{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/mtd/nand/raw/fsl_upm.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1f09d67d390647f83f8f9d26382b0daa43756e6f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "eb7a5e4d14c8659cb97db6863316280e15f67209",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "f4b700c71802c81e6f9dce362ee7a0312c8377ba",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "49e57caf967a969f6b955c88805f2d160910aa12",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c6abce60338aa2080973cd95be0aedad528bb41f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/mtd/nand/raw/fsl_upm.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.9"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.9",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.190",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.126",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.45",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.4.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.5",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.190",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.9",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.126",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.9",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.45",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.9",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.4.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.9",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.9",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmtd: rawnand: fsl_upm: Fix an off-by one test in fun_exec_op()\n\n\u0027op-cs\u0027 is copied in \u0027fun-\u003emchip_number\u0027 which is used to access the\n\u0027mchip_offsets\u0027 and the \u0027rnb_gpio\u0027 arrays.\nThese arrays have NAND_MAX_CHIPS elements, so the index must be below this\nlimit.\n\nFix the sanity check in order to avoid the NAND_MAX_CHIPS value. This\nwould lead to out-of-bound accesses."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The fsl_upm NAND controller is reached only through the local MTD stack \u2014 /dev/mtdX ioctls or file I/O on a NAND-backed JFFS2/UBIFS volume. There is no network or remote-peer input into this driver.\nAC:L - There is no race, no memory-layout requirement, and no timing window; the faulty bounds check is the only guard on the index, and NAND operations can be driven repeatedly and deterministically by ordinary filesystem traffic.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local user reading or writing files on a mounted NAND-backed filesystem drives nand_exec_op() and thus fun_exec_op(); direct /dev/mtdX access is not required, so real root is not needed.\nUI:N - The code path executes as part of routine NAND I/O initiated by the attacker; no action by any other user or administrator is required.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds accesses stay within the kernel\u0027s own security authority \u2014 corrupted state and the wild pointer belong to the same kernel, with no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - The out-of-bounds index yields an unintended reg_offs, so in_8() reads localbus MMIO outside the intended chip window straight into the caller\u0027s data buffer, and the adjacent struct field is read as a pointer \u2014 an out-of-bounds read that can disclose kernel and device state.\nI:H - The same bogus reg_offs is used by out_8() in the NAND_OP_DATA_OUT path, producing attacker-influenced writes to localbus registers outside the intended window; out-of-bounds writes are scored High.\nA:H - fun-\u003ernb_gpio[NAND_MAX_CHIPS] reads adjacent struct data as a struct gpio_desc pointer and dereferences it in gpiod_get_value_cansleep(), and the bogus MMIO offset can hit unmapped localbus space \u2014 either results in a kernel oops."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:17:18.597Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f09d67d390647f83f8f9d26382b0daa43756e6f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb7a5e4d14c8659cb97db6863316280e15f67209"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f4b700c71802c81e6f9dce362ee7a0312c8377ba"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/49e57caf967a969f6b955c88805f2d160910aa12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6abce60338aa2080973cd95be0aedad528bb41f"
        }
      ],
      "title": "mtd: rawnand: fsl_upm: Fix an off-by one test in fun_exec_op()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-54104",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-24T13:06:29.354Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-24T13:02:52.517Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:17:18.597Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2023-54104",
      "date": "2026-08-07",
      "epss": "0.00143",
      "percentile": "0.04101"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2023-54104\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-12-24T13:16:12.293\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T06:46:48.507\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Deferred\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nmtd: rawnand: fsl_upm: Fix an off-by one test in fun_exec_op()\\n\\n\u0027op-cs\u0027 is copied in \u0027fun-\u003emchip_number\u0027 which is used to access the\\n\u0027mchip_offsets\u0027 and the \u0027rnb_gpio\u0027 arrays.\\nThese arrays have NAND_MAX_CHIPS elements, so the index must be below this\\nlimit.\\n\\nFix the sanity check in order to avoid the NAND_MAX_CHIPS value. This\\nwould lead to out-of-bound accesses.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/mtd/nand/raw/fsl_upm.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea\",\"lessThan\":\"1f09d67d390647f83f8f9d26382b0daa43756e6f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea\",\"lessThan\":\"eb7a5e4d14c8659cb97db6863316280e15f67209\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea\",\"lessThan\":\"f4b700c71802c81e6f9dce362ee7a0312c8377ba\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea\",\"lessThan\":\"49e57caf967a969f6b955c88805f2d160910aa12\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea\",\"lessThan\":\"c6abce60338aa2080973cd95be0aedad528bb41f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/mtd/nand/raw/fsl_upm.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5.9\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"5.9\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.190\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.126\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.45\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.4.10\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.4.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.5\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f09d67d390647f83f8f9d26382b0daa43756e6f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/49e57caf967a969f6b955c88805f2d160910aa12\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6abce60338aa2080973cd95be0aedad528bb41f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb7a5e4d14c8659cb97db6863316280e15f67209\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f4b700c71802c81e6f9dce362ee7a0312c8377ba\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "None",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T10:20:16+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2023-54104",
      "id": "CVE-2023-54104",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: mtd: rawnand: fsl_upm: Fix an off-by one test in fun_exec_op()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-54104.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}