Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
9546 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-100159 (GCVE-0-2026-100159)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-16 02:26 – Updated: 2026-10-16 15:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Popup Box 6.4.1 - 6.4.2 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via Client-IP / X-Forwarded-For HTTP Headers
Summary
The Popup Box plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Shortcode Execution in versions 6.4.1 to 6.4.2. This is due to the ays_popup_get_user_ip() function reading the client-controlled Client-IP / X-Forwarded-For / Forwarded / X-Forwarded / Forwarded-For request headers, sanitizing them only with sanitize_text_field() (which does not strip the bracket, quote, space, or '=' characters used by shortcode syntax), substituting the value into a popup body wherever the %%user_ip_address%% token appears (a raw str_replace with no escaping in Ays_Pb_Data::replace_message_variables()), and then passing the resulting body to do_shortcode() in Ays_Pb_Public::ays_autoembed() at output on the wp_footer hook. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary registered shortcodes with attacker-supplied attributes on the server whenever an administrator has added the %%user_ip_address%% token to a popup's Custom Content body, which can be leveraged to read arbitrary data or perform other actions exposed by shortcodes installed on the site.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 14:50 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
7 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ays-pro | Popup Box – Create Countdown, Coupon, Video, Contact Form Popups |
Affected:
6.4.1 , ≤ 6.4.2
(semver)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-100159",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-16T14:50:08.374687Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T15:09:41.509Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Popup Box \u2013 Create Countdown, Coupon, Video, Contact Form Popups",
"vendor": "ays-pro",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.2",
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.4.1",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "YC_Infosec"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The Popup Box plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Shortcode Execution in versions 6.4.1 to 6.4.2. This is due to the ays_popup_get_user_ip() function reading the client-controlled Client-IP / X-Forwarded-For / Forwarded / X-Forwarded / Forwarded-For request headers, sanitizing them only with sanitize_text_field() (which does not strip the bracket, quote, space, or \u0027=\u0027 characters used by shortcode syntax), substituting the value into a popup body wherever the %%user_ip_address%% token appears (a raw str_replace with no escaping in Ays_Pb_Data::replace_message_variables()), and then passing the resulting body to do_shortcode() in Ays_Pb_Public::ays_autoembed() at output on the wp_footer hook. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary registered shortcodes with attacker-supplied attributes on the server whenever an administrator has added the %%user_ip_address%% token to a popup\u0027s Custom Content body, which can be leveraged to read arbitrary data or perform other actions exposed by shortcodes installed on the site."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 4.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T02:26:09.256Z",
"orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"shortName": "Wordfence"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/535c4796-d1aa-4cd1-922e-f9dcf216f76d?source=cve"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ays-popup-box/tags/6.4.2/public/class-ays-pb-public.php#L3389"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ays-popup-box/tags/6.4.2/public/partials/ays-pb-public-templates.php#L4560"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ays-popup-box/tags/6.4.2/public/partials/ays-pb-public-templates.php#L4299"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ays-popup-box/tags/6.4.2/includes/class-ays-pb-data.php#L79"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ays-popup-box/tags/6.4.2/public/partials/ays-pb-public-templates.php#L69"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ays-popup-box/tags/6.4.3/public/class-ays-pb-public.php"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T12:34:28.000Z",
"value": "Vendor Notified"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-10-15T13:57:16.000Z",
"value": "Disclosed"
}
],
"title": "Popup Box 6.4.1 - 6.4.2 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via Client-IP / X-Forwarded-For HTTP Headers"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-100159",
"datePublished": "2026-10-16T02:26:09.256Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-25T12:19:23.903Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T15:09:41.509Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-100157 (GCVE-0-2026-100157)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-03 06:38 – Updated: 2026-10-03 15:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WP Ultimate Review <= 2.4.3 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via 'xs_reviw_summery' Parameter (Split-Shortcode / Late-Registered Shortcode)
Summary
The The WP Ultimate Review plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 2.4.3. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes. The nonce required to pass the only gate is emitted to unauthenticated visitors via the public review form, and submitted shortcode payloads are auto-published without admin approval by default, meaning exploitation requires no account and no privileged interaction.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-03 15:24 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
6 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| roxnor | WP Ultimate Review |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.4.3
(semver)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-100157",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-03T15:24:14.767164Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-03T15:42:41.054Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "WP Ultimate Review",
"vendor": "roxnor",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2.4.3",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "walid213"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The The WP Ultimate Review plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 2.4.3. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes. The nonce required to pass the only gate is emitted to unauthenticated visitors via the public review form, and submitted shortcode payloads are auto-published without admin approval by default, meaning exploitation requires no account and no privileged interaction."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 6.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-03T06:38:26.027Z",
"orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"shortName": "Wordfence"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/ee3690d9-d1c3-4653-948b-cba1a7653574?source=cve"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-ultimate-review/tags/2.4.3/app/content.php#L347"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-ultimate-review/tags/2.4.3/app/content.php#L217"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-ultimate-review/tags/2.4.3/app/content.php#L52"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wp-ultimate-review/tags/2.4.3/init.php#L286"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3720426%40wp-ultimate-review\u0026new=3720426%40wp-ultimate-review"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T12:33:09.000Z",
"value": "Vendor Notified"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-10-02T17:41:41.000Z",
"value": "Disclosed"
}
],
"title": "WP Ultimate Review \u003c= 2.4.3 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via \u0027xs_reviw_summery\u0027 Parameter (Split-Shortcode / Late-Registered Shortcode)"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-100157",
"datePublished": "2026-10-03T06:38:26.027Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-25T12:18:04.662Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-03T15:42:41.054Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-100152 (GCVE-0-2026-100152)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-03 05:29 – Updated: 2026-10-03 15:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
All in One SEO <= 5.0.2 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via 's' Search Query Parameter
Summary
The The All in One SEO – AI SEO Plugin to Boost SEO Rankings & Traffic (Schema, Local SEO, Sitemap & SEO Insights) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 5.0.2 This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes. This requires the AIOSEO breadcrumb to be rendered on the search results page via the block, widget, shortcode, or template tag.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-03 15:27 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
7 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| smub | All in One SEO – AI SEO Plugin to Boost SEO Rankings & Traffic (Schema, Local SEO, Sitemap & SEO Insights) |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.0.2
(semver)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-100152",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-03T15:27:31.930798Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-03T15:42:44.600Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "All in One SEO \u2013 AI SEO Plugin to Boost SEO Rankings \u0026 Traffic (Schema, Local SEO, Sitemap \u0026 SEO Insights)",
"vendor": "smub",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.0.2",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Kuba"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The The All in One SEO \u2013 AI SEO Plugin to Boost SEO Rankings \u0026 Traffic (Schema, Local SEO, Sitemap \u0026 SEO Insights) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 5.0.2 This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes. This requires the AIOSEO breadcrumb to be rendered on the search results page via the block, widget, shortcode, or template tag."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 6.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-03T05:29:16.146Z",
"orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"shortName": "Wordfence"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/9fa47d2b-e9a9-4d1b-b933-fd4aa453ba1a?source=cve"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/all-in-one-seo-pack/tags/5.0.2/app/Common/Breadcrumbs/Frontend.php#L280"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/all-in-one-seo-pack/tags/5.0.2/app/Common/Breadcrumbs/Frontend.php#L104"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/all-in-one-seo-pack/tags/5.0.2/app/Common/Breadcrumbs/Breadcrumbs.php#L242"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/all-in-one-seo-pack/tags/5.0.2/app/Common/Breadcrumbs/Tags.php#L108"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3723760/all-in-one-seo-pack/trunk/app/Common/Breadcrumbs/Frontend.php?old=3709877\u0026old_path=all-in-one-seo-pack%2Ftrunk%2Fapp%2FCommon%2FBreadcrumbs%2FFrontend.php"
},
{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3723760/all-in-one-seo-pack/trunk/app/Common/Breadcrumbs/Frontend.php"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T12:19:21.000Z",
"value": "Vendor Notified"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-10-02T16:33:28.000Z",
"value": "Disclosed"
}
],
"title": "All in One SEO \u003c= 5.0.2 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via \u0027s\u0027 Search Query Parameter"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
"assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-100152",
"datePublished": "2026-10-03T05:29:16.146Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-25T12:04:15.445Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-03T15:42:44.600Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-97897 (GCVE-0-2026-97897)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 18:45 – Updated: 2026-09-29 17:54 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Krayin laravel-crm TinyMCE Media Upload Sanitizer.php cross site scripting
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in Krayin laravel-crm up to 2.2.5. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file Sanitizer.php of the component TinyMCE Media Upload. The manipulation results in cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. Upgrading to version 2.2.6 is capable of addressing this issue. The patch is identified as 734aa10ae6c2ffa4c96c8869a89aa66940e4d345. You should upgrade the affected component.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-29 17:52 UTC
Assigner
References
9 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/409909 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/409909/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-97897 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/915413 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/carlosalbertotuma/advisory/blo… | related |
| https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/pull/2639 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/commit/734a… | patch |
| https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/releases/ta… | patch |
| https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Krayin | laravel-crm |
Affected:
2.2.0
Affected: 2.2.1 Affected: 2.2.2 Affected: 2.2.3 Affected: 2.2.4 Affected: 2.2.5 Unaffected: 2.2.6 cpe:2.3:a:krayin:laravel-crm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-97897",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-09-29T17:52:12.671880Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-29T17:54:15.390Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/carlosalbertotuma/advisory/blob/main/advisory-03-stored-xss-tinymce-media-upload.md"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:krayin:laravel-crm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"modules": [
"TinyMCE Media Upload"
],
"product": "laravel-crm",
"vendor": "Krayin",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.2"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.3"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.4"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.5"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "2.2.6"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "bl4dsc4n (VulDB User)"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A security flaw has been discovered in Krayin laravel-crm up to 2.2.5. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file Sanitizer.php of the component TinyMCE Media Upload. The manipulation results in cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. Upgrading to version 2.2.6 is capable of addressing this issue. The patch is identified as 734aa10ae6c2ffa4c96c8869a89aa66940e4d345. You should upgrade the affected component."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"baseScore": 5.1,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X",
"version": "4.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 3.5,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:X/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
"baseScore": 3.5,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:X/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
"baseScore": 4,
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N/E:ND/RL:OF/RC:C",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "Cross Site Scripting",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "Code Injection",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T18:45:09.156Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "VDB-409909 | Krayin laravel-crm TinyMCE Media Upload Sanitizer.php cross site scripting",
"tags": [
"vdb-entry"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/409909"
},
{
"name": "VDB-409909 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/409909/cti"
},
{
"name": "CVE-2026-97897 | CVE Analysis and Report",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-97897"
},
{
"name": "Submit #915413 | Krayin Krayin CRM \u2264 2.2.5 Cross Site Scripting",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/915413"
},
{
"tags": [
"related"
],
"url": "https://github.com/carlosalbertotuma/advisory/blob/main/advisory-03-stored-xss-tinymce-media-upload.md"
},
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/pull/2639"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/commit/734aa10ae6c2ffa4c96c8869a89aa66940e4d345"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/releases/tag/v2.2.6"
},
{
"tags": [
"product"
],
"url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/"
}
],
"tags": [
"x_open-source"
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T12:10:48.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "Krayin laravel-crm TinyMCE Media Upload Sanitizer.php cross site scripting",
"x_generator": [
"VulDB PVTS v202609"
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-97897",
"datePublished": "2026-09-25T18:45:09.156Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:05:32.174Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-29T17:54:15.390Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-97896 (GCVE-0-2026-97896)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 18:30 – Updated: 2026-09-30 00:01 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
krayin laravel-crm Upload Functionality ConfigurationForm.php rules cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in krayin laravel-crm up to 2.2.5. This vulnerability affects the function ConfigurationForm::rules of the file packages/Webkul/Admin/src/Http/Requests/ConfigurationForm.php of the component Upload Functionality. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Upgrading to version 2.2.6 is able to resolve this issue. The identifier of the patch is b9836530ec9f5ef0f51653bb0cbbc47ef7184f51. It is advisable to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 00:01 UTC
Assigner
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/409908 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/409908/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-97896 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/915399 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/issues/2617 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/pull/2620 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/carlosalbertotuma/advisory/blo… | exploit |
| https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/commit/b983… | patch |
| https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/releases/ta… | patch |
| https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| krayin | laravel-crm |
Affected:
2.2.0
Affected: 2.2.1 Affected: 2.2.2 Affected: 2.2.3 Affected: 2.2.4 Affected: 2.2.5 Unaffected: 2.2.6 cpe:2.3:a:krayin:laravel-crm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-97896",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-09-30T00:01:46.346618Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-30T00:01:55.385Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:krayin:laravel-crm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"modules": [
"Upload Functionality"
],
"product": "laravel-crm",
"vendor": "krayin",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.2"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.3"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.4"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.2.5"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "2.2.6"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "bl4dsc4n (VulDB User)"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability was identified in krayin laravel-crm up to 2.2.5. This vulnerability affects the function ConfigurationForm::rules of the file packages/Webkul/Admin/src/Http/Requests/ConfigurationForm.php of the component Upload Functionality. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Upgrading to version 2.2.6 is able to resolve this issue. The identifier of the patch is b9836530ec9f5ef0f51653bb0cbbc47ef7184f51. It is advisable to upgrade the affected component."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"baseScore": 5.1,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"version": "4.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 3.5,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
"baseScore": 3.5,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
"version": "3.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
"baseScore": 4,
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N/E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "Cross Site Scripting",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "Code Injection",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T18:30:19.532Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "VDB-409908 | krayin laravel-crm Upload Functionality ConfigurationForm.php rules cross site scripting",
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"technical-description"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/409908"
},
{
"name": "VDB-409908 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/409908/cti"
},
{
"name": "CVE-2026-97896 | CVE Analysis and Report",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-97896"
},
{
"name": "Submit #915399 | Krayin Krayin CRM \u2264 2.2.5 Cross Site Scripting",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/915399"
},
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking"
],
"url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/issues/2617"
},
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/pull/2620"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/carlosalbertotuma/advisory/blob/main/advisory-02-config-upload-xss.md"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/commit/b9836530ec9f5ef0f51653bb0cbbc47ef7184f51"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/releases/tag/v2.2.6"
},
{
"tags": [
"product"
],
"url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/"
}
],
"tags": [
"x_open-source"
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T12:10:44.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "krayin laravel-crm Upload Functionality ConfigurationForm.php rules cross site scripting",
"x_generator": [
"VulDB PVTS v202609"
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-97896",
"datePublished": "2026-09-25T18:30:19.532Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:05:26.998Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-30T00:01:55.385Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-97871 (GCVE-0-2026-97871)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 16:00 – Updated: 2026-09-25 16:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Zhonglun CloudPos JSBridge JSBridge.cs OpenLocalBrowser code injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Zhonglun CloudPos up to 3.0.1.76. This issue affects the function OpenLocalBrowser of the file ZlPos/ZlPos/Bizlogic/JSBridge.cs of the component JSBridge. Such manipulation of the argument url leads to code injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-25 16:41 UTC
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/409887 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/409887/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-97871 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/911849 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/xy-f0/CVE/issues/5 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/user-attachments/files/3058049… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zhonglun | CloudPos |
Affected:
3.0.1.0
Affected: 3.0.1.1 Affected: 3.0.1.2 Affected: 3.0.1.3 Affected: 3.0.1.4 Affected: 3.0.1.5 Affected: 3.0.1.6 Affected: 3.0.1.7 Affected: 3.0.1.8 Affected: 3.0.1.9 Affected: 3.0.1.10 Affected: 3.0.1.11 Affected: 3.0.1.12 Affected: 3.0.1.13 Affected: 3.0.1.14 Affected: 3.0.1.15 Affected: 3.0.1.16 Affected: 3.0.1.17 Affected: 3.0.1.18 Affected: 3.0.1.19 Affected: 3.0.1.20 Affected: 3.0.1.21 Affected: 3.0.1.22 Affected: 3.0.1.23 Affected: 3.0.1.24 Affected: 3.0.1.25 Affected: 3.0.1.26 Affected: 3.0.1.27 Affected: 3.0.1.28 Affected: 3.0.1.29 Affected: 3.0.1.30 Affected: 3.0.1.31 Affected: 3.0.1.32 Affected: 3.0.1.33 Affected: 3.0.1.34 Affected: 3.0.1.35 Affected: 3.0.1.36 Affected: 3.0.1.37 Affected: 3.0.1.38 Affected: 3.0.1.39 Affected: 3.0.1.40 Affected: 3.0.1.41 Affected: 3.0.1.42 Affected: 3.0.1.43 Affected: 3.0.1.44 Affected: 3.0.1.45 Affected: 3.0.1.46 Affected: 3.0.1.47 Affected: 3.0.1.48 Affected: 3.0.1.49 Affected: 3.0.1.50 Affected: 3.0.1.51 Affected: 3.0.1.52 Affected: 3.0.1.53 Affected: 3.0.1.54 Affected: 3.0.1.55 Affected: 3.0.1.56 Affected: 3.0.1.57 Affected: 3.0.1.58 Affected: 3.0.1.59 Affected: 3.0.1.60 Affected: 3.0.1.61 Affected: 3.0.1.62 Affected: 3.0.1.63 Affected: 3.0.1.64 Affected: 3.0.1.65 Affected: 3.0.1.66 Affected: 3.0.1.67 Affected: 3.0.1.68 Affected: 3.0.1.69 Affected: 3.0.1.70 Affected: 3.0.1.71 Affected: 3.0.1.72 Affected: 3.0.1.73 Affected: 3.0.1.74 Affected: 3.0.1.75 Affected: 3.0.1.76 cpe:2.3:a:zhonglun:cloudpos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-97871",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-09-25T16:41:33.306613Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T16:41:56.883Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:zhonglun:cloudpos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"modules": [
"JSBridge"
],
"product": "CloudPos",
"vendor": "Zhonglun",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.2"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.3"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.4"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.5"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.6"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.7"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.8"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.9"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.10"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.11"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.12"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.13"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.14"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.15"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.16"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.17"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.18"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.19"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.20"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.21"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.22"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.23"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.24"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.25"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.26"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.27"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.28"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.29"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.30"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.31"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.32"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.33"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.34"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.35"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.36"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.37"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.38"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.39"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.40"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.41"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.42"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.43"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.44"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.45"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.46"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.47"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.48"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.49"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.50"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.51"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.52"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.53"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.54"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.55"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.56"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.57"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.58"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.59"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.60"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.61"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.62"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.63"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.64"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.65"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.66"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.67"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.68"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.69"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.70"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.71"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.72"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.73"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.74"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.75"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.1.76"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "xy-0 (VulDB User)"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "coordinator",
"value": "VulDB CNA Team"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability has been found in Zhonglun CloudPos up to 3.0.1.76. This issue affects the function OpenLocalBrowser of the file ZlPos/ZlPos/Bizlogic/JSBridge.cs of the component JSBridge. Such manipulation of the argument url leads to code injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"baseScore": 6.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"version": "4.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
"baseScore": 7.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:C",
"version": "3.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
"baseScore": 7.5,
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:C",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "Code Injection",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-74",
"description": "Injection",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T16:00:11.507Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "VDB-409887 | Zhonglun CloudPos JSBridge JSBridge.cs OpenLocalBrowser code injection",
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"technical-description"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/409887"
},
{
"name": "VDB-409887 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/409887/cti"
},
{
"name": "CVE-2026-97871 | CVE Analysis and Report",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-97871"
},
{
"name": "Submit #911849 | \u56db\u5ddd\u4e2d\u4ed1\u6570\u79d1\u79d1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u8d23\u4efb\u516c\u53f8 \u4e2d\u4ed1\u96f6\u552e3.0 \u4e2d\u4ed1\u96f6\u552e3.0 RCE\u6f0f\u6d1e",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/911849"
},
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking"
],
"url": "https://github.com/xy-f0/CVE/issues/5"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/user-attachments/files/30580490/CloudPos.CefSharp.RCE.docx"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T10:43:02.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "Zhonglun CloudPos JSBridge JSBridge.cs OpenLocalBrowser code injection",
"x_generator": [
"VulDB PVTS v202609"
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-97871",
"datePublished": "2026-09-25T16:00:11.507Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-25T08:37:57.368Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T16:41:56.883Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-97868 (GCVE-0-2026-97868)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 15:00 – Updated: 2026-09-25 17:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
sheshbabu zen Note Editor NotesEditor.jsx dangerouslySetInnerHTML cross site scripting
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in sheshbabu zen up to 1.5.0. Affected by this issue is the function dangerouslySetInnerHTML of the file features/notes/NotesEditor.jsx of the component Note Editor. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-25 17:10 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/409884 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/409884/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-97868 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/911735 | third-party-advisory |
| https://ctf-n0el4kls.notion.site/Store-XSS-in-she… | exploit |
Impacted products
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-97868",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-09-25T17:10:09.749958Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T17:10:18.018Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:sheshbabu:zen:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"modules": [
"Note Editor"
],
"product": "zen",
"vendor": "sheshbabu",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.2"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.3"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.4"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.5.0"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "n0el4kls (VulDB User)"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "coordinator",
"value": "VulDB CNA Team"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A security vulnerability has been detected in sheshbabu zen up to 1.5.0. Affected by this issue is the function dangerouslySetInnerHTML of the file features/notes/NotesEditor.jsx of the component Note Editor. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"baseScore": 5.1,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"version": "4.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 3.5,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:C",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
"baseScore": 3.5,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:C",
"version": "3.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
"baseScore": 4,
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:C",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "Cross Site Scripting",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "Code Injection",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T15:00:10.072Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "VDB-409884 | sheshbabu zen Note Editor NotesEditor.jsx dangerouslySetInnerHTML cross site scripting",
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"technical-description"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/409884"
},
{
"name": "VDB-409884 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/409884/cti"
},
{
"name": "CVE-2026-97868 | CVE Analysis and Report",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-97868"
},
{
"name": "Submit #911735 | sheshbabu zen latest Improper Neutralization of Alternate XSS Syntax",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/911735"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://ctf-n0el4kls.notion.site/Store-XSS-in-sheshbabu-zen-3ae41990f44780dbadb6e6af57e6f833"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-09-25T10:29:38.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "sheshbabu zen Note Editor NotesEditor.jsx dangerouslySetInnerHTML cross site scripting",
"x_generator": [
"VulDB PVTS v202609"
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-97868",
"datePublished": "2026-09-25T15:00:10.072Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-25T08:24:27.808Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T17:10:18.018Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-97679 (GCVE-0-2026-97679)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 23:59 – Updated: 2026-10-08 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
Summary
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('Code Injection') related to improper input validation.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7290694 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Langflow OSS |
Affected:
1.0.0 , ≤ 1.12.2
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.12.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-97679",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-07T00:00:00+00:00",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-08T03:56:00.675Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.12.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"product": "Langflow OSS",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.12.2",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command (\u0027Code Injection\u0027) related to improper input validation.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command (\u0027Code Injection\u0027) related to improper input validation."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-06T23:59:33.248Z",
"orgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"shortName": "ibm"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7290694"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by upgrading \u003ca href=\"https://pypi.org/project/langflow/#description\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eLangflow OSS to version 1.12.3.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by upgrading Langflow OSS to version 1.12.3. https://pypi.org/project/langflow/#description"
}
],
"title": "Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"assignerShortName": "ibm",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-97679",
"datePublished": "2026-10-06T23:59:33.248Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-24T20:50:04.126Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-08T03:56:00.675Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-97676 (GCVE-0-2026-97676)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 23:58 – Updated: 2026-10-08 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
Summary
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in code, resulting in a sandbox escape.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7290694 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Langflow OSS |
Affected:
1.0.0 , ≤ 1.12.2
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.12.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-97676",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-07T00:00:00+00:00",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-08T03:56:04.519Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.12.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"product": "Langflow OSS",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.12.2",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in code, resulting in a sandbox escape.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper neutralization of special elements used in code, resulting in a sandbox escape."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-06T23:58:57.606Z",
"orgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"shortName": "ibm"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7290694"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by upgrading \u003ca href=\"https://pypi.org/project/langflow/#description\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eLangflow OSS to version 1.12.3.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by upgrading Langflow OSS to version 1.12.3. https://pypi.org/project/langflow/#description"
}
],
"title": "Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"assignerShortName": "ibm",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-97676",
"datePublished": "2026-10-06T23:58:57.606Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-24T20:42:27.775Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-08T03:56:04.519Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-97674 (GCVE-0-2026-97674)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 23:59 – Updated: 2026-10-08 13:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities
Summary
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('Code Injection'), aka improper control of code generation.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 03:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7290694 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Langflow OSS |
Affected:
1.0.0 , ≤ 1.12.2
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.12.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-97674",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-08T03:56:00.387172Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-08T13:00:07.028Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"cpe:2.3:a:ibm:langflow_oss:1.12.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"product": "Langflow OSS",
"vendor": "IBM",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.12.2",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command (\u0027Code Injection\u0027), aka improper control of code generation.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands due to improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command (\u0027Code Injection\u0027), aka improper control of code generation."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 8.1,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-06T23:59:56.989Z",
"orgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"shortName": "ibm"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7290694"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by upgrading \u003ca href=\"https://pypi.org/project/langflow/#description\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eLangflow OSS to version 1.12.3.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now by upgrading Langflow OSS to version 1.12.3. https://pypi.org/project/langflow/#description"
}
],
"title": "Langflow OSS is affected by multiple vulnerabilities"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"assignerShortName": "ibm",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-97674",
"datePublished": "2026-10-06T23:59:56.989Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-24T20:36:43.258Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-08T13:00:07.028Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.