CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2178 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-M3HQ-QCC9-75F6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:45 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:45Versions of the Official Alpine Linux Docker images (since v3.3) contain a NULL password for the root user. This vulnerability appears to be the result of a regression introduced in December of 2015. Due to the nature of this issue, systems deployed using affected versions of the Alpine Linux container which utilize Linux PAM, or some other mechanism which uses the system shadow file as an authentication database, may accept a NULL password for the root user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-5021"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-08T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Versions of the Official Alpine Linux Docker images (since v3.3) contain a NULL password for the `root` user. This vulnerability appears to be the result of a regression introduced in December of 2015. Due to the nature of this issue, systems deployed using affected versions of the Alpine Linux container which utilize Linux PAM, or some other mechanism which uses the system shadow file as an authentication database, may accept a NULL password for the `root` user.",
"id": "GHSA-m3hq-qcc9-75f6",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:45:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:45:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5021"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://alpinelinux.org/posts/Docker-image-vulnerability-CVE-2019-5021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190510-0001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K25551452"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2019-0782"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108288"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M3JM-XVP6-99VJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-22 18:30 – Updated: 2025-09-23 21:30Insufficient hardening of the proxyuser account in the AiKaan IoT management platform, combined with the use of a shared, hardcoded SSH private key, allows remote attackers to authenticate to the cloud controller, gain interactive shell access, and pivot into other connected IoT devices. This can lead to remote code execution, information disclosure, and privilege escalation across customer environments.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-57602"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-22T16:15:45Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Insufficient hardening of the proxyuser account in the AiKaan IoT management platform, combined with the use of a shared, hardcoded SSH private key, allows remote attackers to authenticate to the cloud controller, gain interactive shell access, and pivot into other connected IoT devices. This can lead to remote code execution, information disclosure, and privilege escalation across customer environments.",
"id": "GHSA-m3jm-xvp6-99vj",
"modified": "2025-09-23T21:30:54Z",
"published": "2025-09-22T18:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Shubhangborkar/aikaan-vulnerabilities/blob/main/cve2-proxyuser-shell.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M3P3-RF2C-FXW8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-17 12:30 – Updated: 2024-10-17 12:30A vulnerability in the .sdd file allows an attacker to read default passwords stored in plain text within the code. By exploiting these plaintext credentials, an attacker can log into affected SICK products as an “Authorized Client” if the customer has not changed the default password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-10025"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-17T10:15:03Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the .sdd file allows an attacker to read default passwords stored in plain text within the code. By exploiting these plaintext credentials, an attacker can log into affected SICK products as an \u201cAuthorized Client\u201d if the customer has not changed the default password.",
"id": "GHSA-m3p3-rf2c-fxw8",
"modified": "2024-10-17T12:30:51Z",
"published": "2024-10-17T12:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.sick.com/media/docs/1/11/411/Special_information_CYBERSECURITY_BY_SICK_en_IM0084411.PDF"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sick.com/psirt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/ics-recommended-practices"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2024/sca-2024-0003.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2024/sca-2024-0003.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M435-VJXM-8MMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41An issue was discovered on FiberHome HG6245D devices through RP2613. The password for the enable command is gpon.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27166"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-10T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered on FiberHome HG6245D devices through RP2613. The password for the enable command is gpon.",
"id": "GHSA-m435-vjxm-8mmm",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2021-01-12-fiberhome-ont-0day-vulnerabilities.html#telnet-linux-hardcoded-credentials"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M444-29MG-HM99
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:02 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:02Multiple I-O DATA network camera products (TS-WRLP firmware Ver.1.09.04 and earlier, TS-WRLA firmware Ver.1.09.04 and earlier, TS-WRLP/E firmware Ver.1.09.04 and earlier) use hardcoded credentials which may allow an remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands on the device via unspecified vector.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-0663"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-07T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple I-O DATA network camera products (TS-WRLP firmware Ver.1.09.04 and earlier, TS-WRLA firmware Ver.1.09.04 and earlier, TS-WRLP/E firmware Ver.1.09.04 and earlier) use hardcoded credentials which may allow an remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands on the device via unspecified vector.",
"id": "GHSA-m444-29mg-hm99",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:02:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:02:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0663"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN83701666/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.iodata.jp/support/information/2018/ts-wrlp"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M45X-Q48M-942F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-10 21:31 – Updated: 2025-02-10 21:31A default credentials vulnerability in Tenda W18E V16.01.0.8(1625) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to access the web management portal using the default rzadmin account with administrative privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-46433"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-10T19:15:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A default credentials vulnerability in Tenda W18E V16.01.0.8(1625) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to access the web management portal using the default rzadmin account with administrative privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-m45x-q48m-942f",
"modified": "2025-02-10T21:31:38Z",
"published": "2025-02-10T21:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-46433"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://reddassolutions.com/blog/tenda_w18e_security_research"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M469-JMC4-66PP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:05 – Updated: 2023-02-03 18:30Multiple vulnerabilities in the authentication mechanisms of Cisco Data Center Network Manager (DCNM) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary actions with administrative privileges on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-15975"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-01-06T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the authentication mechanisms of Cisco Data Center Network Manager (DCNM) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary actions with administrative privileges on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.",
"id": "GHSA-m469-jmc4-66pp",
"modified": "2023-02-03T18:30:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:05:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-15975"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20200102-dcnm-auth-bypass"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/156238/Cisco-Data-Center-Network-Manager-11.2-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M49P-VXGG-3VX7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-28 09:30 – Updated: 2024-09-28 09:30Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 BLE Hardcoded Credentials Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 charging stations. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the BLE AppAuthenRequest command handler. The handler uses hardcoded credentials as a fallback in case of an authentication request failure. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system.
Was ZDI-CAN-23196
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-23958"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-28T07:15:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 BLE Hardcoded Credentials Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Business C50 charging stations. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the BLE AppAuthenRequest command handler. The handler uses hardcoded credentials as a fallback in case of an authentication request failure. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system.\n\nWas ZDI-CAN-23196",
"id": "GHSA-m49p-vxgg-3vx7",
"modified": "2024-09-28T09:30:44Z",
"published": "2024-09-28T09:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23958"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-852"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M4W4-J8C2-PV2W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-18 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:43An issue in PeppermintLabs Peppermint v.0.2.4 and before allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information and execute arbitrary code via the hardcoded session cookie.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42328"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-18T16:15:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue in PeppermintLabs Peppermint v.0.2.4 and before allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information and execute arbitrary code via the hardcoded session cookie.",
"id": "GHSA-m4w4-j8c2-pv2w",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:43:23Z",
"published": "2023-09-18T18:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42328"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blockomat2100.github.io/posts/2023-09-04-damn-vulnerable-ticket-system"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Peppermint-Lab/peppermint/blob/446a20b870bc68157eaafcb7275c289d76bfb29e/apps/client/pages/api/auth/%5B...nextauth%5D.js#L65"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://peppermint.sh"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M528-9CC3-8R9H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:46On Xiaomi router AX1800 rom version < 1.0.336 and RM1800 root version < 1.0.26, the encryption scheme for a user's backup files uses hard-coded keys, which can expose sensitive information such as a user's password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-14099"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-08T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "On Xiaomi router AX1800 rom version \u003c 1.0.336 and RM1800 root version \u003c 1.0.26, the encryption scheme for a user\u0027s backup files uses hard-coded keys, which can expose sensitive information such as a user\u0027s password.",
"id": "GHSA-m528-9cc3-8r9h",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:46:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:46:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14099"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://privacy.mi.com/trust#/security/vulnerability-management/vulnerability-announcement/detail?id=25\u0026locale=zh"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.