Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14622 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-V9Q9-FR8R-VJ8C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-09 12:30 – Updated: 2024-06-09 12:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in UkrSolution Barcode Scanner with Inventory & Order Manager.This issue affects Barcode Scanner with Inventory & Order Manager: from n/a through 1.5.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-33565"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-09T12:15:13Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in UkrSolution Barcode Scanner with Inventory \u0026 Order Manager.This issue affects Barcode Scanner with Inventory \u0026 Order Manager: from n/a through 1.5.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9q9-fr8r-vj8c",
  "modified": "2024-06-09T12:30:53Z",
  "published": "2024-06-09T12:30:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33565"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/barcode-scanner-lite-pos-to-manage-products-inventory-and-orders/wordpress-barcode-scanner-with-inventory-order-manager-plugin-1-5-3-unauthenticated-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V9QP-6JJW-6RFV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 12:30 – Updated: 2026-07-02 12:30
VLAI
Details

The Kirki – Freeform Page Builder, Website Builder & Customizer plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 6.0.11 via the get_single_symbol. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to extract the full builder metadata and rendered HTML of any kirki_symbol post — including unpublished drafts — by supplying a sequential WordPress post ID.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-12122"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-02T10:16:27Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Kirki \u2013 Freeform Page Builder, Website Builder \u0026 Customizer plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 6.0.11 via the get_single_symbol. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to extract the full builder metadata and rendered HTML of any kirki_symbol post \u2014 including unpublished drafts \u2014 by supplying a sequential WordPress post ID.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9qp-6jjw-6rfv",
  "modified": "2026-07-02T12:30:58Z",
  "published": "2026-07-02T12:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12122"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kirki/tags/6.0.5/includes/Ajax.php#L73"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kirki/tags/6.0.5/includes/Ajax/Symbol.php#L145"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kirki/tags/6.0.5/includes/Ajax/Symbol.php#L245"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kirki/tags/6.0.9/includes/Ajax.php#L73"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kirki/tags/6.0.9/includes/Ajax/Symbol.php#L145"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kirki/tags/6.0.9/includes/Ajax/Symbol.php#L245"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3584702%40kirki\u0026new=3584702%40kirki\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/8b5db7fa-2e72-4719-b85e-cc31778c2274?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V9RJ-7F7R-32JJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-09 09:30 – Updated: 2026-07-09 09:30
VLAI
Details

The Age Verification & Identity Verification by Token of Trust plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access in all versions up to and including 4.0.2. This is due to the handle_export_table() function being registered on the WordPress 'init' hook, which fires for all requests, including those from unauthenticated visitors, without any capability check. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to download a CSV file containing sensitive WooCommerce donation data, including order dates, order IDs, charitable donation amounts, and admin-only order edit URLs, simply by visiting any page on the site with the 'tot_export_table' GET parameter set to a numeric value (0–3).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-7558"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-09T08:16:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Age Verification \u0026 Identity Verification by Token of Trust plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access in all versions up to and including 4.0.2. This is due to the handle_export_table() function being registered on the WordPress \u0027init\u0027 hook, which fires for all requests, including those from unauthenticated visitors, without any capability check. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to download a CSV file containing sensitive WooCommerce donation data, including order dates, order IDs, charitable donation amounts, and admin-only order edit URLs, simply by visiting any page on the site with the \u0027tot_export_table\u0027 GET parameter set to a numeric value (0\u20133).",
  "id": "GHSA-v9rj-7f7r-32jj",
  "modified": "2026-07-09T09:30:29Z",
  "published": "2026-07-09T09:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7558"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/token-of-trust/tags/3.31.5/integrations/woocommerce/class-donations.php#L100"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/token-of-trust/tags/3.31.5/integrations/woocommerce/class-donations.php#L99"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/token-of-trust/tags/3.34.2/integrations/woocommerce/class-donations.php#L100"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/token-of-trust/tags/3.34.2/integrations/woocommerce/class-donations.php#L99"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/token-of-trust/trunk/integrations/woocommerce/class-donations.php#L100"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/token-of-trust/trunk/integrations/woocommerce/class-donations.php#L99"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3539532%40token-of-trust\u0026new=3539532%40token-of-trust"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/c3e98eb0-3c56-46fd-839e-ff530d431e8d?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V9V6-VGGF-MFMF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Team Plugins360 Automatic YouTube Gallery allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Automatic YouTube Gallery: from n/a through 2.3.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-41866"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-13T15:15:25Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Team Plugins360 Automatic YouTube Gallery allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Automatic YouTube Gallery: from n/a through 2.3.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9v6-vggf-mfmf",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:26Z",
  "published": "2024-12-13T15:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41866"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/automatic-youtube-gallery/vulnerability/wordpress-automatic-youtube-gallery-plugin-2-3-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V9VC-7X69-C2X8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-03 06:30 – Updated: 2023-08-03 16:42
VLAI
Summary
Answer Missing Authorization vulnerability
Details

Missing Authorization in GitHub repository answerdev/answer prior to v1.1.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/answerdev/answer"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-4124"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-03T16:42:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-03T04:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization in GitHub repository answerdev/answer prior to v1.1.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9vc-7x69-c2x8",
  "modified": "2023-08-03T16:42:28Z",
  "published": "2023-08-03T06:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4124"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/answerdev/answer/commit/964195fd859ee5d7171fac847374dfa31893e793"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/answerdev/answer"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/2c684f99-d181-4106-8ee2-64a76ae6a348"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Answer Missing Authorization vulnerability"
}

GHSA-V9XC-5WQQ-J4P4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-07 06:31 – Updated: 2026-05-07 06:31
VLAI
Details

The Forminator Forms plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to and including 1.53.0. This is due to the listen_for_saving_export_schedule() function in library/class-export.php failing to perform a capability check before saving the scheduled export configuration, unlike the parallel listen_for_csv_export() function which correctly verifies user permissions. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber-level access to configure a scheduled export job that emails all form submissions to an attacker-controlled email address, resulting in sensitive data exfiltration.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-6214"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-07T04:16:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Forminator Forms plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to and including 1.53.0. This is due to the listen_for_saving_export_schedule() function in library/class-export.php failing to perform a capability check before saving the scheduled export configuration, unlike the parallel listen_for_csv_export() function which correctly verifies user permissions. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber-level access to configure a scheduled export job that emails all form submissions to an attacker-controlled email address, resulting in sensitive data exfiltration.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9xc-5wqq-j4p4",
  "modified": "2026-05-07T06:31:42Z",
  "published": "2026-05-07T06:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6214"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/forminator/tags/1.51.1/admin/classes/class-admin-l10n.php#L448"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/forminator/tags/1.51.1/library/class-export.php#L178"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/forminator/trunk/admin/classes/class-admin-l10n.php#L448"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/forminator/trunk/library/class-export.php#L178"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026new=3512045%40forminator%2Ftrunk\u0026old=3510688%40forminator%2Ftrunk\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d7b8d42c-bceb-456e-a682-358e8df831e3?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V9XW-QH54-24J3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-22 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in codepeople Appointment Booking Calendar allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs. This issue affects Appointment Booking Calendar: from n/a through 1.3.92.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-46247"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-22T10:15:19Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in codepeople Appointment Booking Calendar allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs. This issue affects Appointment Booking Calendar: from n/a through 1.3.92.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9xw-qh54-24j3",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:55Z",
  "published": "2025-04-22T12:31:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46247"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/appointment-booking-calendar/vulnerability/wordpress-appointment-booking-calendar-1-3-92-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VC24-26P9-H58G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-28 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:36
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in favethemes Houzez CRM allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Houzez CRM: from n/a through 1.4.7.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49402"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862",
      "CWE-89"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-28T13:15:59Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in favethemes Houzez CRM allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Houzez CRM: from n/a through 1.4.7.",
  "id": "GHSA-vc24-26p9-h58g",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:36:00Z",
  "published": "2025-08-28T15:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49402"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/exertio-framework/vulnerability/wordpress-exertio-framework-plugin-1-3-3-sql-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/houzez-crm/vulnerability/wordpress-houzez-crm-plugin-1-4-7-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VC4R-J8J6-3FP6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-13 00:00 – Updated: 2023-12-14 18:28
VLAI
Summary
Missing permission check in Jenkins Publish Over SSH Plugin
Details

A missing permission check in Jenkins Publish Over SSH Plugin 1.22 and earlier allows attackers with Overall/Read access to connect to an attacker-specified SSH server using attacker-specified credentials.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.22"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:publish-over-ssh"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.24"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23112"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-12-14T18:28:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-12T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A missing permission check in Jenkins Publish Over SSH Plugin 1.22 and earlier allows attackers with Overall/Read access to connect to an attacker-specified SSH server using attacker-specified credentials.",
  "id": "GHSA-vc4r-j8j6-3fp6",
  "modified": "2023-12-14T18:28:28Z",
  "published": "2022-01-13T00:00:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23112"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/publish-over-ssh-plugin/commit/21bf41adbce9e71d3f77e113e29bf81d437cadc3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/publish-over-ssh-plugin/commit/c2e5ad99da6de4b9152ae0691f112145358a5666"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/publish-over-ssh-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-01-12/#SECURITY-2290"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/01/12/6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Missing permission check in Jenkins Publish Over SSH Plugin"
}

GHSA-VC4W-2H5W-X28J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-16 15:34 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in ActiveDEMAND Online Agency Marketing Automation ActiveDEMAND allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs. This issue affects ActiveDEMAND: from n/a through 0.2.46.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-39513"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-16T13:15:44Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in ActiveDEMAND Online Agency Marketing Automation ActiveDEMAND allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs. This issue affects ActiveDEMAND: from n/a through 0.2.46.",
  "id": "GHSA-vc4w-2h5w-x28j",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:43Z",
  "published": "2025-04-16T15:34:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39513"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/activedemand/vulnerability/wordpress-activedemand-0-2-46-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.