance Center (JTAC).\\n\\nTo restore the device to a trusted initial configuration the system needs to be reinstalled from physical media.\\u00a0\\n\\nThis issue affects Junos OS on EX4600 Series and QFX5000 Series:\\n\\n\\n\\n  *  All versions before 21.4R3,\\n  *  22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S3.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"An Origin Validation Error vulnerability in an insufficient protected file of Juniper Networks Junos OS on\u0026nbsp;EX4600 Series and QFX5000 Series allows an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to the device to create a backdoor which allows complete control of the system.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhen a device isn\u0027t configured with a root password, an attacker can modify a specific file. It\u0027s contents will be added to the Junos configuration of the device without being visible. This allows for the addition of any configuration unknown \\n\\n\u003cspan style=\\\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\\\"\u003eto the actual operator,\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003ewhich includes users, IP addresses and other configuration which could allow unauthorized access to the device.\u003cbr\u003eThis exploit is persistent across reboots and even zeroization.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe indicator of compromise is a modified /etc/config/\u0026lt;platform\u0026gt;-defaults[-flex].conf file. Review that file for unexpected configuration statements, or compare it to an unmodified version which can be\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan style=\\\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\\\"\u003eextracted from the original Juniper software image file\u003c/span\u003e. For details on the extraction procedure please contact Juniper Technical Assistance Center (JTAC).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTo restore the device to a trusted initial configuration the system needs to be reinstalled from physical media.\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects Junos OS on EX4600 Series and QFX5000 Series:\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eAll versions before 21.4R3,\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S3.\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-346\", \"description\": \"CWE-346 Origin Validation Error\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"8cbe9d5a-a066-4c94-8978-4b15efeae968\", \"shortName\": \"juniper\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-10-09T15:43:23.110Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-59957\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-10-09T19:49:29.942Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-09-23T18:19:06.954Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"8cbe9d5a-a066-4c94-8978-4b15efeae968\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-10-09T15:43:23.110Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"juniper\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}


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Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.