CVE-2019-5427 (GCVE-0-2019-5427)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2019-04-22 20:52 – Updated: 2024-08-04 19:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
c3p0 version < 0.9.5.4 may be exploited by a billion laughs attack when loading XML configuration due to missing protections against recursive entity expansion when loading configuration.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-776 - XML Entity Expansion (CWE-776)
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_FEDORA |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_FEDORA |
| https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://hackerone.com/reports/509315 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html | x_refsource_MISC |
Date Public
2019-04-16 00:00
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T19:54:53.546Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "FEDORA-2019-cb14e234fc",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_FEDORA",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BFIVX6HOVNLAM7W3SUAMHYRNLCVQSAWR/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2019-063672154a",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_FEDORA",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MQ47OFV57Y2DAHMGA5H3JOL4WHRWRFN4/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/509315"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "c3p0",
"vendor": "n/a",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "before 0.9.5.4"
}
]
}
],
"datePublic": "2019-04-16T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "c3p0 version \u003c 0.9.5.4 may be exploited by a billion laughs attack when loading XML configuration due to missing protections against recursive entity expansion when loading configuration."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-776",
"description": "XML Entity Expansion (CWE-776)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2021-10-20T10:38:35.000Z",
"orgId": "36234546-b8fa-4601-9d6f-f4e334aa8ea1",
"shortName": "hackerone"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "FEDORA-2019-cb14e234fc",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_FEDORA"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BFIVX6HOVNLAM7W3SUAMHYRNLCVQSAWR/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2019-063672154a",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_FEDORA"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MQ47OFV57Y2DAHMGA5H3JOL4WHRWRFN4/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/509315"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
}
],
"x_legacyV4Record": {
"CVE_data_meta": {
"ASSIGNER": "support@hackerone.com",
"ID": "CVE-2019-5427",
"STATE": "PUBLIC"
},
"affects": {
"vendor": {
"vendor_data": [
{
"product": {
"product_data": [
{
"product_name": "c3p0",
"version": {
"version_data": [
{
"version_value": "before 0.9.5.4"
}
]
}
}
]
},
"vendor_name": "n/a"
}
]
}
},
"data_format": "MITRE",
"data_type": "CVE",
"data_version": "4.0",
"description": {
"description_data": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "c3p0 version \u003c 0.9.5.4 may be exploited by a billion laughs attack when loading XML configuration due to missing protections against recursive entity expansion when loading configuration."
}
]
},
"problemtype": {
"problemtype_data": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "XML Entity Expansion (CWE-776)"
}
]
}
]
},
"references": {
"reference_data": [
{
"name": "FEDORA-2019-cb14e234fc",
"refsource": "FEDORA",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BFIVX6HOVNLAM7W3SUAMHYRNLCVQSAWR/"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2019-063672154a",
"refsource": "FEDORA",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MQ47OFV57Y2DAHMGA5H3JOL4WHRWRFN4/"
},
{
"name": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
},
{
"name": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
},
{
"name": "https://hackerone.com/reports/509315",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/509315"
},
{
"name": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
},
{
"name": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html"
},
{
"name": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
}
]
}
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "36234546-b8fa-4601-9d6f-f4e334aa8ea1",
"assignerShortName": "hackerone",
"cveId": "CVE-2019-5427",
"datePublished": "2019-04-22T20:52:56.000Z",
"dateReserved": "2019-01-04T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T19:54:53.546Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2019-5427",
"date": "2026-10-14",
"epss": "0.04882",
"percentile": "0.91928"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:mchange:c3p0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "FECD9981-2017-4DA4-951A-55C01C749FCF",
"versionEndExcluding": "0.9.5.4",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:29:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "D100F7CE-FC64-4CC6-852A-6136D72DA419",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:30:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "97A4B8DF-58DA-4AB6-A1F9-331B36409BA3",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_ip_service_activator:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "DE48E0FE-5931-441C-B4FF-253BD9C48186",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_ip_service_activator:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "DE7A60DB-A287-4E61-8131-B6314007191B",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_session_route_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "11B0C37E-D7C7-45F2-A8D8-5A3B1B191430",
"versionEndIncluding": "8.2.2",
"versionStartIncluding": "8.2.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:documaker:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "0A3136AE-8744-4B13-BCA3-9FDD9E71DF02",
"versionEndIncluding": "12.6.6",
"versionStartIncluding": "12.6.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_base_platform:13.2.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "66916DEB-ACE1-44E0-9535-10B3E03347AC",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_ops_center:12.4.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "B095CC03-7077-4A58-AB25-CC5380CDCE5A",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "6762F207-93C7-4363-B2F9-7A7C6F8AF993",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "1B74B912-152D-4F38-9FC1-741D6D0B27FC",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:hyperion_infrastructure_technology:11.1.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "DED59B62-C9BF-4C0E-B351-3884E8441655",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_xstore_point_of_service:15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "11DA6839-849D-4CEF-85F3-38FE75E07183",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_xstore_point_of_service:16.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "BCE78490-A4BE-40BD-8C72-0A4526BBD4A4",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_xstore_point_of_service:17.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "55AE3629-4A66-49E4-A33D-6D81CC94962F",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_xstore_point_of_service:18.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "4CB39A1A-AD29-45DD-9EB5-5E2053A01B9A",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_xstore_point_of_service:19.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "27C26705-6D1F-4D5E-B64D-B479108154FF",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:webcenter_sites:12.2.1.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "D551CAB1-4312-44AA-BDA8-A030817E153A",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:oracle:webcenter_sites:12.2.1.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "174A6D2E-E42E-4C92-A194-C6A820CD7EF4",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "c3p0 version \u003c 0.9.5.4 may be exploited by a billion laughs attack when loading XML configuration due to missing protections against recursive entity expansion when loading configuration."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En c3p0 versiones \u003c0.9.5.4, puede ser explotada por un ataque de tipo a billion laughs al cargar la configuraci\u00f3n XML producto de la falta de protecciones faltantes contra la expansi\u00f3n recursiva de la entidad al cargar la configuraci\u00f3n."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2019-5427",
"lastModified": "2025-09-05T17:23:58.510",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV2": [
{
"acInsufInfo": false,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"cvssData": {
"accessComplexity": "LOW",
"accessVector": "NETWORK",
"authentication": "NONE",
"availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"baseScore": 5.0,
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P",
"version": "2.0"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 10.0,
"impactScore": 2.9,
"obtainAllPrivilege": false,
"obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
"obtainUserPrivilege": false,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary",
"userInteractionRequired": false
}
],
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
"impactScore": 3.6,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2019-04-22T21:29:00.523",
"references": [
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Exploit",
"Issue Tracking",
"Patch",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/509315"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BFIVX6HOVNLAM7W3SUAMHYRNLCVQSAWR/"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MQ47OFV57Y2DAHMGA5H3JOL4WHRWRFN4/"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Exploit",
"Issue Tracking",
"Patch",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/509315"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BFIVX6HOVNLAM7W3SUAMHYRNLCVQSAWR/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MQ47OFV57Y2DAHMGA5H3JOL4WHRWRFN4/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "support@hackerone.com",
"vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-776"
}
],
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"type": "Secondary"
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-776"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Low",
"current_release_date": "2026-08-04T23:12:38+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2019-5427",
"id": "CVE-2019-5427",
"initial_release_date": "2019-04-17T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:fixed": "1",
"product_status:known_affected": "8",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "4",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "c3p0: loading XML configuration leads to denial of service",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2019/cve-2019-5427.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
Loading timeline…
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.