CVE-2023-54104 (GCVE-0-2023-54104)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-24 13:06 – Updated: 2026-08-05 09:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
mtd: rawnand: fsl_upm: Fix an off-by one test in fun_exec_op()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mtd: rawnand: fsl_upm: Fix an off-by one test in fun_exec_op()
'op-cs' is copied in 'fun->mchip_number' which is used to access the
'mchip_offsets' and the 'rnb_gpio' arrays.
These arrays have NAND_MAX_CHIPS elements, so the index must be below this
limit.
Fix the sanity check in order to avoid the NAND_MAX_CHIPS value. This
would lead to out-of-bound accesses.
Severity
7.8 (High)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea , < 1f09d67d390647f83f8f9d26382b0daa43756e6f
(git)
Affected: 54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea , < eb7a5e4d14c8659cb97db6863316280e15f67209 (git) Affected: 54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea , < f4b700c71802c81e6f9dce362ee7a0312c8377ba (git) Affected: 54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea , < 49e57caf967a969f6b955c88805f2d160910aa12 (git) Affected: 54309d65776755bcdb9dcf3744cd764fc1e254ea , < c6abce60338aa2080973cd95be0aedad528bb41f (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
5.9
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.9 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.190 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.126 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.45 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.4.10 , ≤ 6.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.5 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
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"product": "Linux",
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"versions": [
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{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
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"version": "5.10.190",
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"version": "5.15.126",
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"version": "6.1.45",
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"version": "6.4.10",
"versionType": "semver"
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{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.5",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
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"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmtd: rawnand: fsl_upm: Fix an off-by one test in fun_exec_op()\n\n\u0027op-cs\u0027 is copied in \u0027fun-\u003emchip_number\u0027 which is used to access the\n\u0027mchip_offsets\u0027 and the \u0027rnb_gpio\u0027 arrays.\nThese arrays have NAND_MAX_CHIPS elements, so the index must be below this\nlimit.\n\nFix the sanity check in order to avoid the NAND_MAX_CHIPS value. This\nwould lead to out-of-bound accesses."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - The fsl_upm NAND controller is reached only through the local MTD stack \u2014 /dev/mtdX ioctls or file I/O on a NAND-backed JFFS2/UBIFS volume. There is no network or remote-peer input into this driver.\nAC:L - There is no race, no memory-layout requirement, and no timing window; the faulty bounds check is the only guard on the index, and NAND operations can be driven repeatedly and deterministically by ordinary filesystem traffic.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local user reading or writing files on a mounted NAND-backed filesystem drives nand_exec_op() and thus fun_exec_op(); direct /dev/mtdX access is not required, so real root is not needed.\nUI:N - The code path executes as part of routine NAND I/O initiated by the attacker; no action by any other user or administrator is required.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds accesses stay within the kernel\u0027s own security authority \u2014 corrupted state and the wild pointer belong to the same kernel, with no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - The out-of-bounds index yields an unintended reg_offs, so in_8() reads localbus MMIO outside the intended chip window straight into the caller\u0027s data buffer, and the adjacent struct field is read as a pointer \u2014 an out-of-bounds read that can disclose kernel and device state.\nI:H - The same bogus reg_offs is used by out_8() in the NAND_OP_DATA_OUT path, producing attacker-influenced writes to localbus registers outside the intended window; out-of-bounds writes are scored High.\nA:H - fun-\u003ernb_gpio[NAND_MAX_CHIPS] reads adjacent struct data as a struct gpio_desc pointer and dereferences it in gpiod_get_value_cansleep(), and the bogus MMIO offset can hit unmapped localbus space \u2014 either results in a kernel oops."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:17:18.597Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
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},
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb7a5e4d14c8659cb97db6863316280e15f67209"
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f4b700c71802c81e6f9dce362ee7a0312c8377ba"
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/49e57caf967a969f6b955c88805f2d160910aa12"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6abce60338aa2080973cd95be0aedad528bb41f"
}
],
"title": "mtd: rawnand: fsl_upm: Fix an off-by one test in fun_exec_op()",
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"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2023-54104",
"datePublished": "2025-12-24T13:06:29.354Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-12-24T13:02:52.517Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:17:18.597Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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"date": "2026-11-08",
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"percentile": "0.05798"
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"descriptions": [
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"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmtd: rawnand: fsl_upm: Fix an off-by one test in fun_exec_op()\n\n\u0027op-cs\u0027 is copied in \u0027fun-\u003emchip_number\u0027 which is used to access the\n\u0027mchip_offsets\u0027 and the \u0027rnb_gpio\u0027 arrays.\nThese arrays have NAND_MAX_CHIPS elements, so the index must be below this\nlimit.\n\nFix the sanity check in order to avoid the NAND_MAX_CHIPS value. This\nwould lead to out-of-bound accesses."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2023-54104",
"lastModified": "2026-08-04T10:19:29.423",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
},
"published": "2025-12-24T13:16:12.293",
"references": [
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c6abce60338aa2080973cd95be0aedad528bb41f"
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"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Important",
"current_release_date": "2026-11-04T21:05:13+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2023-54104",
"id": "CVE-2023-54104",
"initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "200",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: Linux kernel: Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds access in NAND flash driver",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-54104.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
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Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
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Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.