Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

9546 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-102264 (GCVE-0-2026-102264)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-29 04:30 – Updated: 2026-10-02 12:05
VLAI
Title
mwasikz robo-cafe-rms Edit Profile Feature update-account.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was found in mwasikz robo-cafe-rms up to 228c44a02823f04e85db32b7137809a2856148fc. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file frontend/update-account.php of the component Edit Profile Feature. Performing a manipulation of the argument Name/Address/City results in cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made public and could be used. This product follows a rolling release approach for continuous delivery, so version details for affected or updated releases are not provided. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-02 12:05 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3809 records in the last 180 days details
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/411166 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/411166/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-102264 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/939878 third-party-advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
mwasikz robo-cafe-rms Affected: 228c44a02823f04e85db32b7137809a2856148fc
    cpe:2.3:a:mwasikz:robo-cafe-rms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-102264",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-02T12:05:07.784989Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-02T12:05:17.928Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:mwasikz:robo-cafe-rms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "modules": [
            "Edit Profile Feature"
          ],
          "product": "robo-cafe-rms",
          "vendor": "mwasikz",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "228c44a02823f04e85db32b7137809a2856148fc"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "dexter-morgan (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability was found in mwasikz robo-cafe-rms up to 228c44a02823f04e85db32b7137809a2856148fc. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file frontend/update-account.php of the component Edit Profile Feature. Performing a manipulation of the argument Name/Address/City results in cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made public and could be used. This product follows a rolling release approach for continuous delivery, so version details for affected or updated releases are not provided. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.1,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 3.5,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 3.5,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 4,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-79",
              "description": "Cross Site Scripting",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "Code Injection",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-29T04:30:13.968Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-411166 | mwasikz robo-cafe-rms Edit Profile Feature update-account.php cross site scripting",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/411166"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-411166 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/411166/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "CVE-2026-102264 | CVE Analysis and Report",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-102264"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #939878 | GitHub robo-cafe-rms 1.0 Cross Site Scripting",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/939878"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-28T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-28T22:15:57.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "mwasikz robo-cafe-rms Edit Profile Feature update-account.php cross site scripting",
      "x_generator": [
        "VulDB PVTS v202609"
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-102264",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-29T04:30:13.968Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-28T20:10:48.151Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-02T12:05:17.928Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-102131 (GCVE-0-2026-102131)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 20:13 – Updated: 2026-10-01 13:37
VLAI
Title
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Summary
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway rejected certain configuration settings, but its validation did not recognize every form in which they could be supplied. An authenticated administrator could potentially use an unrecognized form to have a file of their choosing written to the gateway and executed, resulting in code execution as the gateway service account.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-01 13:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
cisa-cg CNA under the CISA root
CNA scorecard B 76/100 over 127 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Affected: 0 , < 9.5.0 (custom)
Unaffected: 9.5.0
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-30 00:00
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-102131",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-01T13:28:37.169970Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T13:37:05.899Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "product": "Email Protection Gateway",
          "vendor": "Kiteworks",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "9.5.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "9.5.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Icare, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/icare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Supr4s, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/Supr4s"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "wlayzz, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/wlayzz"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "truff, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/truff"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway rejected certain configuration settings, but its validation did not recognize every form in which they could be supplied. An authenticated administrator could potentially use an unrecognized form to have a file of their choosing written to the gateway and executed, resulting in code execution as the gateway service account."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-178",
              "description": "CWE-178 Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-30T20:13:43.236Z",
        "orgId": "9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725",
        "shortName": "cisa-cg"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "url",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/kiteworks/security-advisories/security/advisories/GHSA-62f6-c955-4fhq"
        },
        {
          "name": "url",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/VA/white/2026/va-26-274-01.json"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "VINCE-NT 1.15.0+build.145"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725",
    "assignerShortName": "cisa-cg",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-102131",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-30T20:13:43.236Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-28T17:39:13.563Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T13:37:05.899Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-102130 (GCVE-0-2026-102130)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 20:13 – Updated: 2026-10-01 13:37
VLAI
Title
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Remote Code Execution
Summary
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway did not sufficiently validate the content of an uploaded backup, and allowed an administrator to influence how the application loaded it. An authenticated administrator could potentially use this to execute arbitrary code on the gateway as the underlying service account.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-01 13:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
Assigner
cisa-cg CNA under the CISA root
CNA scorecard B 76/100 over 127 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Affected: 0 , < 9.5.1 (custom)
Unaffected: 9.5.1
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-30 00:00
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-102130",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-01T13:28:30.859854Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T13:37:05.756Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "product": "Email Protection Gateway",
          "vendor": "Kiteworks",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "9.5.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "9.5.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Icare, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/icare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Supr4s, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/Supr4s"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "wlayzz, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/wlayzz"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "truff, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/truff"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway did not sufficiently validate the content of an uploaded backup, and allowed an administrator to influence how the application loaded it. An authenticated administrator could potentially use this to execute arbitrary code on the gateway as the underlying service account."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-434",
              "description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-30T20:13:58.897Z",
        "orgId": "9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725",
        "shortName": "cisa-cg"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "url",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/kiteworks/security-advisories/security/advisories/GHSA-m92m-q8cf-rcch"
        },
        {
          "name": "url",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/VA/white/2026/va-26-274-01.json"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Remote Code Execution",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "VINCE-NT 1.15.0+build.145"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725",
    "assignerShortName": "cisa-cg",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-102130",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-30T20:13:58.897Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-28T17:39:13.563Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T13:37:05.756Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-102097 (GCVE-0-2026-102097)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 20:07 – Updated: 2026-10-01 13:37
VLAI
Title
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway remote code execution
Summary
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway before version 9.5.0 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution. Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway allowed an authenticated administrator to import configuration whose contents were not sufficiently validated before being processed. A crafted submission could potentially allow arbitrary commands to be executed on the affected gateway.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-01 13:25 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
cisa-cg CNA under the CISA root
CNA scorecard B 76/100 over 127 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Affected: 0 , < 9.5.0 (custom)
Unaffected: 9.5.0
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-30 00:00
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-102097",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-01T13:25:27.090508Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T13:37:08.530Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "product": "Email Protection Gateway",
          "vendor": "Kiteworks",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "9.5.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "9.5.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "wlayzz, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/wlayzz"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Icare, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/icare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "truff, https://yeswehack.com/hunters/truff"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway before version 9.5.0 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution. Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway allowed an authenticated administrator to import configuration whose contents were not sufficiently validated before being processed. A crafted submission could potentially allow arbitrary commands to be executed on the affected gateway."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-22",
              "description": "CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-30T20:07:48.088Z",
        "orgId": "9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725",
        "shortName": "cisa-cg"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "url",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/kiteworks/security-advisories/security/advisories/GHSA-465g-wpvm-8qmr"
        },
        {
          "name": "url",
          "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/VA/white/2026/va-26-274-01.json"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway remote code execution",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "VINCE-NT 1.15.0+build.145"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725",
    "assignerShortName": "cisa-cg",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-102097",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-30T20:07:48.088Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-28T17:39:13.561Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T13:37:08.530Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-101861 (GCVE-0-2026-101861)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-28 15:49 – Updated: 2026-10-01 15:19 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Langflow Code Execution via eval() in Component Input Schema
Summary
Langflow 1.0.16 before 1.12.0 and 0.0.94 before 1.12.0 contain an unsafe eval() vulnerability in schema.py that allows authenticated attackers to achieve code execution by placing a Python object with a malicious __repr__ method into component input options lists. The eval() sink is triggered when a component is converted into a LangChain tool via ComponentToolkit.get_tools(), including during custom component saves through the API, by interpolating options into a Literal type string that is passed directly to eval() without safe evaluation controls.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 19:02 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 6398 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
langflow-ai langflow Affected: 1.0.16 , < 1.12.0 (semver)
Affected: 0.0.94 , < 1.12.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:langflow:langflow:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:langflow:langflow:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-28 00:00
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-101861",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-30T19:02:25.893380Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-30T20:11:12.277Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/langflow-ai/langflow",
          "product": "langflow",
          "repo": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow",
          "vendor": "langflow-ai",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.12.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.0.16",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "1.12.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.0.94",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:langflow:langflow:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "1.12.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "1.0.16",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:langflow:langflow:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "1.12.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "0.0.94",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Weblover"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulnCheck"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Langflow 1.0.16 before 1.12.0 and 0.0.94 before 1.12.0 contain an unsafe eval() vulnerability in schema.py that allows authenticated attackers to achieve code execution by placing a Python object with a malicious __repr__ method into component input options lists. The eval() sink is triggered when a component is converted into a LangChain tool via ComponentToolkit.get_tools(), including during custom component saves through the API, by interpolating options into a Literal type string that is passed directly to eval() without safe evaluation controls."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 2.1,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 4.1,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-95",
              "description": "Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code (\u0027Eval Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            },
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T15:19:46.570Z",
        "orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
        "shortName": "VulnCheck"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-33p4-w7j3-33mw)",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/security/advisories/GHSA-33p4-w7j3-33mw"
        },
        {
          "name": "Release Notes",
          "tags": [
            "release-notes",
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/releases#release-v1.12.0"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "tags": [
        "x_open-source"
      ],
      "title": "Langflow Code Execution via eval() in Component Input Schema",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "vulncheck"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-101861",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-28T15:49:14.349Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-28T15:44:45.388Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-01T15:19:46.570Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-101335 (GCVE-0-2026-101335)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-16 04:26 – Updated: 2026-10-16 15:09
VLAI
Title
Forminator Forms <= 1.58.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via 'User-Agent' Header and 'referer_url' Parameter via Quiz Notification Merge Tags
Summary
The Forminator Forms – Contact Form, Payment Form & Custom Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Shortcode Execution in versions up to, and including, 1.58.1. This is due to the forminator_replace_quiz_form_data() helper invoking do_shortcode() on the fully expanded notification body once the {quiz_result} merge tag has been substituted, while the earlier-substituted {user_agent} and {refer_url} merge tags carry unauthenticated attacker-controlled bytes (the User-Agent header and the referer_url POST parameter) through sanitize_text_field()/esc_html(), neither of which strip the '[' and ']' shortcode delimiters. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary WordPress shortcodes registered on the site by submitting a quiz whose notification template contains {quiz_result}; the resulting impact depends on the shortcodes exposed by other installed plugins/themes and can range from arbitrary content injection to information disclosure.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 14:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2309 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-101335",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-16T14:51:26.987078Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T15:09:40.456Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Forminator Forms \u2013 Contact Form, Payment Form \u0026 Custom Form Builder",
          "vendor": "wpmudev",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "1.58.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Theklis"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Jakub Herman"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Forminator Forms \u2013 Contact Form, Payment Form \u0026 Custom Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Shortcode Execution in versions up to, and including, 1.58.1. This is due to the forminator_replace_quiz_form_data() helper invoking do_shortcode() on the fully expanded notification body once the {quiz_result} merge tag has been substituted, while the earlier-substituted {user_agent} and {refer_url} merge tags carry unauthenticated attacker-controlled bytes (the User-Agent header and the referer_url POST parameter) through sanitize_text_field()/esc_html(), neither of which strip the \u0027[\u0027 and \u0027]\u0027 shortcode delimiters. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary WordPress shortcodes registered on the site by submitting a quiz whose notification template contains {quiz_result}; the resulting impact depends on the shortcodes exposed by other installed plugins/themes and can range from arbitrary content injection to information disclosure."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T04:26:58.967Z",
        "orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
        "shortName": "Wordfence"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/27640d44-1474-416a-8efd-e9524f9d3c7f?source=cve"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/forminator/tags/1.57.3/library/helpers/helper-fields.php#L2965"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/forminator/tags/1.57.3/library/helpers/helper-fields.php#L1652"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/forminator/tags/1.57.3/library/helpers/helper-fields.php#L1476"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/forminator/tags/1.57.3/library/modules/quizzes/front/front-mail.php#L36"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/forminator/tags/1.57.3/library/abstracts/abstract-class-front-action.php#L127"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3745883%40forminator\u0026new=3745883%40forminator"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-28T14:39:11.000Z",
          "value": "Vendor Notified"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-10-15T16:02:22.000Z",
          "value": "Disclosed"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Forminator Forms \u003c= 1.58.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution via \u0027User-Agent\u0027 Header and \u0027referer_url\u0027 Parameter via Quiz Notification Merge Tags"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
    "assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-101335",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-16T04:26:58.967Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-28T14:24:04.839Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T15:09:40.456Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-101141 (GCVE-0-2026-101141)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-28 19:15 – Updated: 2026-09-29 19:20
VLAI
Title
Eleveo Call Recording Software Play Audio audio.jsp cross site scripting
Summary
A flaw has been found in Eleveo Call Recording Software 9.7.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /callrec/audio.jsp of the component Play Audio Page. Executing a manipulation of the argument viewRoleId/cfType can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-29 19:19 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3809 records in the last 180 days details
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410993 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410993/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-101141 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/894894 third-party-advisory
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gPjhTSB7uWmsnBlf… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Eleveo Call Recording Software Affected: 9.7.0
    cpe:2.3:a:eleveo:call_recording_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-101141",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-29T19:19:47.250444Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-29T19:20:21.908Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:eleveo:call_recording_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "modules": [
            "Play Audio Page"
          ],
          "product": "Call Recording Software",
          "vendor": "Eleveo",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.7.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "omarelshopky (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A flaw has been found in Eleveo Call Recording Software 9.7.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /callrec/audio.jsp of the component Play Audio Page. Executing a manipulation of the argument viewRoleId/cfType can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.1,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 3.5,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 3.5,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 4,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-79",
              "description": "Cross Site Scripting",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "Code Injection",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-28T19:15:39.204Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-410993 | Eleveo Call Recording Software Play Audio audio.jsp cross site scripting",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/410993"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-410993 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/410993/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "CVE-2026-101141 | CVE Analysis and Report",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-101141"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #894894 | Eleveo Call Recording 9.7.0 Reflected Cross Site Scripting",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/894894"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gPjhTSB7uWmsnBlfq5h9h6qzJj9j_Lxo/view?usp=sharing"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-28T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-28T10:16:40.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Eleveo Call Recording Software Play Audio audio.jsp cross site scripting",
      "x_generator": [
        "VulDB PVTS v202609"
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-101141",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-28T19:15:39.204Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-28T08:11:17.439Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-29T19:20:21.908Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-100904 (GCVE-0-2026-100904)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-28 03:30 – Updated: 2026-09-28 12:40
VLAI
Title
amirsanni mini-inventory-and-sales-management-system Items Management Items.php cross site scripting
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in amirsanni mini-inventory-and-sales-management-system up to 81bf0b55f5933f3b0dbb1583204a612e06605b95. Impacted is an unknown function of the file application/controllers/Items.php of the component Items Management Module. The manipulation of the argument itemName leads to cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. This product follows a rolling release approach for continuous delivery, so version details for affected or updated releases are not provided. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 12:38 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3809 records in the last 180 days details
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410856 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410856/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-100904 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/918487 third-party-advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
amirsanni mini-inventory-and-sales-management-system Affected: 81bf0b55f5933f3b0dbb1583204a612e06605b95
    cpe:2.3:a:amirsanni:mini-inventory-and-sales-management-system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-100904",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-28T12:38:17.871285Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-28T12:40:08.652Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:amirsanni:mini-inventory-and-sales-management-system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "modules": [
            "Items Management Module"
          ],
          "product": "mini-inventory-and-sales-management-system",
          "vendor": "amirsanni",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "81bf0b55f5933f3b0dbb1583204a612e06605b95"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "stephen30 (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A security vulnerability has been detected in amirsanni mini-inventory-and-sales-management-system up to 81bf0b55f5933f3b0dbb1583204a612e06605b95. Impacted is an unknown function of the file application/controllers/Items.php of the component Items Management Module. The manipulation of the argument itemName leads to cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. This product follows a rolling release approach for continuous delivery, so version details for affected or updated releases are not provided. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.1,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 3.5,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:X/RL:X/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 3.5,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:X/RL:X/RC:C",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 4,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N/E:ND/RL:ND/RC:C",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-79",
              "description": "Cross Site Scripting",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "Code Injection",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-28T03:30:10.816Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-410856 | amirsanni mini-inventory-and-sales-management-system Items Management Items.php cross site scripting",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/410856"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-410856 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/410856/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "CVE-2026-100904 | CVE Analysis and Report",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-100904"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #918487 | Amir Sanni Mini Inventory and Sales Management System 1.0 Cross Site Scripting (persistent)",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/918487"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-27T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-27T11:19:41.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "amirsanni mini-inventory-and-sales-management-system Items Management Items.php cross site scripting",
      "x_generator": [
        "VulDB PVTS v202609"
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-100904",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-28T03:30:10.816Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-27T09:10:47.289Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-28T12:40:08.652Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-100882 (GCVE-0-2026-100882)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-27 22:00 – Updated: 2026-09-30 22:14 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Krayin laravel-crm Admin Settings Endpoint index.blade.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in Krayin laravel-crm up to 2.2.5. Impacted is an unknown function of the file packages/Webkul/Admin/src/Resources/views/components/layouts/index.blade.php of the component Admin Settings Endpoint. Performing a manipulation of the argument general.settings.footer.label results in cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2.2.6 is recommended to address this issue. The patch is named 6dbcf75b30dbd169ee81b7e9e00368099124efeb. You should upgrade the affected component.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 22:14 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3809 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Krayin laravel-crm Affected: 2.2.0
Affected: 2.2.1
Affected: 2.2.2
Affected: 2.2.3
Affected: 2.2.4
Affected: 2.2.5
Unaffected: 2.2.6
    cpe:2.3:a:krayin:laravel-crm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-100882",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-30T22:14:40.963385Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-30T22:14:49.571Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:krayin:laravel-crm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "modules": [
            "Admin Settings Endpoint"
          ],
          "product": "laravel-crm",
          "vendor": "Krayin",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.2.0"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.2.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.2.2"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.2.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.2.4"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.2.5"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "2.2.6"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "bl4dsc4n (VulDB User)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability was detected in Krayin laravel-crm up to 2.2.5. Impacted is an unknown function of the file packages/Webkul/Admin/src/Resources/views/components/layouts/index.blade.php of the component Admin Settings Endpoint. Performing a manipulation of the argument general.settings.footer.label results in cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2.2.6 is recommended to address this issue. The patch is named 6dbcf75b30dbd169ee81b7e9e00368099124efeb. You should upgrade the affected component."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 4.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 2.4,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 2.4,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 3.3,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:M/C:N/I:P/A:N/E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-79",
              "description": "Cross Site Scripting",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "Code Injection",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-27T22:00:13.969Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-410812 | Krayin laravel-crm Admin Settings Endpoint index.blade.php cross site scripting",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/410812"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-410812 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/410812/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "CVE-2026-100882 | CVE Analysis and Report",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-100882"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #916088 | Krayin Krayin CRM \u2264 2.2.5 Cross Site Scripting",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/916088"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/issues/2622"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking",
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/pull/2625"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/carlosalbertotuma/advisory/blob/main/advisory-04-stored-xss-via-footer.md"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/commit/6dbcf75b30dbd169ee81b7e9e00368099124efeb"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/releases/tag/v2.2.6"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/krayin/laravel-crm/"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "x_open-source"
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-27T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-27T05:49:01.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Krayin laravel-crm Admin Settings Endpoint index.blade.php cross site scripting",
      "x_generator": [
        "VulDB PVTS v202609"
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-100882",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-27T22:00:13.969Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-27T03:43:54.754Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-30T22:14:49.571Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-100881 (GCVE-0-2026-100881)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-27 21:15 – Updated: 2026-09-28 12:59
VLAI
Title
zhistaredu StarTraining application.yml cross site scripting
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in zhistaredu StarTraining up to 3.8.1. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file application.yml. Such manipulation of the argument xss.enabled leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is assessed as difficult. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. Not independently exploitable: a defense-in-depth absence that amplifies CVE-2026-100880. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 12:58 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3809 records in the last 180 days details
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410811 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/410811/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-100881 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/915513 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/ArrestX/startraining-advisorie… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
zhistaredu StarTraining Affected: 3.8.0
Affected: 3.8.1
    cpe:2.3:a:zhistaredu:startraining:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-100881",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-28T12:58:59.384423Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-28T12:59:08.742Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:zhistaredu:startraining:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "product": "StarTraining",
          "vendor": "zhistaredu",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.8.0"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.8.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "thmanhz (VulDB User)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "coordinator",
          "value": "VulDB CNA Team"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A security vulnerability has been detected in zhistaredu StarTraining up to 3.8.1. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file application.yml. Such manipulation of the argument xss.enabled leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is assessed as difficult. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. Not independently exploitable: a defense-in-depth absence that amplifies CVE-2026-100880. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 2.1,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 2.6,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 2.6,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:C",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 2.1,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:H/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:C",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-79",
              "description": "Cross Site Scripting",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "Code Injection",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-27T21:15:12.454Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-410811 | zhistaredu StarTraining application.yml cross site scripting",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/410811"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-410811 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/410811/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "CVE-2026-100881 | CVE Analysis and Report",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-100881"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #915513 | zhistaredu StarTraining 3.8.1 Cross Site Scripting",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/915513"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ArrestX/startraining-advisories/blob/main/advisories/ST-VULN-007-xss-filter-disabled.md"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-27T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-27T05:43:42.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "zhistaredu StarTraining application.yml cross site scripting",
      "x_generator": [
        "VulDB PVTS v202609"
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-100881",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-27T21:15:12.454Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-27T03:37:59.185Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-28T12:59:08.742Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.