CWE-787
Weakness Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Dimensions
- Behavior-Type: Write
- Resource-Type: Memory Buffer
- Resource-Property: Out-of-bounds
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities. However, closer examination is required.
While this CWE is allowed for mapping, it has more specific children that might be a better fit. Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is appropriate. Consider the root cause errors that have led to the out-of-bounds write by examining "CanFollow" relationships for this entry.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
This weakness can often be detected using automated static analysis tools. Many modern tools use data flow analysis or constraint-based techniques to minimize the number of false positives.
Automated static analysis generally does not account for environmental considerations when reporting out-of-bounds memory operations. This can make it difficult for users to determine which warnings should be investigated first. For example, an analysis tool might report buffer overflows that originate from command line arguments in a program that is not expected to run with setuid or other special privileges.
Effectiveness: High
Detection techniques for buffer-related errors are more mature than for most other weakness types.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
This weakness can be detected using dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the software using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The software's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
Use tools that are integrated during compilation to insert runtime error-checking mechanisms related to memory safety errors, such as AddressSanitizer (ASan) for C/C++ [REF-1518].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Crafted inputs are necessary to reach the code containing the error, such as generated by fuzzers. Also, these tools may reduce performance, and they only report the error condition - not the original mistake that led to the error.
Content history
Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.
Provided diagram to improve CWE usability
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Common_Consequences
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Description
updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Description
updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Affected_Resources, Functional_Areas, References
updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, References, Relationships
updated Mapping_Notes
updated Dimensions, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
17015 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-PVRC-HG3F-58R6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-05-21 14:25 – Updated: 2024-11-01 17:03Impact
An attacker can write outside the bounds of heap allocated arrays by passing invalid arguments to tf.raw_ops.Dilation2DBackpropInput:
import tensorflow as tf
input_tensor = tf.constant([1.1] * 81, shape=[3, 3, 3, 3], dtype=tf.float32)
filter = tf.constant([], shape=[0, 0, 3], dtype=tf.float32)
out_backprop = tf.constant([1.1] * 1062, shape=[3, 2, 59, 3], dtype=tf.float32)
tf.raw_ops.Dilation2DBackpropInput(
input=input_tensor, filter=filter, out_backprop=out_backprop,
strides=[1, 40, 1, 1], rates=[1, 56, 56, 1], padding='VALID')
This is because the implementation does not validate before writing to the output array.
in_backprop(b, h_in_max, w_in_max, d) += out_backprop(b, h_out, w_out, d);
The values for h_out and w_out are guaranteed to be in range for out_backprop (as they are loop indices bounded by the size of the array). However, there are no similar guarantees relating h_in_max/w_in_max and in_backprop.
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 3f6fe4dfef6f57e768260b48166c27d148f3015f.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.5.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.4.2, TensorFlow 2.3.3, TensorFlow 2.2.3 and TensorFlow 2.1.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Attribution
This vulnerability has been reported by Yakun Zhang and Ying Wang of Baidu X-Team.
{
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"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
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],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-29566"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-18T19:22:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-14T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAn attacker can write outside the bounds of heap allocated arrays by passing invalid arguments to `tf.raw_ops.Dilation2DBackpropInput`:\n\n```python\nimport tensorflow as tf\n \ninput_tensor = tf.constant([1.1] * 81, shape=[3, 3, 3, 3], dtype=tf.float32)\nfilter = tf.constant([], shape=[0, 0, 3], dtype=tf.float32)\nout_backprop = tf.constant([1.1] * 1062, shape=[3, 2, 59, 3], dtype=tf.float32)\n\ntf.raw_ops.Dilation2DBackpropInput(\n input=input_tensor, filter=filter, out_backprop=out_backprop, \n strides=[1, 40, 1, 1], rates=[1, 56, 56, 1], padding=\u0027VALID\u0027)\n```\n\nThis is because the [implementation](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/afd954e65f15aea4d438d0a219136fc4a63a573d/tensorflow/core/kernels/dilation_ops.cc#L321-L322) does not validate before writing to the output array.\n \n```cc \nin_backprop(b, h_in_max, w_in_max, d) += out_backprop(b, h_out, w_out, d);\n``` \n \nThe values for `h_out` and `w_out` are guaranteed to be in range for `out_backprop` (as they are loop indices bounded by the size of the array). However, there are no similar guarantees relating `h_in_max`/`w_in_max` and `in_backprop`.\n\n### Patches\nWe have patched the issue in GitHub commit [3f6fe4dfef6f57e768260b48166c27d148f3015f](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/3f6fe4dfef6f57e768260b48166c27d148f3015f).\n\nThe fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.5.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.4.2, TensorFlow 2.3.3, TensorFlow 2.2.3 and TensorFlow 2.1.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.\n\n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n\n### Attribution\nThis vulnerability has been reported by Yakun Zhang and Ying Wang of Baidu X-Team.",
"id": "GHSA-pvrc-hg3f-58r6",
"modified": "2024-11-01T17:03:51Z",
"published": "2021-05-21T14:25:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-pvrc-hg3f-58r6"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29566"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/3f6fe4dfef6f57e768260b48166c27d148f3015f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-cpu/PYSEC-2021-494.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-gpu/PYSEC-2021-692.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow/PYSEC-2021-203.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Heap OOB access in `Dilation2DBackpropInput`"
}
GHSA-PVRF-2WF8-JRQV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-18 06:31 – Updated: 2025-04-17 15:32An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 6.0.11. Missing validation of IEEE80211_P2P_ATTR_OPER_CHANNEL in drivers/net/wireless/microchip/wilc1000/cfg80211.c in the WILC1000 wireless driver can trigger an out-of-bounds write when parsing the channel list attribute from Wi-Fi management frames.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-47519"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-18T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 6.0.11. Missing validation of IEEE80211_P2P_ATTR_OPER_CHANNEL in drivers/net/wireless/microchip/wilc1000/cfg80211.c in the WILC1000 wireless driver can trigger an out-of-bounds write when parsing the channel list attribute from Wi-Fi management frames.",
"id": "GHSA-pvrf-2wf8-jrqv",
"modified": "2025-04-17T15:32:25Z",
"published": "2022-12-18T06:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-47519"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/051ae669e4505abbe05165bebf6be7922de11f41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/12/msg00031.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221123153543.8568-3-philipturnbull%40github.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221123153543.8568-3-philipturnbull@github.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230113-0007"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PVRP-53VR-R883
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-24 21:31 – Updated: 2024-07-26 15:31Tenda FH1201 v1.2.0.14 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the list1 parameter at ip/goform/DhcpListClient.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-41461"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-24T21:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda FH1201 v1.2.0.14 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability via the list1 parameter at ip/goform/DhcpListClient.",
"id": "GHSA-pvrp-53vr-r883",
"modified": "2024-07-26T15:31:50Z",
"published": "2024-07-24T21:31:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-41461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/iotresearch/iot-vuln/blob/main/Tenda/FH1201/DhcpListClient/README.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
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"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PVV4-M6QJ-JW53
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:22 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:22In FreeBSD 12.1-STABLE before r362281, 11.4-STABLE before r362281, and 11.4-RELEASE before p1, long values in the user-controlled PATH environment variable cause posix_spawnp to write beyond the end of the heap allocated stack possibly leading to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-7458"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-07-09T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In FreeBSD 12.1-STABLE before r362281, 11.4-STABLE before r362281, and 11.4-RELEASE before p1, long values in the user-controlled PATH environment variable cause posix_spawnp to write beyond the end of the heap allocated stack possibly leading to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-pvv4-m6qj-jw53",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:22:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:22:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7458"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-20:18.posix_spawnp.asc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200724-0002"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-PVV4-XCGC-R7XW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:12Use after free in audio in Google Chrome prior to 80.0.3987.149 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-6429"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-416",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-23T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in audio in Google Chrome prior to 80.0.3987.149 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-pvv4-xcgc-r7xw",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:12:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:12:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-6429"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2020/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_18.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1057627"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2DDNOAGIX5D77TTHT6YPMVJ5WTXTCQEI"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6IOHSO6BUKC6I66J5PZOMAGFVJ66ZS57"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JWANFIR3PYAL5RJQ4AO3ZS2DYMSF2ZGZ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-53"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4645"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00028.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00037.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PVV9-P2GJ-W426
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:34 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:34A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's ext4 filesystem. A local user can cause an out-of-bound write in in fs/jbd2/transaction.c code, a denial of service, and a system crash by unmounting a crafted ext4 filesystem image.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-10882"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-27T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in the Linux kernel\u0027s ext4 filesystem. A local user can cause an out-of-bound write in in fs/jbd2/transaction.c code, a denial of service, and a system crash by unmounting a crafted ext4 filesystem image.",
"id": "GHSA-pvv9-p2gj-w426",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:34:55Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:34:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10882"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2948"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2018-10882"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200069"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1596842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2018-10882"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c37e9e013469521d9adb932d17a1795c139b36db"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3753-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3753-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3871-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3871-3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3871-4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3871-5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106503"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PVVW-QRF9-XPMC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-06 06:30 – Updated: 2025-01-06 15:30In power, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09270402; Issue ID: MSV-2020.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20140"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-06T04:15:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In power, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09270402; Issue ID: MSV-2020.",
"id": "GHSA-pvvw-qrf9-xpmc",
"modified": "2025-01-06T15:30:59Z",
"published": "2025-01-06T06:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20140"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/January-2025"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PVWF-4H2P-6V45
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-01-10 15:30The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to perform a Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack or, possibly, obtain Remote Code Execution (RCE) via a crafted network request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-48266"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-10T13:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to perform a Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack or, possibly, obtain Remote Code Execution (RCE) via a crafted network request.",
"id": "GHSA-pvwf-4h2p-6v45",
"modified": "2024-01-10T15:30:19Z",
"published": "2024-01-10T15:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-48266"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.bosch.com/security-advisories/BOSCH-SA-711465.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PVWF-P3GJ-CCCJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41A heap overflow vulnerability exists in the way the GIF parser decodes LZW compressed streams in Accusoft ImageGear 19.8. A specially crafted malformed file can trigger a heap overflow, which can result in arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-13572"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-10T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A heap overflow vulnerability exists in the way the GIF parser decodes LZW compressed streams in Accusoft ImageGear 19.8. A specially crafted malformed file can trigger a heap overflow, which can result in arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-pvwf-p3gj-cccj",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-13572"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2020-1183"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PW2W-CC2C-542X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-28 21:31An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6 and iPadOS 26.6, macOS Tahoe 26.6, tvOS 26.6, visionOS 26.6, watchOS 26.6. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-43816"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-27T21:17:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.6 and iPadOS 26.6, macOS Tahoe 26.6, tvOS 26.6, visionOS 26.6, watchOS 26.6. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination.",
"id": "GHSA-pw2w-cc2c-542x",
"modified": "2026-07-28T21:31:24Z",
"published": "2026-07-27T21:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-43816"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128066"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128067"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128068"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128069"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128070"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.