Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14964 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-GVPQ-4FVC-8Q2Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Easyship Easyship WooCommerce Shipping Rates allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Easyship WooCommerce Shipping Rates: from n/a through 0.9.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-37989"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-13T15:15:18Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Easyship Easyship WooCommerce Shipping Rates allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Easyship WooCommerce Shipping Rates: from n/a through 0.9.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvpq-4fvc-8q2q",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:24Z",
  "published": "2024-12-13T15:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37989"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/easyship-woocommerce-shipping-rates/vulnerability/wordpress-easyship-woocommerce-shipping-rates-plugin-0-8-9-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GVQH-M2GV-282F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-19 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-19 21:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in creativeinteractivemedia Real 3D FlipBook real3d-flipbook-lite allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Real 3D FlipBook: from n/a through <= 4.16.4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-25423"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-19T09:16:24Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in creativeinteractivemedia Real 3D FlipBook real3d-flipbook-lite allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Real 3D FlipBook: from n/a through \u003c= 4.16.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvqh-m2gv-282f",
  "modified": "2026-02-19T21:30:46Z",
  "published": "2026-02-19T18:31:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25423"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/real3d-flipbook-lite/vulnerability/wordpress-real-3d-flipbook-plugin-4-16-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GVRM-GVC6-P3G4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-23 06:30 – Updated: 2025-08-23 06:30
VLAI
Details

The WP Filter & Combine RSS Feeds plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the post_listing_page() function in all versions up to, and including, 0.4. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to delete feeds.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-7828"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-23T05:15:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The WP Filter \u0026 Combine RSS Feeds plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the post_listing_page() function in all versions up to, and including, 0.4. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to delete feeds.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvrm-gvc6-p3g4",
  "modified": "2025-08-23T06:30:20Z",
  "published": "2025-08-23T06:30:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7828"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-filter-combine-rss-feeds"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/b09f97df-ee69-43aa-97b5-efc8ba16ef87?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GVV9-4PJW-FV88

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-29 12:31 – Updated: 2026-07-29 12:31
VLAI
Details

The Meta Box AIO plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization via the template_redirect dispatcher in the MB Frontend Submission extension in versions up to, and including, 3.8.0. This is due to the handle_request() function routing the mbfs_delete action without any capability or ownership check, and the nonce verification in check_ajax() being gated behind is_ajax() which is false for template_redirect requests, making it bypassable. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary posts and pages by supplying an attacker-controlled post ID via the rwmb_frontend_field_object_id GET parameter on any page that hosts a frontend submission form regardless of whether allow_delete is enabled.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-14488"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-29T11:16:48Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The Meta Box AIO plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization via the template_redirect dispatcher in the MB Frontend Submission extension in versions up to, and including, 3.8.0. This is due to the handle_request() function routing the mbfs_delete action without any capability or ownership check, and the nonce verification in check_ajax() being gated behind is_ajax() which is false for template_redirect requests, making it bypassable. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary posts and pages by supplying an attacker-controlled post ID via the rwmb_frontend_field_object_id GET parameter on any page that hosts a frontend submission form regardless of whether allow_delete is enabled.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvv9-4pjw-fv88",
  "modified": "2026-07-29T12:31:23Z",
  "published": "2026-07-29T12:31:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://metabox.io/plugins/meta-box-aio/changelog"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e9506f84-3d33-48e0-8dce-d517e1a923e4?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GVVW-5FWR-FMR3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-29 09:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Strategy11 Team Business Directory business-directory-plugin allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Business Directory: from n/a through <= 6.4.18.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-64219"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-29T09:15:42Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Strategy11 Team Business Directory business-directory-plugin allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Business Directory: from n/a through \u003c= 6.4.18.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvvw-5fwr-fmr3",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:31:41Z",
  "published": "2025-10-29T09:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64219"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/business-directory-plugin/vulnerability/wordpress-business-directory-plugin-6-4-18-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/business-directory-plugin/vulnerability/wordpress-business-directory-plugin-6-4-18-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/business-directory-plugin/vulnerability/wordpress-business-directory-plugin-6-4-18-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GVWF-XX95-Q66F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32
VLAI
Details

Missing authorization in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-55052"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:18:17Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing authorization in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvwf-xx95-q66f",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:34Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T18:32:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55052"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-55052"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GVWP-RVC7-XJM8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-28 09:30 – Updated: 2026-01-28 09:30
VLAI
Details

The Simple calendar for Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.6. This is due to missing capability checks on the miga_ajax_editor_cal_delete function that is hooked to the miga_editor_cal_delete AJAX action with both authenticated and unauthenticated access enabled. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary calendar entries by sending a request with a valid nonce and the calendar entry ID.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-1310"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-28T07:16:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Simple calendar for Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.6. This is due to missing capability checks on the `miga_ajax_editor_cal_delete` function that is hooked to the `miga_editor_cal_delete` AJAX action with both authenticated and unauthenticated access enabled. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary calendar entries by sending a request with a valid nonce and the calendar entry ID.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvwp-rvc7-xjm8",
  "modified": "2026-01-28T09:30:30Z",
  "published": "2026-01-28T09:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1310"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/simple-calendar-for-elementor/tags/1.6.6/widget/includes/backend_functions.php#L3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/simple-calendar-for-elementor/trunk/widget/includes/backend_functions.php#L3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3444617%40simple-calendar-for-elementor\u0026new=3444617%40simple-calendar-for-elementor\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e537c56d-7c5e-4f21-b266-ef3d1a87caf2?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GW2C-6HCG-5G52

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-16 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-18 20:34
VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: Focus command could miss controlScope enforcement
Details

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-mpc8-jxjh-qpgh. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

OpenClaw before 2026.4.25 contains a control scope enforcement bypass vulnerability in the focus command that allows authenticated callers to execute the command without proper authorization checks. Attackers can trigger the focus command to change focus state outside intended caller authority, potentially enabling unauthorized operations depending on gateway configuration and input trust levels.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "2026.4.24"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-18T20:34:29Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-16T19:17:02Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Duplicate Advisory\n\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of\u00a0GHSA-mpc8-jxjh-qpgh. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.4.25 contains a control scope enforcement bypass vulnerability in the focus command that allows authenticated callers to execute the command without proper authorization checks. Attackers can trigger the focus command to change focus state outside intended caller authority, potentially enabling unauthorized operations depending on gateway configuration and input trust levels.",
  "id": "GHSA-gw2c-6hcg-5g52",
  "modified": "2026-06-18T20:34:29Z",
  "published": "2026-06-16T21:31:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mpc8-jxjh-qpgh"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-control-scope-enforcement-bypass-in-focus-command"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Focus command could miss controlScope enforcement",
  "withdrawn": "2026-06-18T20:34:29Z"
}

GHSA-GW2G-HHC9-WGJH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-16 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-21 23:53
VLAI
Summary
Missing Authorization in HashiCorp Consul
Details

HashiCorp Consul and Consul Enterprise 1.13.0 up to 1.13.3 do not filter cluster filtering's imported nodes and services for HTTP or RPC endpoints used by the UI. Fixed in 1.14.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/hashicorp/consul"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.13.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.14.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-3920"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-21T23:53:03Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-11-16T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "HashiCorp Consul and Consul Enterprise 1.13.0 up to 1.13.3 do not filter cluster filtering\u0027s imported nodes and services for HTTP or RPC endpoints used by the UI. Fixed in 1.14.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-gw2g-hhc9-wgjh",
  "modified": "2022-11-21T23:53:03Z",
  "published": "2022-11-16T12:00:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3920"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/consul/commit/706866fa0016b0aa302679f9c648859050d19b2e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2022-28-consul-cluster-peering-leaks-imported-nodes-services-information/46946"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Missing Authorization in HashiCorp Consul"
}

GHSA-GW2M-9W3J-J7M2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-15 00:31 – Updated: 2026-04-15 00:31
VLAI
Details

The Nexi XPay plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to missing authorization checks on the redirect function in all versions up to, and including, 8.3.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to mark pending WooCommerce orders as paid/completed.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-15565"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T22:16:27Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Nexi XPay plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to missing authorization checks on the redirect function in all versions up to, and including, 8.3.0. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to mark pending WooCommerce orders as paid/completed.",
  "id": "GHSA-gw2m-9w3j-j7m2",
  "modified": "2026-04-15T00:31:33Z",
  "published": "2026-04-15T00:31:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15565"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/cartasi-x-pay/tags/8.2.0/src/classes/Nexi/WC_Gateway_XPay_Process_Completion.php#L268"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/f420151b-c783-49b1-b0e9-e936a904278a?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.