CVE-2024-50262 (GCVE-0-2024-50262)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-09 10:17 – Updated: 2026-10-15 00:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
bpf: Fix out-of-bounds write in trie_get_next_key()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
bpf: Fix out-of-bounds write in trie_get_next_key()
trie_get_next_key() allocates a node stack with size trie->max_prefixlen,
while it writes (trie->max_prefixlen + 1) nodes to the stack when it has
full paths from the root to leaves. For example, consider a trie with
max_prefixlen is 8, and the nodes with key 0x00/0, 0x00/1, 0x00/2, ...
0x00/8 inserted. Subsequent calls to trie_get_next_key with _key with
.prefixlen = 8 make 9 nodes be written on the node stack with size 8.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-11 15:09 UTC
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
13 references
Impacted products
9 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd , < e8494ac079814a53fbc2258d2743e720907488ed
(git)
Affected: b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd , < 91afbc0eb3c90258ae378ae3c6ead3d2371e926d (git) Affected: b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd , < 590976f921723d53ac199c01d5b7b73a94875e68 (git) Affected: b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd , < 86c8ebe02d8806dd8878d0063e8e185622ab6ea6 (git) Affected: b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd , < a035df0b98df424559fd383e8e1a268f422ea2ba (git) Affected: b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd , < 90a6e0e1e151ef7a9282e78f54c3091de2dcc99c (git) Affected: b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd , < c4b4f9a9ab82238cb158fa4fe61a8c0ae21a4980 (git) Affected: b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd , < 13400ac8fb80c57c2bfb12ebd35ee121ce9b4d21 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.16
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.16 (semver) Unaffected: 4.19.323 , ≤ 4.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.285 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.229 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.171 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.116 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.60 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.11.7 , ≤ 6.11.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.0 , < V3.1.5
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.0 , < V3.1.5
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem |
Affected:
0 , < V1.1.1
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP |
Affected:
V3.1.0 , < V3.1.5
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | RUGGEDCOM RST2428P |
Affected:
0 , < V3.2
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SCALANCE XC-300/XR-300/XC-400/XR-500WG/XR-500 family |
Affected:
0 , < V3.2
(custom)
|
guessed | |
| Siemens | SCALANCE XCM-/XRM-/XCH-/XRH-300 family |
Affected:
0 , < V3.2
(custom)
|
guessed |
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"value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached exclusively through the local `bpf()` syscall (BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY / BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH) against an LPM_TRIE map fd. No network-facing code path processes remote data through trie_get_next_key().\nAC:L - The overflow is fully deterministic \u2014 the attacker builds the trie with keys 0x00/0 \u2026 0x00/max_prefixlen and issues one GET_NEXT_KEY with prefixlen == max_prefixlen. No race, no timing dependency, and the attacker also chooses key_size so the allocation sits exactly on a kmalloc bucket boundary, and can repeat the trigger arbitrarily to groom the heap.\nPR:L - Creating the map nominally needs CAP_BPF, but `bpf_token_capable()` honors ns_capable() against a BPF-token user namespace, so a delegated bpffs mount grants it to an unprivileged container process; furthermore `bpf_obj_get()` performs only a file-permission check and `map_get_next_key()` requires only FMODE_CAN_READ, so an unprivileged process holding or opening an existing pinned LPM_TRIE map fd can trigger the write with no capability at all.\nUI:N - Exploitation is entirely self-contained in the attacker\u0027s own process \u2014 map creation, element insertion, and the GET_NEXT_KEY call. No victim action of any kind is required.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds write corrupts kernel slab memory within the same kernel security authority; it is a standard local privilege-escalation surface rather than a crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - The 8-byte heap overflow overwrites the first field of the adjacent slab object with a pointer to attacker-controlled data, which for the many kmalloc-64/128/256 objects that begin with a pointer yields a fake-object read primitive and, via freelist corruption, arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - This is a controllable out-of-bounds heap write of a valid kernel pointer at a precisely chosen slab bucket boundary, repeatable at will \u2014 a classic path to SLUB freelist corruption, arbitrary write, and control-flow hijack for privilege escalation.\nA:H - Corrupting the head of an adjacent slab object or a SLUB freelist pointer reliably produces kernel oops/panic, and the trigger can be issued repeatedly by any process holding a readable LPM_TRIE map fd."
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"version": "b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "86c8ebe02d8806dd8878d0063e8e185622ab6ea6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "a035df0b98df424559fd383e8e1a268f422ea2ba",
"status": "affected",
"version": "b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "90a6e0e1e151ef7a9282e78f54c3091de2dcc99c",
"status": "affected",
"version": "b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "c4b4f9a9ab82238cb158fa4fe61a8c0ae21a4980",
"status": "affected",
"version": "b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "13400ac8fb80c57c2bfb12ebd35ee121ce9b4d21",
"status": "affected",
"version": "b471f2f1de8b816f1e799b80aa92588f3566e4bd",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/bpf/lpm_trie.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.16"
},
{
"lessThan": "4.16",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "4.19.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "4.19.323",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.4.285",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.229",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.171",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.116",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.60",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.11.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.11.7",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "4.19.323",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.4.285",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.229",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.15.171",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.116",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.60",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.11.7",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.16",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix out-of-bounds write in trie_get_next_key()\n\ntrie_get_next_key() allocates a node stack with size trie-\u003emax_prefixlen,\nwhile it writes (trie-\u003emax_prefixlen + 1) nodes to the stack when it has\nfull paths from the root to leaves. For example, consider a trie with\nmax_prefixlen is 8, and the nodes with key 0x00/0, 0x00/1, 0x00/2, ...\n0x00/8 inserted. Subsequent calls to trie_get_next_key with _key with\n.prefixlen = 8 make 9 nodes be written on the node stack with size 8."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached exclusively through the local `bpf()` syscall (BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY / BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH) against an LPM_TRIE map fd. No network-facing code path processes remote data through trie_get_next_key().\nAC:L - The overflow is fully deterministic \u2014 the attacker builds the trie with keys 0x00/0 \u2026 0x00/max_prefixlen and issues one GET_NEXT_KEY with prefixlen == max_prefixlen. No race, no timing dependency, and the attacker also chooses key_size so the allocation sits exactly on a kmalloc bucket boundary, and can repeat the trigger arbitrarily to groom the heap.\nPR:L - Creating the map nominally needs CAP_BPF, but `bpf_token_capable()` honors ns_capable() against a BPF-token user namespace, so a delegated bpffs mount grants it to an unprivileged container process; furthermore `bpf_obj_get()` performs only a file-permission check and `map_get_next_key()` requires only FMODE_CAN_READ, so an unprivileged process holding or opening an existing pinned LPM_TRIE map fd can trigger the write with no capability at all.\nUI:N - Exploitation is entirely self-contained in the attacker\u0027s own process \u2014 map creation, element insertion, and the GET_NEXT_KEY call. No victim action of any kind is required.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds write corrupts kernel slab memory within the same kernel security authority; it is a standard local privilege-escalation surface rather than a crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - The 8-byte heap overflow overwrites the first field of the adjacent slab object with a pointer to attacker-controlled data, which for the many kmalloc-64/128/256 objects that begin with a pointer yields a fake-object read primitive and, via freelist corruption, arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - This is a controllable out-of-bounds heap write of a valid kernel pointer at a precisely chosen slab bucket boundary, repeatable at will \u2014 a classic path to SLUB freelist corruption, arbitrary write, and control-flow hijack for privilege escalation.\nA:H - Corrupting the head of an adjacent slab object or a SLUB freelist pointer reliably produces kernel oops/panic, and the trigger can be issued repeatedly by any process holding a readable LPM_TRIE map fd."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:42:51.880Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8494ac079814a53fbc2258d2743e720907488ed"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/91afbc0eb3c90258ae378ae3c6ead3d2371e926d"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/590976f921723d53ac199c01d5b7b73a94875e68"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/86c8ebe02d8806dd8878d0063e8e185622ab6ea6"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a035df0b98df424559fd383e8e1a268f422ea2ba"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90a6e0e1e151ef7a9282e78f54c3091de2dcc99c"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4b4f9a9ab82238cb158fa4fe61a8c0ae21a4980"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/13400ac8fb80c57c2bfb12ebd35ee121ce9b4d21"
}
],
"title": "bpf: Fix out-of-bounds write in trie_get_next_key()",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-50262",
"datePublished": "2024-11-09T10:17:50.461Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-10-21T19:36:19.981Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T00:57:42.947Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
How durations are calculated
Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.
Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.