CVE-2025-40111 (GCVE-0-2025-40111)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-12 01:07 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:07
VLAI
Title
drm/vmwgfx: Fix Use-after-free in validation
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/vmwgfx: Fix Use-after-free in validation Nodes stored in the validation duplicates hashtable come from an arena allocator that is cleared at the end of vmw_execbuf_process. All nodes are expected to be cleared in vmw_validation_drop_ht but this node escaped because its resource was destroyed prematurely.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 64ad2abfe9a628ce79859d072704bd1ef7682044 , < 1822e5287b7dfa59d0af966756ebf1dc652b60ee (git)
Affected: 64ad2abfe9a628ce79859d072704bd1ef7682044 , < fb7165e5f3b3b10721ff70553583ad12e90e447a (git)
Affected: 64ad2abfe9a628ce79859d072704bd1ef7682044 , < 4c918f9d1ccccc0e092f43dcb2d8266f54d7340b (git)
Affected: 64ad2abfe9a628ce79859d072704bd1ef7682044 , < 9a8eaca539708ca532747f606d231f70e684e8ca (git)
Affected: 64ad2abfe9a628ce79859d072704bd1ef7682044 , < 867bda5d95d36f10da398fd4409e21c7002b2332 (git)
Affected: 64ad2abfe9a628ce79859d072704bd1ef7682044 , < 655a2f29bfc21105c80bf8a7d7aafa6eca8b4496 (git)
Affected: 64ad2abfe9a628ce79859d072704bd1ef7682044 , < 65608e991c2d771c13404e5c7ae122ac3c3357a4 (git)
Affected: 64ad2abfe9a628ce79859d072704bd1ef7682044 , < dfe1323ab3c8a4dd5625ebfdba44dc47df84512a (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 4.20
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.20 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.301 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.246 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.195 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.157 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.113 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.54 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17.4 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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{
  "containers": {
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/gpu/drm/vmwgfx/vmwgfx_validation.c"
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/vmwgfx: Fix Use-after-free in validation\n\nNodes stored in the validation duplicates hashtable come from an arena\nallocator that is cleared at the end of vmw_execbuf_process. All nodes\nare expected to be cleared in vmw_validation_drop_ht but this node escaped\nbecause its resource was destroyed prematurely."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
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            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached only through `DRM_IOCTL_VMW_EXECBUF` on the vmwgfx DRM device node, which requires local execution to issue ioctls. There is no network or adjacent-network path into the command-submission validation code.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 one thread loops `vmw_execbuf_ioctl()` over a DX context with bound resources while another destroys a bound view/shader/surface \u2014 and the window is widened because `vmw_resource_release()` drops the kref and then blocks on `binding_mutex` that the execbuf walker already holds. The attempt is infinitely repeatable, and a single success permanently poisons the device-global `res_ht`.\nPR:L - `DRM_IOCTL_VMW_EXECBUF` is marked `DRM_RENDER_ALLOW`, so any unprivileged local user holding an fd on `/dev/dri/renderD*` (the default for logged-in desktop users, GPU-enabled containers, and sandboxed GPU processes in VMware guests) can reach it. No capability, DRM master status, or authentication is needed.\nUI:N - The attacking process drives both the execbuf submission and the concurrent resource destruction entirely on its own via ioctls. No action by another user or administrator is required.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to the guest kernel\u0027s own memory within the same security authority; no hypervisor, IOMMU, or VM boundary is crossed even though vmwgfx is a paravirtual GPU driver.\nC:H - The stale hlist entry points into a page freed to the buddy allocator, so subsequent `hash_for_each_possible_rcu()` walks read attacker-groomed memory; a matching sprayed `hash-\u003ekey` yields a fully fabricated `vmw_validation_res_node` whose `private` data is consumed as `struct vmw_ctx_validation_info` pointers, enabling arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `hash_add_rcu()` writes a kernel pointer into the freed page through the dangling node\u0027s `pprev`, and a sprayed fake node supplies attacker-controlled `res`, `ctx`, and binding-state pointers that the binding/validation code dereferences and writes through \u2014 a use-after-free with both write and control-flow-hijack primitives.\nA:H - The dangling hash entry survives in the device-global `res_ht` and is traversed by every later execbuf from any process on that device, so a single trigger reliably produces list corruption and oopses/panics affecting the whole system."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:07:51.842Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1822e5287b7dfa59d0af966756ebf1dc652b60ee"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fb7165e5f3b3b10721ff70553583ad12e90e447a"
        },
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        },
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9a8eaca539708ca532747f606d231f70e684e8ca"
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      "title": "drm/vmwgfx: Fix Use-after-free in validation",
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    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40111",
    "datePublished": "2025-11-12T01:07:25.203Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.167Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:07:51.842Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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  "dataVersion": "5.2",
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      "date": "2026-09-21",
      "epss": "0.00139",
      "percentile": "0.03632"
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      "cve": "CVE-2025-40111",
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      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "drm/vmwgfx: Fix Use-after-free in validation",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-40111.json",
      "version": "2"
    },
    "nvd": {
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/vmwgfx: Fix Use-after-free in validation\n\nNodes stored in the validation duplicates hashtable come from an arena\nallocator that is cleared at the end of vmw_execbuf_process. All nodes\nare expected to be cleared in vmw_validation_drop_ht but this node escaped\nbecause its resource was destroyed prematurely."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-40111",
        "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:24:12.117",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
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              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
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        "published": "2025-11-12T02:15:33.050",
        "references": [
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9a8eaca539708ca532747f606d231f70e684e8ca"
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          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T08:44:22+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40111",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40111",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-11-12T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "184",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: drm/vmwgfx: Fix Use-after-free in validation",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40111.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.