CWE-787
Weakness Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Dimensions
- Behavior-Type: Write
- Resource-Type: Memory Buffer
- Resource-Property: Out-of-bounds
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities. However, closer examination is required.
While this CWE is allowed for mapping, it has more specific children that might be a better fit. Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is appropriate. Consider the root cause errors that have led to the out-of-bounds write by examining "CanFollow" relationships for this entry.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
This weakness can often be detected using automated static analysis tools. Many modern tools use data flow analysis or constraint-based techniques to minimize the number of false positives.
Automated static analysis generally does not account for environmental considerations when reporting out-of-bounds memory operations. This can make it difficult for users to determine which warnings should be investigated first. For example, an analysis tool might report buffer overflows that originate from command line arguments in a program that is not expected to run with setuid or other special privileges.
Effectiveness: High
Detection techniques for buffer-related errors are more mature than for most other weakness types.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
This weakness can be detected using dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the software using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The software's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
Use tools that are integrated during compilation to insert runtime error-checking mechanisms related to memory safety errors, such as AddressSanitizer (ASan) for C/C++ [REF-1518].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Crafted inputs are necessary to reach the code containing the error, such as generated by fuzzers. Also, these tools may reduce performance, and they only report the error condition - not the original mistake that led to the error.
Content history
Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.
Provided diagram to improve CWE usability
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Common_Consequences
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Description
updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Description
updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Affected_Resources, Functional_Areas, References
updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, References, Relationships
updated Mapping_Notes
updated Dimensions, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
16909 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-P54W-99P6-35WV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2025-05-20 18:30A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft browsers, aka 'Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0920, CVE-2019-0988, CVE-2019-1005, CVE-2019-1080.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-1055"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-12T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft browsers, aka \u0027Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0920, CVE-2019-0988, CVE-2019-1005, CVE-2019-1080.",
"id": "GHSA-p54w-99p6-35wv",
"modified": "2025-05-20T18:30:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:47:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1055"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2019-1055"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-1055"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P555-VV4Q-4WW9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-04 18:31Stack buffer overflow vulnerability in D-Link DIR-513 v1.10 via the curTime parameter to goform/formSetQoS.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-70234"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-03T21:15:57Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Stack buffer overflow vulnerability in D-Link DIR-513 v1.10 via the curTime parameter to goform/formSetQoS.",
"id": "GHSA-p555-vv4q-4ww9",
"modified": "2026-03-04T18:31:50Z",
"published": "2026-03-03T21:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-70234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/akuma-QAQ/CVEreport/tree/main/D-link/CVE-2025-70234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com.cn/techsupport/ProductInfo.aspx?m=DIR-513"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P564-RRJR-FHWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:57 – Updated: 2023-01-25 03:30Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.366 and 19.x through 22.x before 22.0.0.209 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.632 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-4172, CVE-2016-4175, CVE-2016-4179, CVE-2016-4180, CVE-2016-4181, CVE-2016-4182, CVE-2016-4183, CVE-2016-4184, CVE-2016-4185, CVE-2016-4186, CVE-2016-4187, CVE-2016-4188, CVE-2016-4189, CVE-2016-4190, CVE-2016-4217, CVE-2016-4218, CVE-2016-4219, CVE-2016-4220, CVE-2016-4221, CVE-2016-4233, CVE-2016-4234, CVE-2016-4235, CVE-2016-4237, CVE-2016-4238, CVE-2016-4239, CVE-2016-4240, CVE-2016-4241, CVE-2016-4242, CVE-2016-4243, CVE-2016-4244, CVE-2016-4245, and CVE-2016-4246.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-4236"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-07-13T02:00:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.366 and 19.x through 22.x before 22.0.0.209 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.632 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-4172, CVE-2016-4175, CVE-2016-4179, CVE-2016-4180, CVE-2016-4181, CVE-2016-4182, CVE-2016-4183, CVE-2016-4184, CVE-2016-4185, CVE-2016-4186, CVE-2016-4187, CVE-2016-4188, CVE-2016-4189, CVE-2016-4190, CVE-2016-4217, CVE-2016-4218, CVE-2016-4219, CVE-2016-4220, CVE-2016-4221, CVE-2016-4233, CVE-2016-4234, CVE-2016-4235, CVE-2016-4237, CVE-2016-4238, CVE-2016-4239, CVE-2016-4240, CVE-2016-4241, CVE-2016-4242, CVE-2016-4243, CVE-2016-4244, CVE-2016-4245, and CVE-2016-4246.",
"id": "GHSA-p564-rrjr-fhwq",
"modified": "2023-01-25T03:30:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:57:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb16-25.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201607-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-07/msg00016.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-07/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036280"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P56J-7VW7-VF6Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-18 00:30 – Updated: 2022-11-22 18:30In (TBD) of (TBD), there is a possible way to corrupt memory due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-239555070References: N/A
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20427"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-17T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In (TBD) of (TBD), there is a possible way to corrupt memory due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-239555070References: N/A",
"id": "GHSA-p56j-7vw7-vf6q",
"modified": "2022-11-22T18:30:16Z",
"published": "2022-11-18T00:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20427"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-11-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P56P-4VC2-3G3X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-30 21:30 – Updated: 2023-01-05 06:30TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the qcawifi.wifi%d_vap%d.maclist parameter in the kick_ban_wifi_mac_deny (sub_415D7C) function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46584"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-30T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the qcawifi.wifi%d_vap%d.maclist parameter in the kick_ban_wifi_mac_deny (sub_415D7C) function.",
"id": "GHSA-p56p-4vc2-3g3x",
"modified": "2023-01-05T06:30:21Z",
"published": "2022-12-30T21:30:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46584"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://brief-nymphea-813.notion.site/Vul4-TEW755-bof-kick_ban_wifi_mac_deny-a6801904571848d9a313c35b081e0793"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P56V-3HX9-84XP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-04 03:30 – Updated: 2023-12-07 18:30In gpu driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42679"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-04T01:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In gpu driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with System execution privileges needed",
"id": "GHSA-p56v-3hx9-84xp",
"modified": "2023-12-07T18:30:26Z",
"published": "2023-12-04T03:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42679"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1731138365803266049"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P575-J8QV-W2XF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:22Incorrect object lifecycle management in Blink in Google Chrome prior to 72.0.3626.81 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-5758"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-02-19T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect object lifecycle management in Blink in Google Chrome prior to 72.0.3626.81 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-p575-j8qv-w2xf",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:22:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:22:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5758"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0309"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2019/01/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/913970"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JVFHYCJGMZQUKYSIE2BXE4NLEGFGUXU5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZQOP53LXXPRGD4N5OBKGQTSMFXT32LF6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4395"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106767"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P577-8XFH-JM39
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-28 12:30 – Updated: 2025-11-19 18:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iio: backend: fix out-of-bound write
The buffer is set to 80 character. If a caller write more characters, count is truncated to the max available space in "simple_write_to_buffer". But afterwards a string terminator is written to the buffer at offset count without boundary check. The zero termination is written OUT-OF-BOUND.
Add a check that the given buffer is smaller then the buffer to prevent.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-38484"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-28T12:15:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niio: backend: fix out-of-bound write\n\nThe buffer is set to 80 character. If a caller write more characters,\ncount is truncated to the max available space in \"simple_write_to_buffer\".\nBut afterwards a string terminator is written to the buffer at offset count\nwithout boundary check. The zero termination is written OUT-OF-BOUND.\n\nAdd a check that the given buffer is smaller then the buffer to prevent.",
"id": "GHSA-p577-8xfh-jm39",
"modified": "2025-11-19T18:31:17Z",
"published": "2025-07-28T12:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38484"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/01e941aa7f5175125df4ac5d3aab099961525602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6eea9f7648ddb9e4903735a1f77cf196c957aa38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da9374819eb3885636934c1006d450c3cb1a02ed"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P584-873G-V9X6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:28A vulnerability has been identified in APOGEE MBC (PPC) (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE MBC (PPC) (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), APOGEE MEC (PPC) (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE MEC (PPC) (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), APOGEE PXC Compact (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE PXC Compact (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), APOGEE PXC Modular (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE PXC Modular (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), Capital VSTAR (All versions), Nucleus NET (All versions), Nucleus ReadyStart V3 (All versions < V2017.02.4), Nucleus Source Code (All versions), TALON TC Compact (BACnet) (All versions), TALON TC Modular (BACnet) (All versions). FTP server does not properly validate the length of the “USER” command, leading to stack-based buffer overflows. This may result in Denial-of-Service conditions and Remote Code Execution. (FSMD-2021-0010)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-31886"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-170",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-09T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in APOGEE MBC (PPC) (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE MBC (PPC) (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), APOGEE MEC (PPC) (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE MEC (PPC) (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), APOGEE PXC Compact (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE PXC Compact (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), APOGEE PXC Modular (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE PXC Modular (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), Capital VSTAR (All versions), Nucleus NET (All versions), Nucleus ReadyStart V3 (All versions \u003c V2017.02.4), Nucleus Source Code (All versions), TALON TC Compact (BACnet) (All versions), TALON TC Modular (BACnet) (All versions). FTP server does not properly validate the length of the \u201cUSER\u201d command, leading to stack-based buffer overflows. This may result in Denial-of-Service conditions and Remote Code Execution. (FSMD-2021-0010)",
"id": "GHSA-p584-873g-v9x6",
"modified": "2022-05-24T22:28:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:28:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31886"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-044112.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-114589.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-P592-JGC7-P79G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-12 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-12 15:30Easy Video to iPod Converter 1.6.20 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability in the user registration field that allows local attackers to overwrite the structured exception handler. Attackers can input a crafted payload exceeding 996 bytes in the username field to trigger SEH overwrite and execute arbitrary code with user privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25701"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-12T13:16:32Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Easy Video to iPod Converter 1.6.20 contains a local buffer overflow vulnerability in the user registration field that allows local attackers to overwrite the structured exception handler. Attackers can input a crafted payload exceeding 996 bytes in the username field to trigger SEH overwrite and execute arbitrary code with user privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-p592-jgc7-p79g",
"modified": "2026-04-12T15:30:26Z",
"published": "2026-04-12T15:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25701"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/easy-video-to-ipod-converter-local-buffer-overflow-seh"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.divxtodvd.net"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.divxtodvd.net/easy_video_to_ipod.exe"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.