CWE-601

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.

CVE-2021-3851 (GCVE-0-2021-3851)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-10-19 12:30 – Updated: 2024-08-03 17:09
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect in firefly-iii/firefly-iii
Summary
firefly-iii is vulnerable to URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
firefly-iii firefly-iii/firefly-iii Affected: unspecified , < 5.6.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-38678 (GCVE-0-2021-38678)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-01-14 01:00 – Updated: 2024-09-17 03:59
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect Vulnerability in QcalAgent
Summary
An open redirect vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP device running QcalAgent. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to redirect users to an untrusted page that contains malware. We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QcalAgent: QcalAgent 1.1.7 and later
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
QNAP Systems Inc. QcalAgent Affected: unspecified , < 1.1.7 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2022-01-12 00:00
Credits
Tony Martin, a security researcher
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-39191 (GCVE-0-2021-39191)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-09-03 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-04 01:58
VLAI
Title
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') in mod_auth_openidc
Summary
mod_auth_openidc is an authentication/authorization module for the Apache 2.x HTTP server that functions as an OpenID Connect Relying Party, authenticating users against an OpenID Connect Provider. In versions prior to 2.4.9.4, the 3rd-party init SSO functionality of mod_auth_openidc was reported to be vulnerable to an open redirect attack by supplying a crafted URL in the `target_link_uri` parameter. A patch in version 2.4.9.4 made it so that the `OIDCRedirectURLsAllowed` setting must be applied to the `target_link_uri` parameter. There are no known workarounds aside from upgrading to a patched version.
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
zmartzone mod_auth_openidc Affected: <=2.4.9.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-3989 (GCVE-0-2021-3989)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-12-01 10:55 – Updated: 2024-08-03 17:09
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect in star7th/showdoc
Summary
showdoc is vulnerable to URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
star7th star7th/showdoc Affected: unspecified , < 2.9.13 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-4000 (GCVE-0-2021-4000)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-12-03 10:45 – Updated: 2024-08-03 17:16
VLAI
Title
Open Redirect in star7th/showdoc
Summary
showdoc is vulnerable to URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
star7th star7th/showdoc Affected: unspecified , < 2.9.13 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-40852 (GCVE-0-2021-40852)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-12-17 16:10 – Updated: 2024-09-16 18:56
VLAI
Title
TCMAN GIM open redirect vulnerability
Summary
TCMAN GIM is affected by an open redirect vulnerability. This vulnerability allows the redirection of user navigation to pages controlled by the attacker. The exploitation of this vulnerability might allow a remote attacker to obtain information.
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TCMAN GIM Affected: 8.0
Affected: 11.0
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2021-12-17 00:00
Credits
Victor Fidalgo Villar
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-41180 (GCVE-0-2021-41180)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-03-08 17:45 – Updated: 2025-04-22 18:20
VLAI
Title
Geolocation preview links can be set to arbitrary links in nextcloud talk
Summary
Nextcloud talk is a self hosting messaging service. In versions prior 12.1.2 an attacker is able to control the link of a geolocation preview in the Nextcloud Talk application due to a lack of validation on the link. This could result in an open-redirect, but required user interaction. This only affected users of the Android Talk client. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Talk App is upgraded to 12.1.2. There are no known workarounds.
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-4260 (GCVE-0-2021-4260)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-19 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-15 12:57
VLAI
Title
oils-js Web.js redirect
Summary
A vulnerability was found in oils-js. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file core/Web.js. The manipulation leads to open redirect. The attack can be initiated remotely. The name of the patch is fad8fbae824a7d367dacb90d56cb02c5cb999d42. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-216268.
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-43812 (GCVE-0-2021-43812)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-12-16 18:20 – Updated: 2024-08-04 04:03
VLAI
Title
Open redirect in nextjs-auth0
Summary
The Auth0 Next.js SDK is a library for implementing user authentication in Next.js applications. Versions before 1.6.2 do not filter out certain returnTo parameter values from the login url, which expose the application to an open redirect vulnerability. Users are advised to upgrade as soon as possible. There are no known workarounds for this issue.
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
auth0 nextjs-auth0 Affected: < 1.6.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-44054 (GCVE-0-2021-44054)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-05-05 16:50 – Updated: 2024-09-16 16:57
VLAI
Title
Open redirect
Summary
An open redirect vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP device running QuTScloud, QuTS hero and QTS. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to redirect users to an untrusted page that contains malware. We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QuTScloud, QuTS hero and QTS: QuTScloud c5.0.1.1949 and later QuTS hero h5.0.0.1949 build 20220215 and later QuTS hero h4.5.4.1951 build 20220218 and later QTS 5.0.0.1986 build 20220324 and later QTS 4.5.4.1991 build 20220329 and later
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
QNAP Systems Inc. QuTScloud Affected: unspecified , < c5.0.1.1949 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
QNAP Systems Inc. QuTS hero Affected: unspecified , < h5.0.0.1949 build 20220215 (custom)
Affected: unspecified , < h4.5.4.1951 build 20220218 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
QNAP Systems Inc. QTS Affected: unspecified , < 5.0.0.1986 build 20220324 (custom)
Affected: unspecified , < 4.5.4.1991 build 20220329 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2022-05-06 00:00
Credits
Enio Pena Navarro and Michael Messner from Siemens Energy AG
Show details on NVD website

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                      "product_name": "QuTScloud",
                      "version": {
                        "version_data": [
                          {
                            "version_affected": "\u003c",
                            "version_value": "c5.0.1.1949"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "product_name": "QuTS hero",
                      "version": {
                        "version_data": [
                          {
                            "version_affected": "\u003c",
                            "version_value": "h5.0.0.1949 build 20220215"
                          },
                          {
                            "version_affected": "\u003c",
                            "version_value": "h4.5.4.1951 build 20220218"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "product_name": "QTS",
                      "version": {
                        "version_data": [
                          {
                            "version_affected": "\u003c",
                            "version_value": "5.0.0.1986 build 20220324"
                          },
                          {
                            "version_affected": "\u003c",
                            "version_value": "4.5.4.1991 build 20220329"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "vendor_name": "QNAP Systems Inc."
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "credit": [
          {
            "lang": "eng",
            "value": "Enio Pena Navarro and Michael Messner from Siemens Energy AG"
          }
        ],
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "eng",
              "value": "An open redirect vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP device running QuTScloud, QuTS hero and QTS. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to redirect users to an untrusted page that contains malware. We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QuTScloud, QuTS hero and QTS: QuTScloud c5.0.1.1949 and later QuTS hero h5.0.0.1949 build 20220215 and later QuTS hero h4.5.4.1951 build 20220218 and later QTS 5.0.0.1986 build 20220324 and later QTS 4.5.4.1991 build 20220329 and later"
            }
          ]
        },
        "generator": {
          "engine": "Vulnogram 0.0.9"
        },
        "impact": {
          "cvss": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-601"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-22-16",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-22-16"
            }
          ]
        },
        "solution": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QuTScloud, QuTS hero and QTS:\nQuTScloud c5.0.1.1949 and later\nQuTS hero h5.0.0.1949 build 20220215 and later\nQuTS hero h4.5.4.1951 build 20220218 and later\nQTS 5.0.0.1986 build 20220324 and later\nQTS 4.5.4.1991 build 20220329 and later"
          }
        ],
        "source": {
          "advisory": "QSA-22-16",
          "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "2fd009eb-170a-4625-932b-17a53af1051f",
    "assignerShortName": "qnap",
    "cveId": "CVE-2021-44054",
    "datePublished": "2022-05-05T16:50:24.966Z",
    "dateReserved": "2021-11-19T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-09-16T16:57:37.609Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Mitigation ID: MIT-5

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21.2

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

Description:

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation ID: MIT-6

Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Description:

  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
  • Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation ID: MIT-29

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Description:

  • Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing

An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.

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