CWE-367

Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition

The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.

CVE-2025-59261 (GCVE-0-2025-59261)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-14 17:01 – Updated: 2026-02-22 17:26
VLAI
Title
Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Microsoft Graphics Component allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2 Affected: 10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.6060 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H3 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6060 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.6060 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6899 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 Affected: 10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.6899 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Affected: 10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4294 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1913 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Microsoft Windows Server 2025 Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6899 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Affected: 10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6899 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-10-14 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-59497 (GCVE-0-2025-59497)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-14 17:01 – Updated: 2026-02-22 17:26
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Defender for Linux Denial of Service Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Microsoft Defender for Linux allows an authorized attacker to deny service locally.
Severity
7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Microsoft Defender for Endpoint for Linux Affected: 101.0.0 , < 101.25032.0010 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-10-14 14:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-62003 (GCVE-0-2025-62003)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-18 20:35 – Updated: 2026-01-15 19:51
VLAI
Title
BullWall Server Intrusion Protection RDP MFA connection delay
Summary
BullWall Server Intrusion Protection has a noticeable configuration-dependent delay before the MFA check for RDP connections. A remote, authenticated attacker can potentially bypass detection during this delay. Versions 4.6.0.0, 4.6.0.6, 4.6.0.7, and 4.6.1.4 are affected. Other versions may also be affected.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
BullWall Server Intrusion Protection Affected: 4.6.0.0 , < * (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-18 00:00
Credits
Alexander Nikolaj Fischer
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-62004 (GCVE-0-2025-62004)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-18 20:36 – Updated: 2026-01-15 19:51
VLAI
Title
BullWall Server Intrusion Protection (SIP) initialization race condition
Summary
BullWall Server Intrusion Protection (SIP) services are initialized after login services during system startup. A local, authenticated attacker can log in after boot and before SIP MFA is running. The SIP services do not retroactively enforce MFA or disconnect sessions that were not subject to SIP MFA. Versions 4.6.0.0, 4.6.0.6, 4.6.0.7, and 4.6.1.4 are affected. Other versions mayy also be affected. BullWall plans to improve detection method documentation.
Severity
7.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
BullWall Server Intrusion Protection Affected: 4.6.0.0 , < * (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-18 00:00
Credits
Alexander Nikolaj Fischer
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CVE-2025-6217 (GCVE-0-2025-6217)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-21 00:08 – Updated: 2025-06-23 20:16
VLAI
Title
PEAK-System Driver PCANFD_ADD_FILTERS Time-Of-Check Time-Of-Use Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
PEAK-System Driver PCANFD_ADD_FILTERS Time-Of-Check Time-Of-Use Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PEAK-System Driver. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the PCANFD_ADD_FILTERS IOCTL. The issue results from the lack of proper locking when performing operations on an object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel. Was ZDI-CAN-24161.
Severity
3.8 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
PEAK-System Driver Affected: 8.18.0
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-06-18 19:33
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2025-62511 (GCVE-0-2025-62511)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-17 19:55 – Updated: 2025-10-17 20:22
VLAI
Title
yt-grabber-tui local arbitrary file overwrite via TOCTOU race in config file creation
Summary
yt-grabber-tui is a C++ terminal user interface application for downloading YouTube content. yt-grabber-tui version 1.0 contains a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition (CWE-367) in the creation of the default configuration file config.json. In version 1.0, load_json_settings in Settings.hpp checks for the existence of config.json using boost::filesystem::exists and, if the file is missing, calls create_json_settings which writes the JSON configuration with boost::property_tree::write_json. A local attacker with write access to the application’s configuration directory (~/.config/yt-grabber-tui on Linux or the current working directory on Windows) can create a symbolic link between the existence check and the subsequent write so that the write operation follows the symlink and overwrites an attacker-chosen file accessible to the running process. This enables arbitrary file overwrite within the privileges of the application process, which can corrupt files and cause loss of application or user data. If the application is executed with elevated privileges, this could extend to system file corruption. The issue is fixed in version 1.0.1.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2025-62724 (GCVE-0-2025-62724)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-20 16:53 – Updated: 2025-11-21 16:56
VLAI
Title
Open OnDemand allowlist bypass using symlinks in directory downloads (TOCTOU)
Summary
Open OnDemand is an open-source HPC portal. Prior to versions 4.0.8 and 3.1.16, users can craft a "Time of Check to Time of Use" (TOCTOU) attack when downloading zip files to access files outside of the OOD_ALLOWLIST. This vulnerability impacts sites that use the file browser allowlists in all current versions of OOD. However, files accessed are still protected by the UNIX permissions. Open OnDemand versions 4.0.8 and 3.1.16 have been patched for this vulnerability.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-61 - UNIX Symbolic Link (Symlink) Following
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OSC ondemand Affected: < 4.0.8
Affected: < 3.1.16
Create a notification for this product.
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CVE-2025-64118 (GCVE-0-2025-64118)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-30 17:50 – Updated: 2025-10-30 18:42
VLAI
Title
node-tar vulnerable to race condition leading to uninitialized memory exposure
Summary
node-tar is a Tar for Node.js. In 7.5.1, using .t (aka .list) with { sync: true } to read tar entry contents returns uninitialized memory contents if tar file was changed on disk to a smaller size while being read. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.2.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
CWE
  • CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
isaacs node-tar Affected: = 7.5.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2025-64180 (GCVE-0-2025-64180)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-07 02:58 – Updated: 2026-01-07 17:09
VLAI
Title
Manager-io/Manager: Complete Bypass of SSRF Protection via Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU)
Summary
Manager-io/Manager is accounting software. In Manager Desktop and Server versions 25.11.1.3085 and below, a critical vulnerability permits unauthorized access to internal network resources. The flaw lies in the fundamental design of the DNS validation mechanism. A Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) condition that allows attackers to bypass network isolation and access internal services, cloud metadata endpoints, and protected network segments. The Desktop edition requires no authentication; the Server edition requires only standard authentication. This issue is fixed in version 25.11.1.3086.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
  • CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Manager-io Manager Affected: < 25.11.1.3086
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-64457 (GCVE-0-2025-64457)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-10 13:28 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:47
VLAI
Summary
In JetBrains ReSharper, Rider and dotTrace before 2025.2.5 local privilege escalation was possible via race condition
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
JetBrains ReSharper, Rider and dotTrace Affected: 0 , < 2025.2.5 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
Mitigation

Phases: Implementation, Architecture and Design

Description:

  • If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links

This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.

CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions

This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.

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