Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15121 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-1050 (GCVE-0-2025-1050)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-23 16:44 – Updated: 2025-04-23 18:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sonos Era 300 Out-of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Sonos Era 300 Out-of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected Sonos Era 300 speakers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the processing of HLS playlist data. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated data structure. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the anacapa user. Was ZDI-CAN-25606.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_research-advisory |
Date Public
2025-04-09 20:30
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CVE-2025-0910 (GCVE-0-2025-0910)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-11 19:58 – Updated: 2025-02-12 15:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PDF-XChange Editor U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
PDF-XChange Editor U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25748.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_research-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PDF-XChange | PDF-XChange Editor |
Affected:
10.4.3.391
|
Date Public
2025-01-31 22:07
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CVE-2025-0690 (GCVE-0-2025-0690)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-24 07:53 – Updated: 2026-07-08 14:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grub2: read: integer overflow may lead to out-of-bounds write
Summary
The read command is used to read the keyboard input from the user, while reads it keeps the input length in a 32-bit integer value which is further used to reallocate the line buffer to accept the next character. During this process, with a line big enough it's possible to make this variable to overflow leading to a out-of-bounds write in the heap based buffer. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and secure boot bypass is not discarded as consequence.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:6990 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-0690 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2346123 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/202… |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.12
(semver)
|
|||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
1:2.06-104.el9_6 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
Date Public
2025-02-18 18:00
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CVE-2025-0686 (GCVE-0-2025-0686)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-03 17:14 – Updated: 2026-06-29 23:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grub2: romfs: integer overflow when handling symlinks may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when reading dat
Summary
A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup from a romfs filesystem, grub's romfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciously crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculations to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result, the grub_romfs_read_symlink() may cause out-of-bounds writes when the calling grub_disk_read() function. This issue may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and can result in arbitrary code execution by-passing secure boot protections.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-0686 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2346121 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/202… |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.12
(semver)
|
|||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
Date Public
2025-02-18 18:00
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CVE-2025-0685 (GCVE-0-2025-0685)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-03 17:14 – Updated: 2026-06-29 23:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grub2: jfs: integer overflow when handling symlinks may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when reading data
Summary
A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a jfs filesystem, grub's jfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciouly crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculations to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result, the grub_jfs_lookup_symlink() function will write past the internal buffer length during grub_jfs_read_file(). This issue can be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution, by-passing secure boot protections.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-0685 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2346120 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/202… |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.12
(semver)
|
|||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
Date Public
2025-02-18 18:00
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CVE-2025-0684 (GCVE-0-2025-0684)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-03 17:14 – Updated: 2026-06-29 23:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grub2: reiserfs: integer overflow when handling symlinks may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when reading data
Summary
A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup from a reiserfs filesystem, grub's reiserfs fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciouly crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculations to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result, the grub_reiserfs_read_symlink() will call grub_reiserfs_read_real() with a overflown length parameter, leading to a heap based out-of-bounds write during data reading. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and can result in arbitrary code execution, by-passing secure boot protections.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-0684 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2346119 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/202… |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.12
(semver)
|
|||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
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cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
Date Public
2025-02-18 18:00
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CVE-2025-0677 (GCVE-0-2025-0677)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-19 18:23 – Updated: 2026-06-29 23:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grub2: ufs: integer overflow may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when handling symlinks
Summary
A flaw was found in grub2. When performing a symlink lookup, the grub's UFS module checks the inode's data size to allocate the internal buffer to read the file content, however, it fails to check if the symlink data size has overflown. When this occurs, grub_malloc() may be called with a smaller value than needed. When further reading the data from the disk into the buffer, the grub_ufs_lookup_symlink() function will write past the end of the allocated size. An attack can leverage this by crafting a malicious filesystem, and as a result, it will corrupt data stored in the heap, allowing for arbitrary code execution used to by-pass secure boot mechanisms.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:16154 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:6990 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-0677 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2346116 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/grub-devel/202… |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.12
(semver)
|
|||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
1:2.12-15.el10_0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
1:2.06-104.el9_6 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4 |
Date Public
2025-02-18 18:00
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CVE-2025-0624 (GCVE-0-2025-0624)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-19 18:23 – Updated: 2026-06-29 20:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grub2: net: out-of-bounds write in grub_net_search_config_file()
Summary
A flaw was found in grub2. During the network boot process, when trying to search for the configuration file, grub copies data from a user controlled environment variable into an internal buffer using the grub_strcpy() function. During this step, it fails to consider the environment variable length when allocating the internal buffer, resulting in an out-of-bounds write. If correctly exploited, this issue may result in remote code execution through the same network segment grub is searching for the boot information, which can be used to by-pass secure boot protections.
Severity
7.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
20 references
Impacted products
23 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.12
(semver)
|
|||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-0.87.el7_9.15 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-162.el8_10 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-87.el8_2.13 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.2::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-99.el8_4.12 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-99.el8_4.12 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-99.el8_4.12 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-123.el8_6.18 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.6::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-123.el8_6.18 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.6::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-123.el8_6.18 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.6::baseos cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.6::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
1:2.06-94.el9_5 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
1:2.06-27.el9_0.22 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.0::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
1:2.06-61.el9_2.10 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus:9.2::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
1:2.06-86.el9_4.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 |
Unaffected:
412.86.202503310142-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.12::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.12::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 |
Unaffected:
413.92.202504070146-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 |
Unaffected:
414.92.202505141057-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 |
Unaffected:
415.92.202504282058-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 |
Unaffected:
416.94.202503252048-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 |
Unaffected:
417.94.202503241418-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.17::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 |
Unaffected:
418.94.202504021150-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.18::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10 |
Date Public
2025-02-18 18:00
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CVE-2025-0236 (GCVE-0-2025-0236)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-26 01:57 – Updated: 2025-02-26 15:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Out-of-bounds vulnerability in slope processing during curve rendering in Generic PCL6 V4 Printer Driver / Generic UFR II V4 Printer Driver / Generic LIPSLX V4 Printer Driver.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.canon/advisory-information/cp2025-002/ | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canon Inc. | Generic PCL6 V4 Printer Driver |
Affected:
2.1 and earlier
|
|
| Canon Inc. | Generic UFR II V4 Printer Driver |
Affected:
2.1 and earlier
|
|
| Canon Inc. | Generic LIPSLX V4 Printer Driver |
Affected:
2.1 and earlier
|
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CVE-2025-0235 (GCVE-0-2025-0235)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-26 01:56 – Updated: 2025-02-26 15:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Out-of-bounds vulnerability due to improper memory release during image rendering in Generic PCL6 V4 Printer Driver / Generic UFR II V4 Printer Driver / Generic LIPSLX V4 Printer Driver.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.canon/advisory-information/cp2025-002/ | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
3 products
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|---|---|---|---|
| Canon Inc. | Generic PCL6 V4 Printer Driver |
Affected:
2.1 and earlier
|
|
| Canon Inc. | Generic UFR II V4 Printer Driver |
Affected:
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|
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| Canon Inc. | Generic LIPSLX V4 Printer Driver |
Affected:
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Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.