CWE-787
Weakness Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Dimensions
- Behavior-Type: Write
- Resource-Type: Memory Buffer
- Resource-Property: Out-of-bounds
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities. However, closer examination is required.
While this CWE is allowed for mapping, it has more specific children that might be a better fit. Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is appropriate. Consider the root cause errors that have led to the out-of-bounds write by examining "CanFollow" relationships for this entry.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
This weakness can often be detected using automated static analysis tools. Many modern tools use data flow analysis or constraint-based techniques to minimize the number of false positives.
Automated static analysis generally does not account for environmental considerations when reporting out-of-bounds memory operations. This can make it difficult for users to determine which warnings should be investigated first. For example, an analysis tool might report buffer overflows that originate from command line arguments in a program that is not expected to run with setuid or other special privileges.
Effectiveness: High
Detection techniques for buffer-related errors are more mature than for most other weakness types.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
This weakness can be detected using dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the software using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The software's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
Use tools that are integrated during compilation to insert runtime error-checking mechanisms related to memory safety errors, such as AddressSanitizer (ASan) for C/C++ [REF-1518].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Crafted inputs are necessary to reach the code containing the error, such as generated by fuzzers. Also, these tools may reduce performance, and they only report the error condition - not the original mistake that led to the error.
Content history
Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.
Provided diagram to improve CWE usability
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Common_Consequences
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Description
updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Description
updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Affected_Resources, Functional_Areas, References
updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, References, Relationships
updated Mapping_Notes
updated Dimensions, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
16871 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-J6R2-WHVV-9R48
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-22 21:32 – Updated: 2024-11-22 21:32Tungsten Automation Power PDF PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24452.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9736"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T21:15:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tungsten Automation Power PDF PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24452.",
"id": "GHSA-j6r2-whvv-9r48",
"modified": "2024-11-22T21:32:20Z",
"published": "2024-11-22T21:32:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9736"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1351"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J6RG-Q5H8-MCM4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-06 18:30 – Updated: 2024-06-06 18:30Kofax Power PDF PSD File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PSD files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22919.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-5303"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-06T18:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Kofax Power PDF PSD File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of PSD files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22919.",
"id": "GHSA-j6rg-q5h8-mcm4",
"modified": "2024-06-06T18:30:58Z",
"published": "2024-06-06T18:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5303"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-548"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J6V3-2C6W-PWPM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-20 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-27 00:00DOS / potential heap overwrite in mkv demuxing using bzip decompression. Integer overflow in matroskademux element in bzip decompression function which causes a segfault, or could cause a heap overwrite, depending on libc and OS. Depending on the libc used, and the underlying OS capabilities, it could be just a segfault or a heap overwrite. If the libc uses mmap for large chunks, and the OS supports mmap, then it is just a segfault (because the realloc before the integer overflow will use mremap to reduce the size of the chunk, and it will start to write to unmapped memory). However, if using a libc implementation that does not use mmap, or if the OS does not support mmap while using libc, then this could result in a heap overwrite.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1923"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-190",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-19T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "DOS / potential heap overwrite in mkv demuxing using bzip decompression. Integer overflow in matroskademux element in bzip decompression function which causes a segfault, or could cause a heap overwrite, depending on libc and OS. Depending on the libc used, and the underlying OS capabilities, it could be just a segfault or a heap overwrite. If the libc uses mmap for large chunks, and the OS supports mmap, then it is just a segfault (because the realloc before the integer overflow will use mremap to reduce the size of the chunk, and it will start to write to unmapped memory). However, if using a libc implementation that does not use mmap, or if the OS does not support mmap while using libc, then this could result in a heap overwrite.",
"id": "GHSA-j6v3-2c6w-pwpm",
"modified": "2022-07-27T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-07-20T00:00:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1923"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gstreamer/-/issues/1225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/08/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5204"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J6X3-X857-7J5X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:06Grok 7.6.6 through 9.2.0 has a heap-based buffer overflow in grk::FileFormatDecompress::apply_palette_clr (called from grk::FileFormatDecompress::applyColour).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36089"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-01T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Grok 7.6.6 through 9.2.0 has a heap-based buffer overflow in grk::FileFormatDecompress::apply_palette_clr (called from grk::FileFormatDecompress::applyColour).",
"id": "GHSA-j6x3-x857-7j5x",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:06:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:06:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/detail?id=33544"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/GrokImageCompression/grok/releases"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz-vulns/blob/main/vulns/grok/OSV-2021-677.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-J6XF-P8R5-QHGW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions < V13.2), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions < V13.2). The DL180CoolType.dll library in affected applications lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing PDF files. This could result in an out of bounds write past the end of an allocated structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-13380)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-34316"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-13T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in JT2Go (All versions \u003c V13.2), Teamcenter Visualization (All versions \u003c V13.2). The DL180CoolType.dll library in affected applications lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing PDF files. This could result in an out of bounds write past the end of an allocated structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-13380)",
"id": "GHSA-j6xf-p8r5-qhgw",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:07:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34316"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-483182.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-849"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-J722-R3RG-RV33
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-17 00:00A stack overflow vulnerability exists in /goform/WifiMacFilterGet in Tenda W6 V1.0.0.9(4122) version, which can be exploited by attackers to cause a denial of service (DoS) via the index parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35558"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-12T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack overflow vulnerability exists in /goform/WifiMacFilterGet in Tenda W6 V1.0.0.9(4122) version, which can be exploited by attackers to cause a denial of service (DoS) via the index parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-j722-r3rg-rv33",
"modified": "2022-08-17T00:00:30Z",
"published": "2022-08-13T00:00:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ilovekeer/IOT/tree/main/Tenda/W6/stackoverflow/WifiMacFilterGet"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J72P-FV5P-4R63
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-10 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-10 00:31The $_internalApplyOplogUpdate aggregation pipeline stage can be used to execute a document diff containing a malformed binary diff to return memory out-of-bounds or crash the server. $_internalApplyOplogUpdate can be executed by any authenticated user with access to the aggregate command.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9753"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1287",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T23:17:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The $_internalApplyOplogUpdate aggregation pipeline stage can be used to execute a document diff containing a malformed binary diff to return memory out-of-bounds or crash the server. $_internalApplyOplogUpdate can be executed by any authenticated user with access to the aggregate command.",
"id": "GHSA-j72p-fv5p-4r63",
"modified": "2026-06-10T00:31:51Z",
"published": "2026-06-10T00:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9753"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-124959"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-J72V-JX24-RM3P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 15:31 – Updated: 2026-10-30 15:32In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iavf: fix out-of-bounds writes in iavf_get_ethtool_stats()
iavf incorrectly uses real_num_tx_queues for ETH_SS_STATS. Since the value could change in runtime, we should use num_tx_queues instead.
Moreover iavf_get_ethtool_stats() uses num_active_queues while iavf_get_sset_count() and iavf_get_stat_strings() use real_num_tx_queues, which triggers out-of-bounds writes when we do "ethtool -L" and "ethtool -S" simultaneously [1].
For example when we change channels from 1 to 8, Thread 3 could be scheduled before Thread 2, and out-of-bounds writes could be triggered in Thread 3:
Thread 1 (ethtool -L) Thread 2 (work) Thread 3 (ethtool -S) iavf_set_channels() ... iavf_alloc_queues() -> num_active_queues = 8 iavf_schedule_finish_config() iavf_get_sset_count() real_num_tx_queues: 1 -> buffer for 1 queue iavf_get_ethtool_stats() num_active_queues: 8 -> out-of-bounds! iavf_finish_config() -> real_num_tx_queues = 8
Use immutable num_tx_queues in all related functions to avoid the issue.
[1] BUG: KASAN: vmalloc-out-of-bounds in iavf_add_one_ethtool_stat+0x200/0x270 Write of size 8 at addr ffffc900031c9080 by task ethtool/5800
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 5800 Comm: ethtool Not tainted 6.19.0-enjuk-08403-g8137e3db7f1c #241 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x6f/0xb0 print_report+0x170/0x4f3 kasan_report+0xe1/0x180 iavf_add_one_ethtool_stat+0x200/0x270 iavf_get_ethtool_stats+0x14c/0x2e0 __dev_ethtool+0x3d0c/0x5830 dev_ethtool+0x12d/0x270 dev_ioctl+0x53c/0xe30 sock_do_ioctl+0x1a9/0x270 sock_ioctl+0x3d4/0x5e0 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x137/0x1c0 do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x690 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f7da0e6e36d ...
The buggy address belongs to a 1-page vmalloc region starting at 0xffffc900031c9000 allocated at __dev_ethtool+0x3cc9/0x5830 The buggy address belongs to the physical page: page: refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88813a013de0 pfn:0x13a013 flags: 0x200000000000000(node=0|zone=2) raw: 0200000000000000 0000000000000000 dead000000000122 0000000000000000 raw: ffff88813a013de0 0000000000000000 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
Memory state around the buggy address: ffffc900031c8f80: f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 ffffc900031c9000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
ffffc900031c9080: f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 ^ ffffc900031c9100: f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 ffffc900031c9180: f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-31505"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-22T14:16:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niavf: fix out-of-bounds writes in iavf_get_ethtool_stats()\n\niavf incorrectly uses real_num_tx_queues for ETH_SS_STATS. Since the\nvalue could change in runtime, we should use num_tx_queues instead.\n\nMoreover iavf_get_ethtool_stats() uses num_active_queues while\niavf_get_sset_count() and iavf_get_stat_strings() use\nreal_num_tx_queues, which triggers out-of-bounds writes when we do\n\"ethtool -L\" and \"ethtool -S\" simultaneously [1].\n\nFor example when we change channels from 1 to 8, Thread 3 could be\nscheduled before Thread 2, and out-of-bounds writes could be triggered\nin Thread 3:\n\nThread 1 (ethtool -L) Thread 2 (work) Thread 3 (ethtool -S)\niavf_set_channels()\n...\niavf_alloc_queues()\n-\u003e num_active_queues = 8\niavf_schedule_finish_config()\n iavf_get_sset_count()\n real_num_tx_queues: 1\n -\u003e buffer for 1 queue\n iavf_get_ethtool_stats()\n num_active_queues: 8\n -\u003e out-of-bounds!\n iavf_finish_config()\n -\u003e real_num_tx_queues = 8\n\nUse immutable num_tx_queues in all related functions to avoid the issue.\n\n[1]\n BUG: KASAN: vmalloc-out-of-bounds in iavf_add_one_ethtool_stat+0x200/0x270\n Write of size 8 at addr ffffc900031c9080 by task ethtool/5800\n\n CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 5800 Comm: ethtool Not tainted 6.19.0-enjuk-08403-g8137e3db7f1c #241 PREEMPT(full)\n Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n Call Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n dump_stack_lvl+0x6f/0xb0\n print_report+0x170/0x4f3\n kasan_report+0xe1/0x180\n iavf_add_one_ethtool_stat+0x200/0x270\n iavf_get_ethtool_stats+0x14c/0x2e0\n __dev_ethtool+0x3d0c/0x5830\n dev_ethtool+0x12d/0x270\n dev_ioctl+0x53c/0xe30\n sock_do_ioctl+0x1a9/0x270\n sock_ioctl+0x3d4/0x5e0\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0x137/0x1c0\n do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x690\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n RIP: 0033:0x7f7da0e6e36d\n ...\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\n The buggy address belongs to a 1-page vmalloc region starting at 0xffffc900031c9000 allocated at __dev_ethtool+0x3cc9/0x5830\n The buggy address belongs to the physical page: page: refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000\n index:0xffff88813a013de0 pfn:0x13a013\n flags: 0x200000000000000(node=0|zone=2)\n raw: 0200000000000000 0000000000000000 dead000000000122 0000000000000000\n raw: ffff88813a013de0 0000000000000000 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000\n page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected\n\n Memory state around the buggy address:\n ffffc900031c8f80: f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8\n ffffc900031c9000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00\n \u003effffc900031c9080: f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8\n ^\n ffffc900031c9100: f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8\n ffffc900031c9180: f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8 f8",
"id": "GHSA-j72v-jx24-rm3p",
"modified": "2026-10-30T15:32:28Z",
"published": "2026-04-22T15:31:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31505"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f931dee5b726df1940348ec31614d64bac03aa6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20a31b84b3e3af21bbb2628fdad185b1f274a5f5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb85741d2dc2be207353a412f51b83697fcbefcf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5dcca707f56c46582486d783c1eca2323189111"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fdf902bf86a80bf15792a1d20a67a5302498d7f1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fecacfc95f195b99c71c579a472120d0b4ed65fa"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J748-PF6H-H5F8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:13An out-of-bounds write was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.5, Security Update 2021-004 Catalina, Security Update 2021-005 Mojave. An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-30765"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-08T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.5, Security Update 2021-004 Catalina, Security Update 2021-005 Mojave. An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-j748-pf6h-h5f8",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:13:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:13:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30765"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212600"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212603"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-J75G-24FF-CHHQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-22 21:32 – Updated: 2024-11-22 21:32Tungsten Automation Power PDF PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24457.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9741"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T21:15:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Tungsten Automation Power PDF PDF File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24457.",
"id": "GHSA-j75g-24ff-chhq",
"modified": "2024-11-22T21:32:20Z",
"published": "2024-11-22T21:32:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9741"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1346"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.