GCVE Workshop - 22 September 2026 (14:00-18:00), Luxembourg Before The Vulnopticon Conference - Registration

CVE-2016-7798 (GCVE-0-2016-7798)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2017-01-30 22:00 – Updated: 2024-08-06 02:04
VLAI
Summary
The openssl gem for Ruby uses the same initialization vector (IV) in GCM Mode (aes-*-gcm) when the IV is set before the key, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to bypass the encryption protection mechanism.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • n/a
Assigner
References
Date Public
2016-03-27 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-06T02:04:56.020Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "[oss-security] 20160930 Re: CVE Request - Ruby OpenSSL Library - IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
            "tags": [
              "mailing-list",
              "x_refsource_MLIST",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/30/6"
          },
          {
            "name": "DSA-3966",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_DEBIAN",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3966"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/ruby/openssl/commit/8108e0a6db133f3375608303fdd2083eb5115062"
          },
          {
            "name": "[oss-security] 20160930 Re: CVE Request - Ruby OpenSSL Library - IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
            "tags": [
              "mailing-list",
              "x_refsource_MLIST",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/10/01/2"
          },
          {
            "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20180714 [SECURITY] [DLA 1421-1] ruby2.1 security update",
            "tags": [
              "mailing-list",
              "x_refsource_MLIST",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00012.html"
          },
          {
            "name": "[oss-security] 20160919 CVE Request - Ruby OpenSSL Library - IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
            "tags": [
              "mailing-list",
              "x_refsource_MLIST",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/19/9"
          },
          {
            "name": "93031",
            "tags": [
              "vdb-entry",
              "x_refsource_BID",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93031"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/49"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n/a",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2016-03-27T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The openssl gem for Ruby uses the same initialization vector (IV) in GCM Mode (aes-*-gcm) when the IV is set before the key, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to bypass the encryption protection mechanism."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "n/a",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "text"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2018-07-14T09:57:01.000Z",
        "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "shortName": "mitre"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "[oss-security] 20160930 Re: CVE Request - Ruby OpenSSL Library - IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
          "tags": [
            "mailing-list",
            "x_refsource_MLIST"
          ],
          "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/30/6"
        },
        {
          "name": "DSA-3966",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_DEBIAN"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3966"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ruby/openssl/commit/8108e0a6db133f3375608303fdd2083eb5115062"
        },
        {
          "name": "[oss-security] 20160930 Re: CVE Request - Ruby OpenSSL Library - IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
          "tags": [
            "mailing-list",
            "x_refsource_MLIST"
          ],
          "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/10/01/2"
        },
        {
          "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20180714 [SECURITY] [DLA 1421-1] ruby2.1 security update",
          "tags": [
            "mailing-list",
            "x_refsource_MLIST"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00012.html"
        },
        {
          "name": "[oss-security] 20160919 CVE Request - Ruby OpenSSL Library - IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
          "tags": [
            "mailing-list",
            "x_refsource_MLIST"
          ],
          "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/19/9"
        },
        {
          "name": "93031",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "x_refsource_BID"
          ],
          "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93031"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/49"
        }
      ],
      "x_legacyV4Record": {
        "CVE_data_meta": {
          "ASSIGNER": "cve@mitre.org",
          "ID": "CVE-2016-7798",
          "STATE": "PUBLIC"
        },
        "affects": {
          "vendor": {
            "vendor_data": [
              {
                "product": {
                  "product_data": [
                    {
                      "product_name": "n/a",
                      "version": {
                        "version_data": [
                          {
                            "version_value": "n/a"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "vendor_name": "n/a"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "eng",
              "value": "The openssl gem for Ruby uses the same initialization vector (IV) in GCM Mode (aes-*-gcm) when the IV is set before the key, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to bypass the encryption protection mechanism."
            }
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "n/a"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "[oss-security] 20160930 Re: CVE Request - Ruby OpenSSL Library - IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
              "refsource": "MLIST",
              "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/30/6"
            },
            {
              "name": "DSA-3966",
              "refsource": "DEBIAN",
              "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3966"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/ruby/openssl/commit/8108e0a6db133f3375608303fdd2083eb5115062",
              "refsource": "CONFIRM",
              "url": "https://github.com/ruby/openssl/commit/8108e0a6db133f3375608303fdd2083eb5115062"
            },
            {
              "name": "[oss-security] 20160930 Re: CVE Request - Ruby OpenSSL Library - IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
              "refsource": "MLIST",
              "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/10/01/2"
            },
            {
              "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20180714 [SECURITY] [DLA 1421-1] ruby2.1 security update",
              "refsource": "MLIST",
              "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00012.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "[oss-security] 20160919 CVE Request - Ruby OpenSSL Library - IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
              "refsource": "MLIST",
              "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/19/9"
            },
            {
              "name": "93031",
              "refsource": "BID",
              "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93031"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/49",
              "refsource": "CONFIRM",
              "url": "https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/49"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2016-7798",
    "datePublished": "2017-01-30T22:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2016-09-09T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-08-06T02:04:56.020Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2016-7798",
      "date": "2026-09-14",
      "epss": "0.03167",
      "percentile": "0.87289"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2020-09-25T00:00:00.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2016-7798",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2016-7798",
      "initial_release_date": "2017-01-02T00:00:00.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "The openssl gem for Ruby uses the same initialization vector (IV) in GCM Mode (aes-*-gcm) when the IV is set before the key which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to bypass the encryption protection mechanism.",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2017/msrc_cve-2016-7798.json",
      "version": "1"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2016-7798\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"published\":\"2017-01-30T22:59:00.747\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-05-13T00:24:29.033\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"The openssl gem for Ruby uses the same initialization vector (IV) in GCM Mode (aes-*-gcm) when the IV is set before the key, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to bypass the encryption protection mechanism.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"La openssl gem para Ruby utiliza el mismo vector de inicializaci\u00f3n (IV) en el modo GCM (aes - * - gcm) cuando el IV se establece en versiones anteriores a la clave, lo que facilita que los atacantes dependiendo del contexto eludan el mecanismo de protecci\u00f3n del cifrado.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N\",\"baseScore\":7.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":3.6}],\"cvssMetricV2\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"2.0\",\"vectorString\":\"AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N\",\"baseScore\":5.0,\"accessVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"accessComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"authentication\":\"NONE\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"PARTIAL\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"exploitabilityScore\":10.0,\"impactScore\":2.9,\"acInsufInfo\":true,\"obtainAllPrivilege\":false,\"obtainUserPrivilege\":false,\"obtainOtherPrivilege\":false,\"userInteractionRequired\":false}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-326\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:ruby-lang:openssl:*:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"2.0.0\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"5A99A902-22BC-4E8A-92CD-58A7ABA19A5E\"}]}]},{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"C11E6FB0-C8C0-4527-9AA0-CB9B316F8F43\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"DEECE5FC-CACF-4496-A3E7-164736409252\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/19/9\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/30/6\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/10/01/2\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93031\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\",\"VDB Entry\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/ruby/openssl/commit/8108e0a6db133f3375608303fdd2083eb5115062\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/49\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00012.html\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3966\",\"source\":\"cve@mitre.org\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/19/9\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/30/6\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/10/01/2\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93031\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\",\"VDB Entry\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/ruby/openssl/commit/8108e0a6db133f3375608303fdd2083eb5115062\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/ruby/openssl/issues/49\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00012.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Mailing List\",\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3966\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-05-13T01:16:11+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2016-7798",
      "id": "CVE-2016-7798",
      "initial_release_date": "2016-09-19T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "83",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "ruby: IV Reuse in GCM Mode",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2016/cve-2016-7798.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.