Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15108 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WX4F-9WF4-26P4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-05 18:30
VLAI
Details
TinyWeb 1.94 and below allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Buffer Overflow) when sending excessively large elements in the request line.
Severity
8.6 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-34199"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:38:32Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TinyWeb 1.94 and below allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Buffer Overflow) when sending excessively large elements in the request line.",
"id": "GHSA-wx4f-9wf4-26p4",
"modified": "2026-01-05T18:30:20Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34199"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/maximmasiutin/TinyWeb/commit/2584082"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/maximmasiutin/TinyWeb/commit/d49c3da"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DMCERTCE/PoC_Tiny_Overflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WX53-3C9R-58R2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-25 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:20
VLAI
Details
A stack-based buffer overflow in the Command Centre Server allows an attacker to cause a denial of service attack via assigning cardholders to an Access Group.
This issue affects Command Centre: vEL8.80 prior to vEL8.80.1192 (MR2)
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-22363"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-25T00:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\nA stack-based buffer overflow in the Command Centre Server allows an attacker to cause a denial of service attack via assigning cardholders to an Access Group.\n\nThis issue affects Command Centre: vEL8.80 prior to vEL8.80.1192 (MR2)\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-wx53-3c9r-58r2",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:20:32Z",
"published": "2023-07-25T00:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22363"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gallagher.com/en-NZ/Security-Advisories/CVE-2023-22363"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WX5H-WRH7-XG39
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-08 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-09 21:31
VLAI
Details
Multiple stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the FST LEB128 varint functionality of GTKWave 3.3.115. A specially crafted .fst file can lead to arbitrary code execution. A victim would need to open a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.This vulnerability concerns the fstReaderVarint64 function.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-35703"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-08T15:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the FST LEB128 varint functionality of GTKWave 3.3.115. A specially crafted .fst file can lead to arbitrary code execution. A victim would need to open a malicious file to trigger these vulnerabilities.This vulnerability concerns the fstReaderVarint64 function.",
"id": "GHSA-wx5h-wrh7-xg39",
"modified": "2024-04-09T21:31:52Z",
"published": "2024-01-08T15:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35703"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/04/msg00007.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1783"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1783"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WX63-6373-25HV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-07 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-18 00:00
VLAI
Details
Tenda AX1806 v1.0.0.1 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the wanMTU parameter in the function fromAdvSetMacMtuWan. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28973"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-06T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tenda AX1806 v1.0.0.1 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the wanMTU parameter in the function fromAdvSetMacMtuWan. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).",
"id": "GHSA-wx63-6373-25hv",
"modified": "2022-05-18T00:00:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-07T00:00:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28973"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/d1tto/IoT-vuln/blob/main/Tenda/AX1806/fromAdvSetMacMtuWan/readme.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WX6P-35HF-VHHJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:29 – Updated: 2025-10-22 03:30
VLAI
Details
Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x through 9.1.2, and Adobe Flash Player 9.x through 9.0.159.0 and 10.x through 10.0.22.87, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via (1) a crafted Flash application in a .pdf file or (2) a crafted .swf file, related to authplay.dll, as exploited in the wild in July 2009.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-1862"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-07-23T20:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x through 9.1.2, and Adobe Flash Player 9.x through 9.0.159.0 and 10.x through 10.0.22.87, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via (1) a crafted Flash application in a .pdf file or (2) a crafted .swf file, related to authplay.dll, as exploited in the wild in July 2009.",
"id": "GHSA-wx6p-35hf-vhhj",
"modified": "2025-10-22T03:30:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:29:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-1862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2009-1862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://blogs.adobe.com/psirt/2009/07/potential_adobe_reader_and_fla.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bugs.adobe.com/jira/browse/FP-1265"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://isc.sans.org/diary.html?storyid=6847"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2009/Sep/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2009/Sep/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://news.cnet.com/8301-27080_3-10293389-245.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/36193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/36374"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/36701"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-200908-04.xml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://sunsolve.sun.com/search/document.do?assetkey=1-66-266108-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3864"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3865"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa09-03.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb09-10.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb09-13.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/259425"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/35759"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.symantec.com/business/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2009-072209-2512-99"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/next-generation-flash-vulnerability"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WX7M-J6J8-XM63
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:27 – Updated: 2023-02-27 15:30
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in GnuTLS before 3.6.15. A server can trigger a NULL pointer dereference in a TLS 1.3 client if a no_renegotiation alert is sent with unexpected timing, and then an invalid second handshake occurs. The crash happens in the application's error handling path, where the gnutls_deinit function is called after detecting a handshake failure.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-24659"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-04T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in GnuTLS before 3.6.15. A server can trigger a NULL pointer dereference in a TLS 1.3 client if a no_renegotiation alert is sent with unexpected timing, and then an invalid second handshake occurs. The crash happens in the application\u0027s error handling path, where the gnutls_deinit function is called after detecting a handshake failure.",
"id": "GHSA-wx7m-j6j8-xm63",
"modified": "2023-02-27T15:30:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:27:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24659"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gnutls/gnutls/-/issues/1071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/62BUAI4FQQLG6VTKRT7SUZPGJJ4NASQ3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/AWN56FDLQQXT2D2YHNI4TYH432TDMQ7N"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202009-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200911-0006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4491-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gnutls.org/security-new.html#GNUTLS-SA-2020-09-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-10/msg00054.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-10/msg00060.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WX8C-XG95-745M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-23 00:00
VLAI
Details
PNGDec commit 8abf6be was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via SaveBMP at /linux/main.cpp.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35012"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-16T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PNGDec commit 8abf6be was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via SaveBMP at /linux/main.cpp.",
"id": "GHSA-wx8c-xg95-745m",
"modified": "2022-08-23T00:00:16Z",
"published": "2022-08-17T00:00:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35012"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bitbank2/PNGdec/issues/10"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WX92-H8Q5-HFM6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-21 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:35
VLAI
Details
GIMP XWD File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GIMP. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of XWD files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-28265.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-2045"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-20T23:16:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GIMP XWD File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GIMP. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of XWD files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-28265.",
"id": "GHSA-wx92-h8q5-hfm6",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:35:37Z",
"published": "2026-02-21T00:31:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2045"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4173"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5113"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5388"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5389"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5390"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5391"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5434"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5435"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5436"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5437"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-2045"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2441522"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp/-/commit/68b27dfb1cbd9b3f22d7fa624dbab8647ee5f275"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-2045.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-26-119"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WX9P-R67P-8CJF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31
VLAI
Details
D-Link DIR-3040 prog.cgi SetMyDLinkRegistration Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-3040 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-size stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21652.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41226"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-3040 prog.cgi SetMyDLinkRegistration Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-3040 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-size stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21652.",
"id": "GHSA-wx9p-r67p-8cjf",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41226"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10350"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1334"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WXC3-QVMX-9V52
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:21 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:21
VLAI
Details
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka 'Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0590, CVE-2019-0591, CVE-2019-0593, CVE-2019-0605, CVE-2019-0607, CVE-2019-0640, CVE-2019-0642, CVE-2019-0644, CVE-2019-0651, CVE-2019-0652, CVE-2019-0655.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-0610"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-05T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka \u0027Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0590, CVE-2019-0591, CVE-2019-0593, CVE-2019-0605, CVE-2019-0607, CVE-2019-0640, CVE-2019-0642, CVE-2019-0644, CVE-2019-0651, CVE-2019-0652, CVE-2019-0655.",
"id": "GHSA-wxc3-qvmx-9v52",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:21:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:21:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0610"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-0610"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106908"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.