CWE-367
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.
CVE-2026-20445 (GCVE-0-2026-20445)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-02 08:39 – Updated: 2026-03-30 13:06
VLAI
Summary
In MDDP, there is a possible system crash due to a race condition. This could lead to local denial of service if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS10289875; Issue ID: MSV-5184.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT6835
Affected: MT6855 Affected: MT6878 Affected: MT6879 Affected: MT6883 Affected: MT6885 Affected: MT6886 Affected: MT6889 Affected: MT6893 Affected: MT6895 Affected: MT6897 Affected: MT6899 Affected: MT6983 Affected: MT6985 Affected: MT6989 Affected: MT6991 Affected: MT6993 Affected: MT8188 Affected: MT8678 Affected: MT8755 Affected: MT8771 Affected: MT8797 Affected: MT8798 |
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CVE-2026-20796 (GCVE-0-2026-20796)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-13 10:30 – Updated: 2026-02-13 17:02
VLAI
Title
Time-of-check time-of-use vulnerability in common teams API
Summary
Mattermost versions 10.11.x <= 10.11.9 fail to properly validate channel membership at the time of data retrieval which allows a deactivated user to learn team names they should not have access to via a race condition in the /common_teams API endpoint.. Mattermost Advisory ID: MMSA-2025-00549
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://mattermost.com/security-updates | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mattermost | Mattermost |
Affected:
10.11.0 , ≤ 10.11.9
(semver)
Unaffected: 11.3.0 Unaffected: 10.11.10 |
Credits
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CVE-2026-20809 (GCVE-0-2026-20809)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 17:56 – Updated: 2026-04-01 13:48
VLAI
Title
Windows Kernel Memory Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Kernel Memory allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
18 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8783
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8276
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.6809
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.6809
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6491
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6491
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.7623
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.7623
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22968
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22968
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8783
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8783
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8276
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8276
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4648
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.2092
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32230
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32230
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-01-13 16:00
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CVE-2026-20816 (GCVE-0-2026-20816)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 17:56 – Updated: 2026-04-01 13:48
VLAI
Title
Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Installer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
24 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8783
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8276
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.6809
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.6809
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6491
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6491
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.7623
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.7623
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.28117
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.28117
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23717
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23717
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25868
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25868
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22968
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22968
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8783
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8783
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8276
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8276
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4648
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.2092
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32230
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32230
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-01-13 16:00
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CVE-2026-20831 (GCVE-0-2026-20831)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 17:56 – Updated: 2026-04-01 13:48
VLAI
Title
Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
24 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8783
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8276
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.6809
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.6809
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6491
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6491
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.7623
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.7623
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.28117
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.28117
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23717
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23717
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25868
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25868
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22968
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22968
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8783
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8783
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8276
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8276
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4648
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.2092
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32230
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32230
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-01-13 16:00
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"product": "Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2",
"vendor": "Microsoft",
"versions": [
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"lessThan": "6.0.6003.23717",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.0.6003.0",
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"product": "Windows Server 2012",
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"product": "Windows Server 2016",
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CVE-2026-21240 (GCVE-0-2026-21240)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 17:51 – Updated: 2026-05-11 21:25
VLAI
Title
Windows HTTP.sys Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows HTTP.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
15 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8389
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.6937
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.6937
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6649
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6649
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.7840
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.7840
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.1575
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.1575
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8389
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8389
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4773
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.2149
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32370
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32370
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-02-10 16:00
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CVE-2026-21523 (GCVE-0-2026-21523)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 17:51 – Updated: 2026-05-11 21:25
VLAI
Title
GitHub Copilot and Visual Studio Code Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in GitHub Copilot and Visual Studio allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio Code CoPilot Chat Extension |
Affected:
0.27.0 , < 0.37.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Visual Studio Code |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 1.110.1
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-02-10 16:00
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CVE-2026-21912 (GCVE-0-2026-21912)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-15 20:24 – Updated: 2026-01-15 20:50
VLAI
Title
Junos OS: MX10k Series: 'show system firmware' CLI command may lead to LC480 or LC2101 line card reset
Summary
A Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability in the method to collect FPC Ethernet firmware statistics of Juniper Networks Junos OS on MX10k Series allows a local, low-privileged attacker executing the 'show system firmware' CLI command to cause an LC480 or LC2101 line card to reset.
On MX10k Series systems with LC480 or LC2101 line cards, repeated execution of the 'show system firmware' CLI command can cause the line card to crash and restart. Additionally, some time after the line card crashes, chassisd may also crash and restart, generating a core dump.This issue affects Junos OS on MX10k Series:
* all versions before 21.2R3-S10,
* from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S9,
* from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S7,
* from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S6,
* from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S2,
* from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S3,
* from 24.2 before 24.2R2.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA106011 | vendor-advisory |
| https://kb.juniper.net/JSA106011 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
0 , < 21.2R3-S10
(semver)
Affected: 21.4 , < 21.4R3-S9 (semver) Affected: 22.2 , < 22.2R3-S7 (semver) Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R3-S6 (semver) Affected: 23.2 , < 23.2R2-S2 (semver) Affected: 23.4 , < 23.4R2-S3 (semver) Affected: 24.2 , < 24.2R2 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-01-14 17:00
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CVE-2026-22281 (GCVE-0-2026-22281)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-22 19:11 – Updated: 2026-01-22 19:35
VLAI
Summary
Dell PowerScale OneFS, versions 9.5.0.0 through 9.5.1.5, versions 9.6.0.0 through 9.7.1.10, versions 9.8.0.0 through 9.10.1.3, versions starting from 9.11.0.0 and prior to 9.13.0.0, contains a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with adjacent network access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to denial of service.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/00041558… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dell | PowerScale OneFS |
Affected:
N/A , < 9.13.0.0
(semver)
Affected: N/A , < 9.5.1.6 (semver) Affected: N/A , < 9.7.1.11 (semver) Affected: N/A , < 9.10.1.4 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-01-22 18:30
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CVE-2026-22701 (GCVE-0-2026-22701)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-10 05:59 – Updated: 2026-01-12 16:45
VLAI
Title
filelock Time-of-Check-Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Symlink Vulnerability in SoftFileLock
Summary
filelock is a platform-independent file lock for Python. Prior to version 3.20.3, a TOCTOU race condition vulnerability exists in the SoftFileLock implementation of the filelock package. An attacker with local filesystem access and permission to create symlinks can exploit a race condition between the permission validation and file creation to cause lock operations to fail or behave unexpectedly. The vulnerability occurs in the _acquire() method between raise_on_not_writable_file() (permission check) and os.open() (file creation). During this race window, an attacker can create a symlink at the lock file path, potentially causing the lock to operate on an unintended target file or leading to denial of service. This issue has been patched in version 3.20.3.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tox-dev/filelock/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tox-dev/filelock/commit/255ed0… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tox-dev/filelock/commit/41b42d… | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
Mitigation
Phases: Implementation, Architecture and Design
Description:
- If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links
This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.