CVE-2025-22038 (GCVE-0-2025-22038)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-16 14:11 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ksmbd: validate zero num_subauth before sub_auth is accessed
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ksmbd: validate zero num_subauth before sub_auth is accessed
Access psid->sub_auth[psid->num_subauth - 1] without checking
if num_subauth is non-zero leads to an out-of-bounds read.
This patch adds a validation step to ensure num_subauth != 0
before sub_auth is accessed.
Severity
8.3 (High)
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-01 18:13 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
7 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf , < 3ac65de111c686c95316ade660f8ba7aea3cd3cc
(git)
Affected: 0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf , < 0e36a3e080d6d8bd7a34e089345d043da4ac8283 (git) Affected: 0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf , < 56de7778a48560278c334077ace7b9ac4bfb2fd1 (git) Affected: 0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf , < 68c6c3142bfcdb049839d40a9a59ebe8ea865002 (git) Affected: 0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf , < c8bfe1954a0b89e7b29b3a3e7f4c5e0ebd295e20 (git) Affected: 0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf , < bf21e29d78cd2c2371023953d9c82dfef82ebb36 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
5.15
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.15 (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.134 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.87 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.23 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.13.11 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.14.2 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-125"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-125"
}
],
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Important",
"current_release_date": "2026-07-30T09:10:59+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-22038",
"id": "CVE-2025-22038",
"initial_release_date": "2025-04-16T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: ksmbd: validate zero num_subauth before sub_auth is accessed",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-22038.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:41:20.321Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
},
{
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.1,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-22038",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-10-01T18:13:11.878668Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-125",
"description": "CWE-125 Out-of-bounds Read",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-01T14:40:34.717Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"fs/smb/server/smbacl.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3ac65de111c686c95316ade660f8ba7aea3cd3cc",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "0e36a3e080d6d8bd7a34e089345d043da4ac8283",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "56de7778a48560278c334077ace7b9ac4bfb2fd1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "68c6c3142bfcdb049839d40a9a59ebe8ea865002",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "c8bfe1954a0b89e7b29b3a3e7f4c5e0ebd295e20",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "bf21e29d78cd2c2371023953d9c82dfef82ebb36",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0626e6641f6b467447c81dd7678a69c66f7746cf",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"fs/smb/server/smbacl.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.15"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.15",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.134",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.87",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.23",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.13.11",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.14.2",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.15",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.134",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.15",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.87",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.15",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.23",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.15",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.13.11",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.15",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.15",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.15",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.15",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nksmbd: validate zero num_subauth before sub_auth is accessed\n\nAccess psid-\u003esub_auth[psid-\u003enum_subauth - 1] without checking\nif num_subauth is non-zero leads to an out-of-bounds read.\nThis patch adds a validation step to ensure num_subauth != 0\nbefore sub_auth is accessed."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 8.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:N - ksmbd is the in-kernel SMB server listening on TCP/445, and the malformed security descriptor is delivered entirely inside an SMB2 SET_INFO or CREATE request from a remote peer. No local access is required.\nAC:L - The attacker simply emits one SMB2 request containing an owner or group SID with num_subauth=0; parse_sid() explicitly permits that encoding and sid_to_id() is reached deterministically with no race, memory-layout, or timing dependency.\nPR:L - Both reachable paths require a completed SMB2 SESSION_SETUP, a writable TREE_CONNECT, and (for SET_INFO) an open file handle, so an ordinary authenticated share user is needed. This is not a pre-authentication path, but no administrative rights are required.\nUI:N - The attacker drives the entire sequence \u2014 session setup, tree connect, open, and the crafted set-security-descriptor request. No action by any local user or administrator is involved.\nS:U - The faulty read and its consequences stay inside the kernel\u0027s own security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - sid_to_id() reads memory preceding the declared sub_auth[] array and the resulting value is committed as the file\u0027s owner uid/gid, which the attacker can read straight back through an SMB2 QUERY_INFO security-descriptor request \u2014 a repeatable, remotely-observable disclosure oracle over out-of-bounds-indexed kernel buffer contents.\nI:L - A zero-subauth SID that the code intends to reject (the fix returns -EIO) is instead accepted, so notify_change() applies a uid/gid synthesized from misinterpreted bytes \u2014 an unintended modification of file ownership metadata, but not an arbitrary write or control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The negative-index dereference is an unchecked read outside the intended array bounds; on hardened or KASAN-enabled builds this is a fatal report, and the resulting bogus uid/gid chown corrupts share state. Any such kernel-side out-of-bounds access is treated as crash-capable."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:11.103Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ac65de111c686c95316ade660f8ba7aea3cd3cc"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e36a3e080d6d8bd7a34e089345d043da4ac8283"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/56de7778a48560278c334077ace7b9ac4bfb2fd1"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68c6c3142bfcdb049839d40a9a59ebe8ea865002"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8bfe1954a0b89e7b29b3a3e7f4c5e0ebd295e20"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bf21e29d78cd2c2371023953d9c82dfef82ebb36"
}
],
"title": "ksmbd: validate zero num_subauth before sub_auth is accessed",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-22038",
"datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:11:56.316Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.809Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:11.103Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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