Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
16845 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FQ6F-9MHJ-9MHQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:24 – Updated: 2025-04-12 12:58
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.343 and 19.x through 21.x before 21.0.0.213 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.616 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted JPEG-XR data.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-1018"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-04-09T01:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.343 and 19.x through 21.x before 21.0.0.213 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.616 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted JPEG-XR data.",
"id": "GHSA-fq6f-9mhj-9mhq",
"modified": "2025-04-12T12:58:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:24:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1018"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2016/ms16-050"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb16-10.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-05/msg00044.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-05/msg00045.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-0610.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035509"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-16-228"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ6F-XCX8-V4XM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:01
VLAI
Details
Jerryscript 3.0 (commit 05dbbd1) was discovered to contain a heap-buffer-overflow via the component ecma_builtin_typedarray_prototype_sort.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-31908"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-10T15:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Jerryscript 3.0 (commit 05dbbd1) was discovered to contain a heap-buffer-overflow via the component ecma_builtin_typedarray_prototype_sort.",
"id": "GHSA-fq6f-xcx8-v4xm",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:01:04Z",
"published": "2023-05-10T15:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31908"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jerryscript-project/jerryscript/issues/5067"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ6V-7FWH-V7J7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-11 21:32 – Updated: 2025-02-11 21:32
VLAI
Details
PDF-XChange Editor RTF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of RTF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25421.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0903"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-11T20:15:34Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PDF-XChange Editor RTF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of RTF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25421.",
"id": "GHSA-fq6v-7fwh-v7j7",
"modified": "2025-02-11T21:32:07Z",
"published": "2025-02-11T21:32:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0903"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-070"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ6X-64VF-73Q4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-22 00:33 – Updated: 2025-01-22 18:31
VLAI
Details
In gatts_process_find_info of gatt_sr.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote (proximal/adjacent) code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-43770"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-21T23:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In gatts_process_find_info of gatt_sr.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote (proximal/adjacent) code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-fq6x-64vf-73q4",
"modified": "2025-01-22T18:31:55Z",
"published": "2025-01-22T00:33:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-01-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ96-GW4P-QFVC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:12
VLAI
Details
Use after free in audio in Google Chrome prior to 80.0.3987.149 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-6427"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-23T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in audio in Google Chrome prior to 80.0.3987.149 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-fq96-gw4p-qfvc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:12:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:12:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-6427"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2020/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_18.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1055788"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2DDNOAGIX5D77TTHT6YPMVJ5WTXTCQEI"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6IOHSO6BUKC6I66J5PZOMAGFVJ66ZS57"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JWANFIR3PYAL5RJQ4AO3ZS2DYMSF2ZGZ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-53"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4645"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00028.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00037.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ9G-VCCC-Q7C7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:26 – Updated: 2022-11-16 19:00
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read/write access flaw was found in the USB emulator of the QEMU in versions before 5.2.0. This issue occurs while processing USB packets from a guest when USBDevice 'setup_len' exceeds its 'data_buf[4096]' in the do_token_in, do_token_out routines. This flaw allows a guest user to crash the QEMU process, resulting in a denial of service, or the potential execution of arbitrary code with the privileges of the QEMU process on the host.
Severity
5.0 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-14364"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-08-31T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read/write access flaw was found in the USB emulator of the QEMU in versions before 5.2.0. This issue occurs while processing USB packets from a guest when USBDevice \u0027setup_len\u0027 exceeds its \u0027data_buf[4096]\u0027 in the do_token_in, do_token_out routines. This flaw allows a guest user to crash the QEMU process, resulting in a denial of service, or the potential execution of arbitrary code with the privileges of the QEMU process on the host.",
"id": "GHSA-fq9g-vccc-q7c7",
"modified": "2022-11-16T19:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:26:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14364"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1869201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/09/msg00013.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JTZQUQ6ZBPMFMNAUQBVJFELYNMUZLL6P"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/M52WIRMZL6TZRYZ65N6OAYNNFHV62O2N"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202009-14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202011-09"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200924-0006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4511-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4760"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/08/24/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/08/24/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-10/msg00024.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ9H-X9CX-FQ37
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:20
VLAI
Details
Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have a Heap Overflow vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5040"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-20T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have a Heap Overflow vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.",
"id": "GHSA-fq9h-x9cx-fq37",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:20:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:20:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-21.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041250"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ9R-775M-MFR3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-05 18:32 – Updated: 2024-11-05 18:32
VLAI
Details
A heap buffer overflow could be triggered by sending a specific packet to TCP port 7700.
Severity
9.0 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-29125"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-05T16:15:16Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A heap buffer overflow could be triggered by sending a specific packet to TCP port 7700.",
"id": "GHSA-fq9r-775m-mfr3",
"modified": "2024-11-05T18:32:11Z",
"published": "2024-11-05T18:32:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support-emobility.enelx.com/content/dam/enelxmobility/italia/documenti/manuali-schede-tecniche/Waybox-3-Security-Bulletin-06-2024-V1.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQHW-6HFW-H298
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:20 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:20
VLAI
Details
Possible heap overflow due to improper length check of domain while parsing the DNS response in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1975"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-12T07:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Possible heap overflow due to improper length check of domain while parsing the DNS response in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Voice \u0026 Music, Snapdragon Wearables",
"id": "GHSA-fqhw-6hfw-h298",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:20:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:20:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1975"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/november-2021-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FQJM-FJ8X-6HP3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-25 12:31 – Updated: 2026-07-27 06:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
staging: vme_user: bound slave read/write to the kern_buf size
The SLAVE-path helpers buffer_to_user() and buffer_from_user() copy 'count' bytes into/out of the fixed-size kern_buf (size_buf == PCI_BUF_SIZE == 0x20000, 128 KiB) using *ppos as the offset, without bounding *ppos + count against size_buf.
vme_user_write()/vme_user_read() only clamp count to the VME window size (image_size = vme_get_size(resource)), which VME_SET_SLAVE sets from the user-supplied slave.size -- validated against the VME address space (up to VME_A32_MAX = 4 GiB), not against PCI_BUF_SIZE. When the window exceeds 128 KiB, a write()/read() copies past the kern_buf allocation.
Clamp count against size_buf in both helpers, with an early return when *ppos is already at/after the buffer end. *ppos is >= 0 here (the caller rejects negative offsets), so size_buf - *ppos cannot wrap. This mirrors the existing clamp in the MASTER-path helpers resource_to_user() / resource_from_user(), and matches the read()/write() convention of a short transfer at end-of-buffer.
Found by static analysis (CodeQL taint tracking + CBMC bounded model checking) and confirmed dynamically under KASAN with the vme_fake bridge:
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _copy_from_user+0x2d/0x80 Write of size 262144 at addr ffff888004100000 by task trigger/68 _copy_from_user+0x2d/0x80 vme_user_write+0x13e/0x240 [vme_user] vfs_write+0x1b8/0x7a0 ksys_write+0xb8/0x150
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-64449"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-25T10:17:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nstaging: vme_user: bound slave read/write to the kern_buf size\n\nThe SLAVE-path helpers buffer_to_user() and buffer_from_user() copy\n\u0027count\u0027 bytes into/out of the fixed-size kern_buf (size_buf ==\nPCI_BUF_SIZE == 0x20000, 128 KiB) using *ppos as the offset, without\nbounding *ppos + count against size_buf.\n\nvme_user_write()/vme_user_read() only clamp count to the VME window size\n(image_size = vme_get_size(resource)), which VME_SET_SLAVE sets from the\nuser-supplied slave.size -- validated against the VME address space (up\nto VME_A32_MAX = 4 GiB), not against PCI_BUF_SIZE. When the window\nexceeds 128 KiB, a write()/read() copies past the kern_buf allocation.\n\nClamp count against size_buf in both helpers, with an early return when\n*ppos is already at/after the buffer end. *ppos is \u003e= 0 here (the caller\nrejects negative offsets), so size_buf - *ppos cannot wrap. This mirrors\nthe existing clamp in the MASTER-path helpers resource_to_user() /\nresource_from_user(), and matches the read()/write() convention of a\nshort transfer at end-of-buffer.\n\nFound by static analysis (CodeQL taint tracking + CBMC bounded model\nchecking) and confirmed dynamically under KASAN with the vme_fake bridge:\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _copy_from_user+0x2d/0x80\n Write of size 262144 at addr ffff888004100000 by task trigger/68\n _copy_from_user+0x2d/0x80\n vme_user_write+0x13e/0x240 [vme_user]\n vfs_write+0x1b8/0x7a0\n ksys_write+0xb8/0x150",
"id": "GHSA-fqjm-fj8x-6hp3",
"modified": "2026-07-27T06:30:38Z",
"published": "2026-07-25T12:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-64449"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1b495fa0d4927c88d88bf346bf311f2e26e860ed"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65358d89dc9f1c25d9364b2b3ef0f3b47717f9ed"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8eff7cd4817e14dbe3b9952cce55ef52d1d38940"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9f32f38265014fac7f5dc9490fb01a638ce6e121"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/adc8b9c30d716c362646edb45662aa1c641a154a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e99f2df433c63c86c93de1e5f08f16e404388756"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.