CVE-2025-23157 (GCVE-0-2025-23157)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-01 12:55 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:57
VLAI
Title
media: venus: hfi_parser: add check to avoid out of bound access
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: venus: hfi_parser: add check to avoid out of bound access There is a possibility that init_codecs is invoked multiple times during manipulated payload from video firmware. In such case, if codecs_count can get incremented to value more than MAX_CODEC_NUM, there can be OOB access. Reset the count so that it always starts from beginning.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda , < e5133a0b25463674903fdc0528e0a29b7267130e (git)
Affected: 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda , < 2b8b9ea4e26a501eb220ea189e42b4527e65bdfa (git)
Affected: 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda , < 1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108e (git)
Affected: 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda , < 26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1 (git)
Affected: 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda , < d4d88ece4ba91df5b02f1d3f599650f9e9fc0f45 (git)
Affected: 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda , < 53e376178ceacca3ef1795038b22fc9ef45ff1d3 (git)
Affected: 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda , < b2541e29d82da8a0df728aadec3e0a8db55d517b (git)
Affected: 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda , < cb5be9039f91979f8a2fac29f529f746d7848f3e (git)
Affected: 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda , < 172bf5a9ef70a399bb227809db78442dc01d9e48 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 4.19
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.19 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.293 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.237 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.181 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.135 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.88 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.24 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.13.12 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14.3 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable parser is reached through the local V4L2 device nodes (/dev/video*) \u2014 session-init parsing on V1 hardware and core-init parsing after a driver-triggered firmware re-init \u2014 plus the HFI shared-memory queue from the on-die video co-processor; there is no network or physical-bus reachability.\nAC:L - No race and no dependence on uncontrolled memory layout: the attacker either supplies a payload with repeated CODEC_SUPPORTED properties (fully attacker-chosen index and value) or, on HFI_VERSION_1XX where codecs_count is never reset, simply loops session init/deinit until the counter exceeds MAX_CODEC_NUM; the driver is enabled in standard arm64/Android/embedded Qualcomm configurations.\nPR:L - Triggering the session-init parse path only requires opening the venus decoder/encoder node and issuing REQBUFS/STREAMON, which any local user in the video group (desktop uaccess ACL) or any Android app with normal mediacodec access can do \u2014 no root or capability is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker\u0027s own process drives the ioctl sequence and the firmware message handling runs asynchronously in the driver\u0027s IRQ/worker context; no victim action is involved.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds accesses corrupt and disclose kernel heap memory within the same kernel security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Overflowing into codecs_count makes venus_caps_by_codec() iterate far past core-\u003ecaps[], and the out-of-bounds hfi_plat_caps contents (formats, profile/levels, capability min/max) are handed back to userspace via V4L2 format and control enumeration, giving a broad kernel memory disclosure; the write primitive further enables leveraged reads.\nI:H - This is an out-of-bounds write with an attacker-controlled index (up to megabytes past a ~30 KB allocation) and attacker-selected power-of-two values, corrupting kernel pointers (core-\u003eroot, core-\u003eocs) and adjacent heap objects \u2014 a classic primitive for control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Corrupting codecs_count to a huge value causes an immediate unbounded scan of kernel memory, and clobbering the adjacent dentry/of_changeset pointers leads to an oops or panic on next use."
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                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "483E2E15-2135-4EC6-AB64-16282C5EF704",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.3",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "6.14",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "FA6FEEC2-9F11-4643-8827-749718254FED",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmedia: venus: hfi_parser: add check to avoid out of bound access\n\nThere is a possibility that init_codecs is invoked multiple times during\nmanipulated payload from video firmware. In such case, if codecs_count\ncan get incremented to value more than MAX_CODEC_NUM, there can be OOB\naccess. Reset the count so that it always starts from beginning."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: media: venus: hfi_parser: a\u00f1adir comprobaci\u00f3n para evitar accesos fuera de los l\u00edmites. Existe la posibilidad de que init_codecs se invoque varias veces durante la manipulaci\u00f3n de la carga \u00fatil del firmware de v\u00eddeo. En tal caso, si codecs_count se incrementa a un valor superior a MAX_CODEC_NUM, puede haber accesos fuera de los l\u00edmites. Restablezca el contador para que siempre comience desde el principio."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-23157",
        "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:22:17.673",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            },
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.1,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.2,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-05-01T13:15:51.623",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/172bf5a9ef70a399bb227809db78442dc01d9e48"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108e"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b8b9ea4e26a501eb220ea189e42b4527e65bdfa"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/53e376178ceacca3ef1795038b22fc9ef45ff1d3"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b2541e29d82da8a0df728aadec3e0a8db55d517b"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb5be9039f91979f8a2fac29f529f746d7848f3e"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d4d88ece4ba91df5b02f1d3f599650f9e9fc0f45"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e5133a0b25463674903fdc0528e0a29b7267130e"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Mailing List"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Mailing List"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-125"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "None",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T10:24:22+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-23157",
      "id": "CVE-2025-23157",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: media: venus: hfi_parser: add check to avoid out of bound access",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-23157.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.