CWE-367
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.
CVE-2025-24036 (GCVE-0-2025-24036)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-11 17:58 – Updated: 2026-02-26 19:09
VLAI
Title
Microsoft AutoUpdate (MAU) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Microsoft AutoUpdate (MAU) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft AutoUpdate for Mac |
Affected:
4.0.0 , < 4.78.25022527
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-02-11 08:00
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CVE-2025-2425 (GCVE-0-2025-2425)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-18 09:20 – Updated: 2025-07-18 11:37
VLAI
Title
TOCTOU race condition vulnerability in ESET products on Windows
Summary
Time-of-check to time-of-use race condition vulnerability potentially allowed an attacker to use the installed ESET security software to clear the content of an arbitrary file on the file system.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
11 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET NOD32 Antivirus |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 18.1.13.0
(custom)
|
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Internet Security |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 18.1.13.0
(custom)
|
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Smart Security Premium |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 18.1.13.0
(custom)
|
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Security Ultimate |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 18.1.13.0
(custom)
|
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Endpoint Antivirus for Windows |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 12.0.2049.0
(custom)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 11.1.2059.0 (custom) |
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Endpoint Security for Windows |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 12.0.2049.0
(custom)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 11.1.2059.0 (custom) |
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Small Business Security |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 18.1.13.0
(custom)
|
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Safe Server |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 18.1.13.0
(custom)
|
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Server Security for Windows Server |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 12.0.12004.0
(custom)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 11.1.12009.1 (custom) |
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Mail Security for Microsoft Exchange Server |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 12.0.10003.0
(custom)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 11.1.10011.0 (custom) |
|
| ESET, spol. s.r.o | ESET Security for Microsoft SharePoint Server |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 12.0.15004.0
(custom)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 11.1.15003.0 (custom) |
Date Public
2025-07-16 10:00
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CVE-2025-24430 (GCVE-0-2025-24430)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-11 17:37 – Updated: 2025-04-15 16:04
VLAI
Title
Adobe Commerce | Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition (CWE-367)
Summary
Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.8-beta1, 2.4.7-p3, 2.4.6-p8, 2.4.5-p10, 2.4.4-p11 and earlier are affected by a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability that could result in a security feature bypass. An attacker could exploit this race condition to alter a condition after it has been checked but before it is used, potentially bypassing rate limiting mechanisms. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition (CWE-367)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/magento… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adobe | Adobe Commerce |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.4.8-beta1
(semver)
|
Date Public
2025-02-11 17:00
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CVE-2025-24432 (GCVE-0-2025-24432)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-11 17:37 – Updated: 2025-04-15 16:08
VLAI
Title
Adobe Commerce | Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition (CWE-367)
Summary
Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.8-beta1, 2.4.7-p3, 2.4.6-p8, 2.4.5-p10, 2.4.4-p11 and earlier are affected by a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability that could result in a security feature bypass. An attacker could exploit this race condition to alter a condition after it has been checked but before it is used, potentially bypassing rate limiting mechanisms. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition (CWE-367)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/magento… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adobe | Adobe Commerce |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.4.8-beta1
(semver)
|
Date Public
2025-02-11 17:00
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CVE-2025-26620 (GCVE-0-2025-26620)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-18 17:36 – Updated: 2025-02-18 19:05
VLAI
Title
Duende.AccessTokenManagement race condition when concurrently retrieving customized Client Credentials Access Tokens
Summary
Duende.AccessTokenManagement is a set of .NET libraries that manage OAuth and OpenId Connect access tokens. Duende.AccessTokenManagement contains a race condition when requesting access tokens using the client credentials flow. Concurrent requests to obtain an access token using differing protocol parameters can return access tokens obtained with the wrong scope, resource indicator, or other protocol parameters. Such usage is somewhat atypical, and only a small percentage of users are likely to be affected. Duende.AccessTokenManagement can request access tokens using the client credentials flow in several ways. In basic usage, the client credentials flow is configured once and the parameters do not vary. In more advanced situations, requests with varying protocol parameters may be made by calling specific overloads of these methods: `HttpContext.GetClientAccessTokenAsync()` and `IClientCredentialsTokenManagementService.GetAccessTokenAsync()`. There are overloads of both of these methods that accept a `TokenRequestParameters` object that customizes token request parameters. However, concurrent requests with varying `TokenRequestParameters` will result in the same token for all concurrent calls. Most users can simply update the NuGet package to the latest version. Customizations of the `IClientCredentialsTokenCache` that derive from the default implementation (`DistributedClientCredentialsTokenCache`) will require a small code change, as its constructor was changed to add a dependency on the `ITokenRequestSynchronization` service. The synchronization service will need to be injected into the derived class and passed to the base constructor. The impact of this vulnerability depends on how Duende.AccessTokenManagement is used and on the security architecture of the solution. Most users will not be vulnerable to this issue. More advanced users may run into this issue by calling the methods specified above with customized token request parameters. The impact of obtaining an access token with different than intended protocol parameters will vary depending on application logic, security architecture, and the authorization policy of the resource servers.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/DuendeSoftware/foss/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/DuendeSoftware/foss/commit/a33… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DuendeSoftware | foss |
Affected:
< 3.2.0
|
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CVE-2025-27076 (GCVE-0-2025-27076)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-06 07:26 – Updated: 2025-08-06 13:28
VLAI
Title
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in Display
Summary
Memory corruption while processing simultaneous requests via escape path.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualcomm, Inc. | Snapdragon |
Affected:
AQT1000
Affected: FastConnect 6200 Affected: FastConnect 6700 Affected: FastConnect 6800 Affected: FastConnect 6900 Affected: FastConnect 7800 Affected: QCA6391 Affected: QCA6420 Affected: QCA6430 Affected: QCM5430 Affected: QCM6490 Affected: QCS5430 Affected: QCS6490 Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC3 Platform Affected: SC8180X+SDX55 Affected: SC8380XP Affected: SM6250 Affected: Snapdragon 7c Compute Platform (SC7180-AC) Affected: Snapdragon 7c Gen 2 Compute Platform (SC7180-AD) "Rennell Pro" Affected: Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 Compute Affected: Snapdragon 8c Compute Platform (SC8180X-AD) "Poipu Lite" Affected: Snapdragon 8c Compute Platform (SC8180XP-AD) "Poipu Lite" Affected: Snapdragon 8cx Compute Platform (SC8180X-AA, AB) Affected: Snapdragon 8cx Compute Platform (SC8180XP-AC, AF) "Poipu Pro" Affected: Snapdragon 8cx Gen 2 5G Compute Platform (SC8180X-AC, AF) "Poipu Pro" Affected: Snapdragon 8cx Gen 2 5G Compute Platform (SC8180XP-AA, AB) Affected: Snapdragon 8cx Gen 3 Compute Platform (SC8280XP-AB, BB) Affected: WCD9340 Affected: WCD9341 Affected: WCD9370 Affected: WCD9375 Affected: WCD9380 Affected: WCD9385 Affected: WSA8810 Affected: WSA8815 Affected: WSA8830 Affected: WSA8835 Affected: WSA8840 Affected: WSA8845 Affected: WSA8845H |
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CVE-2025-27725 (GCVE-0-2025-27725)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-11 16:50 – Updated: 2025-11-13 20:14
VLAI
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use race condition for some ACAT before version 3.13 within Ring 3: User Applications may allow a denial of service. Unprivileged software adversary with an authenticated user combined with a high complexity attack may enable denial of service. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are not present without special internal knowledge and requires active user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (high) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CWE
- Denial of Service
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2025-27812 (GCVE-0-2025-27812)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-10 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-10 14:50
VLAI
Summary
MSI Center before 2.0.52.0 allows TOCTOU Local Privilege Escalation.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2025-29833 (GCVE-0-2025-29833)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-13 16:58 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Virtual Machine Bus (VMBus) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Virtual Machine Bus allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
21 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.21014
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8066
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.5854
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.5854
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5335
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5335
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5335
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4061
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25475
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25475
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22577
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22577
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8066
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8066
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3692
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1611
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4061
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4061
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-05-13 07:00
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CVE-2025-29969 (GCVE-0-2025-29969)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-13 16:58 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI
Title
MS-EVEN RPC Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Fundamentals allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
25 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.21014
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8066
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.5854
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.5854
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5335
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5335
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5335
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4061
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27729
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27729
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23279
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23279
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25475
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25475
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22577
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22577
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8066
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8066
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7314
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.3692
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1611
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4061
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.4061
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-05-13 07:00
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Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
Mitigation
Phases: Implementation, Architecture and Design
Description:
- If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links
This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.